The document outlines 10 principles for effective teaching of English as a second language based on research in second language acquisition. The principles stress the importance of developing both memorized phrases and rules, focusing on meaning while also paying attention to language forms, promoting implicit and explicit knowledge, accounting for individual learner differences, and assessing both controlled and free language production. Instruction should provide extensive input, opportunities for output and interaction in the target language.

1. of TEACHING ENGLISH
PRINCIPLES
Lessonsfrom SLA Research

2. Principle #1
Instructionneeds to ensure that
learners develop both a rich
repertoire of formulaic expressions
and a rule-based competence.

3. Principle #2
Instruction needs to ensure
that learners focus
predominantlyon meaning.

4. Principle #3
Instruction needs to
ensure that learners also
focus on form.

5. Principle #4
Instruction needs to be predominantly
directed at developing implicit
knowledge of the L2 while not
neglecting explicit knowledge.

6. Principle #5
Instruction needs to take
into account the learner’s
‘built-in syllabus’.

7. Principle #6
Successful instructed
language learning requires
extensive L2 input.

8. Principle #7
Successfulinstructed language
learning also requires
opportunitiesfor output .

9. Principle #8
The opportunity to interact
in the L2 is central to
developing L2 proficiency.

10. Principle #9
Instruction needs to take
account of individual
differences in learners.

11. Principle #10
In assessing learners’ L2
proficiency,it is important to
examine free as well as
controlledproduction.

12. Slides by PHUNG HUY EDU
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online version 1.0
INSTRUCTED SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
ProfessorR. Ellis
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