This document discusses several common skin conditions and infections, including their causes, symptoms, and treatment. It covers folliculitis, furuncles, cellulitis, pediculosis, scabies, dermatitis, acne, impetigo, warts, dermatophytosis, and types of burns. The causes typically involve bacterial or fungal infections. Symptoms vary depending on the condition but often include inflammation, redness, itching, pustules, and pain. Treatments involve antibiotics, antifungals, anti-parasitic medications, and procedures like cryotherapy. Good hygiene and avoiding irritants are also recommended.

1. BY- AHMED SODHA
M.Sc.(N)

3. FOLLICULITIS:-
IT IS DEFINED AS AN INFLAMMATION OF HAIR FOLLICLE.
FOLLICULITIS IS OCCUR MORE IN AREA OF MOISTURE,
RUBBING OR OIL IS MORE.
CAUSES:- STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS INFECTION
• POOR HYGIENE
• POOR NUTRITION
• TIGHT FABRICS
• MORE MOISTURE

4. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS:-
→ SMALL PUSTULES
→ ERYTHEMA
→ SLIGHT BURNING
→ ITCHING
→ MOSTLY FOUND ON EXTREMITIES, SCALP, FACE
TREATMENT:- ANTISTAPHYLOCOCCAL SOAP (HIBICLENS)
CLEANING OF AREA WITH WARM WATER

5. FURUNCLE/ BOILS

7. FURUNCLE ARE ALSO CALLED AS BOILS. IT IS ACUTE
INFLAMMATION OF ONE OR MORE HAIR FOLICLES AND
SPREADING INTO DERMIS.
CAUSES:- STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
C/M. :- RED PAINFUL NODULE 1-5 CM IN DIAMETER
AFTER FEW DAYS NODULE CHANGES INTO LARGE, PAINFUL,
NODULE AND PUS COLLECTION TAKING PLACE.

8. CELLULITIS

9. CELLULITIS IS DEFINED AS LOCALISED INFECTION OF DERMIS
AND SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.
CAUSES:- STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS & STREPTOCOCCI
C/M. :- FEVER,
 SWOLLEN LYMPH NODES
 ERYTHEMA
 PAIN
 TENDERNESS

10. MANAGEMENT:- ANTIBIOTICS
IMMOBILIZATION & ELEVATION OF CELLULITIS PART

11. PEDICULOSIS

12. PEDICULOSIS IS AN INFECTION OF LICE IN HAIR. LICE EATS
BLOOD OF THE HOST.
C/M. :- SKIN IRRITATION
SEVERE ITCHING
MANAGEMENT:- LICE SHAMPOO
LICE OIL
MELATHION LOTION (PRIODERM LOTION)

13. SCABIES

14. IT IS PARASITIC INFECTION CAUSED BY SARCOPTES SCABIEI
MITE .
C/M.:- RED BROWN LESSIONS (2mm)
ITCHING
DISCOMFORT
TREATMENT :-
 SCABICIDE LOTION (LINDANE)
BEFORE APPLICATION OF SCABICIDE LOTION, PATIENT HAS TO
TAKE WARM SOAPY BATH, THEN TO DRY THROUGHLY AND
ALLOW TO COOL.
 CROTAMITON CREAM

15. DERMATITIS/ECZEMA

16. IT IS INFLAMMATION OF SKIN CHARACTERIZED BY
ERYTHEMA ,PAIN & ITCHING.
TYPES:-
1) CONTACT DERMATITIS:- INFLAMMATORY REACTION OF THE
SKIN TO PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL AGENTS IS
CALLED AS CONTACT DERMATITIS.
2) ALLERGIC DERMATITIS:- IT OCCURS WHEN PERSON
EXPOSED TO ALLERGENS.
3) ATOPIC DERMATITIS :- IT IS RECURRENT INFLMMATORY
SKIN DISEASE CAUSE IS UNKNOWN.
C/M. :- RED SKIN, ERYTHEMA, SWELLING
ITCHING
BURNING SENSATION

17. MANAGEMENT:-
ANTIHISTAMINES
ANTIBIOTICS
TOPICAL ANTIBIOTICS Eg. BACITRACIN
AVOID DRYING OF SKIN
AVOID EXPOSURE TO ALLERGENS
AVOID RUBBING OF SKIN
USE MOISTURIZERS
USE ANTISEPTIC SOLUTION IN BATH

18. Acne vulgaris

19. ACNE VULGARIS IS DEFINED AS AN INFLAMMATION OF
PILOSEBACEOUS (HAIR & SEBACEOUS GLAND).
CAUSES:- EXCESSIVE SEBUM PRODUCTION
BACTERIAL INFECTION (PROPINOBACTERIUM)
HORMONAL CHANGES IN PUBERTY
DIET (JUNK FOOD & OILY FOOD)
C/M. :- PIMPLES (PUSTULES)
PAINFUL, PUS FILLED LUMPS BENEATH THE SURFACE OF THE
SKIN
BLACKHEADS
ERYTHEMA
REDNESS
ITCHING
IRRITATION

20. MANAGEMENT :-
BENZOYL PEROXIDE
RETINO-A TRETINOIN CREAM
GLYCO 6 GLYCOLIC ACID CREAM
AZELAIC ACID, SALICYLIC ACID
ANTIBIOTICS eg. ERYTHROMYCIN, TERTACYCLINE,
CLINDAMYCINE
CARE OF SKIN:-
APPLY CREAM ON DRY SKIN
AVOID FREQUENT FACE WASH
DON’T PEEL OUT SKIN
DON’T CHANGE SOAP FREQUENTLY
DON’T RUB SKIN

21. PRIMARY SKIN LESSIONS

25. IMPETIGO

26. IT IS SUPERFICIAL SKIN INFECTION CAUSED BY
STAPHYLOCOCCI.
CAUSES:- STAPHYLOCOCCI
POOR HYGIENE
SECONDARY TO PEDICULOSIS OR ECZEMA
TYPES:-
i. BULLOUS IMPETIGO :- FORMATION OF BULLAE.
ii. NON-BULLOUS IMPETIGO
C/M. :- RED MACULES, HONEY YELLOW CRUST,
ITCHING
IRRITATION
TREATMENT :- ORAL ANTIBIOTICS LIKE PENICILLIN &
ERYTHROMYCIN
TOPICAL OINTMENT LIKE MUPIROCIN

28. WART

29. A SMALL, FLESHY BUMP ON THE SKIN OR MUCOUS MEMBRANE
CAUSED BY HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS.
TYPES:-
a) COMMON WART- COMMONLY APPEAR ON FINGERS.
b) PLANTER WART- OCCUR ON BOTTOM SURFACE OF FOOT.
c) FLAT WART- FLAT LESION PRESENT ON FOREHEAD OR
DORSUM OF THE HAND.
d) GENITAL WART- OCCURS IN GENITAL AREA.
TREATMENT :-
• CRYOTHERAPY - FREEZING LIQUID, OFTEN NITROGEN, IS
SPRAYED ONTO THE WART, DESTROYING THE CELLS.
• SALICYLIC ACID CREAM OR GELS
• APPLYING MEDICATED BAND-AIDS CONTAIN SALICYLIC
ACID

30. DERMATOPHYTOSES
(TINEA/ RINGWORM INFECTION)

31. DERMATOPHYTOSES IS DEFINED AS SUPERFICIAL SKIN
INFECTION CAUSED BY FUNGI.
MODE OF TRANSMISSION:-
DIRECT CONTACT WITH INFECTED PERSON OR ANIMAL OR
USING ARTICLSES OR OBJECTS USED BY INFECTED PERSON
TYPES:-
a. TINEA PEDIS- IT IS FUNGAL INFECTION OF SOLES OF THE
FEET
b. TINEA CORPORIS- ITS AFFECT THE NECK, FACE , TRUNK &
EXTREMITIES.
c. TINEA CAPITIS- FUNGAL INFECTION OF SCALP.
d. TINEA CRURIS- ITS ALSO CALLED ‘JOCK ITCH’. FUNGAL
INFECTION OF GROINAREA, INNER THIGHS & BUTTOCKS.
e. TINEA UNGIUM- FUNGAL INFECTION OF TOE NAILS.

32. C/M.:- ERYTHEMA,
ITCHING
RING LIKE SHAPE OF LESIONS
SOMETIMES PUS WITH FOUL ODOUR
MANAGEMENT :-
TOPICAL ANTIFUNGAL CREAMS eg. CLOTXIMAZOLE,
MICONAZOLE
CLEAN AREA WITH KMnO4 SOLUTION
BENZOIC ACID CREAM
TOLNAFTATE LOTION
BUTENAFINE CREAM

39. TYPES OF BURNS
• Thermal
exposure to flame or a hot object
• Chemical
exposure to acid, alkali or organic substances
• Electrical
result from the conversion of electrical energy into heat. Extent
of injury depends on the type of current, the pathway of flow, local
tissue resistance, and duration of contact
• Radiation
result from radiant energy being transferred to the body resulting in
production of cellular toxins
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