A polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) acrylic sample cell using flow injection is developed in this research for the determination of nitrite in an aqueous media. The research focuses on exhibiting direct absorbance spectrophotometry of nitrite using concentration of samples ranging from 0.1078 to 1.725 ppm. Nitrite determination is done colorimetrically using the Greiss reagent method. This method is based on the reaction of nitrite with sulphanilamide acid and N-1-napthylamine (NED) utilizing diazo coupling, and a syringe is used to administer the nitrite solution. The sample cell being used possesses a diameter of 1
mm with an overall size of 7.35×22 mm2. To gauge the direct absorbance, a wavelength range from 400 to 650 nm has been selected for the testing, and the maximum absorbance is found to be at 545 nm. The validity of the proposed cell is explained in this letter.
Gel matrix dependence on the dose response properties and diffusion phenomena...inventionjournals
Fricke-gel dosimeters proved to be suitable tools to perform 3D radiotherapy pre-treatment dosimetry. The tissue equivalent gel matrix helpsto preserve the spatial information of the dose. Several gel matrices proved to be suitable for dosimetric purposes. The influence of the gel matrices on both system dose response and diffusion processwasinvestigated. Three gel matrices were considered: Gelatinfrom porcine skin, Agaroseand polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde(GTA). In these systems, Xylenol-Orange (XO), an iron(III)chelator, forms red-colored complexeswith Fe3+ that eases the optical determination of the dose. However, the dose evaluationresults to be affectedbydifferent XO-Fe3+ complexes that absorb at different wavelengths. In particular,this phenomenon influences the dose response, the calibration curveand the dose threshold.Therefore, a deeper study of the XO-Fe3+ speciation mechanism could lead to a more accurate evaluation of the dose. A novel procedure, based on a laser-beam irradiation, was implemented for the diffusion process evaluation. The diffusion coefficients were calculated for the three gel matrices tested. PVAmatrix proved to highly limit the diffusion with respect to the other matrices. Further investigations are needed to verify the influence of XO-Fe3+complexeson the diffusion phenomenon.
Gel matrix dependence on the dose response properties and diffusion phenomena...inventionjournals
Fricke-gel dosimeters proved to be suitable tools to perform 3D radiotherapy pre-treatment dosimetry. The tissue equivalent gel matrix helpsto preserve the spatial information of the dose. Several gel matrices proved to be suitable for dosimetric purposes. The influence of the gel matrices on both system dose response and diffusion processwasinvestigated. Three gel matrices were considered: Gelatinfrom porcine skin, Agaroseand polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde(GTA). In these systems, Xylenol-Orange (XO), an iron(III)chelator, forms red-colored complexeswith Fe3+ that eases the optical determination of the dose. However, the dose evaluationresults to be affectedbydifferent XO-Fe3+ complexes that absorb at different wavelengths. In particular,this phenomenon influences the dose response, the calibration curveand the dose threshold.Therefore, a deeper study of the XO-Fe3+ speciation mechanism could lead to a more accurate evaluation of the dose. A novel procedure, based on a laser-beam irradiation, was implemented for the diffusion process evaluation. The diffusion coefficients were calculated for the three gel matrices tested. PVAmatrix proved to highly limit the diffusion with respect to the other matrices. Further investigations are needed to verify the influence of XO-Fe3+complexeson the diffusion phenomenon.
Quality Measurements Using NIR/MIR Spectroscopy: A Rotten Apple Could Turn Yo...TechRentals
Light interacts with a product's organic molecules causing variations in light absorption. The transmitted or reflected light can be measured with a spectrometer and the resultant spectral signature used to qualify or quantify properties of the product. The discussion will include - how light interacts with molecules, characteristics of the different electromagnetic spectral bands, in-line hardware required to collect light, and fundamentals of chemometrics.
Presenter -- Gary Brown
Gary Brown is one of the principle engineers with Australian Innovative Engineering and has spent the last 12+ years developing in-line instrumentation using NIR spectroscopy to measure properties of fresh fruit. He is now concentrating his efforts in applying the technology for in-line product authentication for the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Biofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Aqueous Extract of Weaver An...BRNSS Publication Hub
Environment has created creative and well-designed ways for developing nanomaterials having intriguing properties. Nanotechnology is having hope to open new avenues to combat and avert diseases using atomic-level fabrication of materials. Herein, we demonstrate the fabrication of silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of weaver ant’s (Oecophylla smaragdina) nest and its characterization using valuable techniques such as ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy analysis. Cytotoxicity of newly synthesized silver nanoparticles was analyzed using the Vero cells. By analyzing the results critically, it is hypothesized that synthesis and stabilization of silver nanoparticles were achieved using the molecules present in the aqueous extract of O. smaragdina nest.
Nanoscale IR spectroscopy (AFM-IR Spectroscopy)bungasirisha
Nanoscale IR spectroscopy or AFM-IR spectroscopy is type of hyphenated techniques in the field of analytical chemistry where it is useful for both chemical and structural analysis of the compound with resolution at Nano level. It combines the advantages of the microscope with spectral characteristics of IR spectroscopy. We can Correlate microscopy with spectroscopy and can interpret the data to FTIR also.
Combination drugs containing Paracetamol and Aspirin, displayed in Figure 1, are widely used analgesics with anti-inflammatory properties for treatment of migraines. Both active ingredients have a similar mode of action, whereby they inhibit the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme, by preventing the production of prostaglandins which cause pain, inflammation, and fever. UV/Vis spectrometry is a fast and commonly used technique in quality control laboratories for routine analysis of purity and quantity of components within various stages of a product’s manufacture in many industries.
SP-ICP-MS Analysis of Size and Number Concentration in Mixtures of Monometall...PerkinElmer, Inc.
It is challenging to separate and measure the physical and chemical properties of monometallic and bimetallic engineered nanoparticles (NPs), especially when mixtures of NPs consist of particles of similar size, composition, and especially when present at low concentrations.
The measurement of uric acid based on the optical absorption at visible light spectrum is investigated and tested. Sensing in the visible region was conducted for determination of suitable wavelength that produces high sensitivity and accuracy performance based on the Beer-Lambert law calculation. In this work, the uric acid is detected by detecting sodium urate as a product of chemical reaction between uric acid with sodium hydroxide buffer. The setup has been tested for uric acid concentration ranging from 15 mg/dL to 85 mg/dL. Three wavelengths have been analyzed which are 460 nm, 525 nm and 630 nm. Measured data at 460nm wavelength exhibits the highest sensitivity, which is 0.0012 (mg/dL)-with 86.51% accuracy. Detection of uric acid at visible light spectrum offers a low-cost sensor based on visible LEDs and photodiode is possible to be realized.
Quality Measurements Using NIR/MIR Spectroscopy: A Rotten Apple Could Turn Yo...TechRentals
Light interacts with a product's organic molecules causing variations in light absorption. The transmitted or reflected light can be measured with a spectrometer and the resultant spectral signature used to qualify or quantify properties of the product. The discussion will include - how light interacts with molecules, characteristics of the different electromagnetic spectral bands, in-line hardware required to collect light, and fundamentals of chemometrics.
Presenter -- Gary Brown
Gary Brown is one of the principle engineers with Australian Innovative Engineering and has spent the last 12+ years developing in-line instrumentation using NIR spectroscopy to measure properties of fresh fruit. He is now concentrating his efforts in applying the technology for in-line product authentication for the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Biofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Aqueous Extract of Weaver An...BRNSS Publication Hub
Environment has created creative and well-designed ways for developing nanomaterials having intriguing properties. Nanotechnology is having hope to open new avenues to combat and avert diseases using atomic-level fabrication of materials. Herein, we demonstrate the fabrication of silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of weaver ant’s (Oecophylla smaragdina) nest and its characterization using valuable techniques such as ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy analysis. Cytotoxicity of newly synthesized silver nanoparticles was analyzed using the Vero cells. By analyzing the results critically, it is hypothesized that synthesis and stabilization of silver nanoparticles were achieved using the molecules present in the aqueous extract of O. smaragdina nest.
Nanoscale IR spectroscopy (AFM-IR Spectroscopy)bungasirisha
Nanoscale IR spectroscopy or AFM-IR spectroscopy is type of hyphenated techniques in the field of analytical chemistry where it is useful for both chemical and structural analysis of the compound with resolution at Nano level. It combines the advantages of the microscope with spectral characteristics of IR spectroscopy. We can Correlate microscopy with spectroscopy and can interpret the data to FTIR also.
Combination drugs containing Paracetamol and Aspirin, displayed in Figure 1, are widely used analgesics with anti-inflammatory properties for treatment of migraines. Both active ingredients have a similar mode of action, whereby they inhibit the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme, by preventing the production of prostaglandins which cause pain, inflammation, and fever. UV/Vis spectrometry is a fast and commonly used technique in quality control laboratories for routine analysis of purity and quantity of components within various stages of a product’s manufacture in many industries.
SP-ICP-MS Analysis of Size and Number Concentration in Mixtures of Monometall...PerkinElmer, Inc.
It is challenging to separate and measure the physical and chemical properties of monometallic and bimetallic engineered nanoparticles (NPs), especially when mixtures of NPs consist of particles of similar size, composition, and especially when present at low concentrations.
The measurement of uric acid based on the optical absorption at visible light spectrum is investigated and tested. Sensing in the visible region was conducted for determination of suitable wavelength that produces high sensitivity and accuracy performance based on the Beer-Lambert law calculation. In this work, the uric acid is detected by detecting sodium urate as a product of chemical reaction between uric acid with sodium hydroxide buffer. The setup has been tested for uric acid concentration ranging from 15 mg/dL to 85 mg/dL. Three wavelengths have been analyzed which are 460 nm, 525 nm and 630 nm. Measured data at 460nm wavelength exhibits the highest sensitivity, which is 0.0012 (mg/dL)-with 86.51% accuracy. Detection of uric acid at visible light spectrum offers a low-cost sensor based on visible LEDs and photodiode is possible to be realized.
The aim of the study is to establish new accurate
Turbidometrical measurement of Sickle Hemoglobin using
spectrophotometer instead of using naked eyes. Moreover, the
study aimed to find out the most suitable filter and reducing
reagent, which gives best result to improve the outcome of
Solubility test. The study also intended to find out correlation
between readings and previous transfusions as well as Jaundice.
The study was carried out in Khartoum state among patients
with sickle cell trait who were attending Khartoum educational
hospital, Gafer Ibn Aouf Clinic and STAC International Centre
Laboratory.
Forty, 26 female and 14 male patients were recruited for the
study. Of them, 34 were children and 6 were adults over 20 years
old. There were also 30 normal persons recruited as control
group for comparison.
Results showed that 600 Nanometer is the best filter, which
yielded highest light absorbance with significant statistical
difference, and Na Meta-bisulphite is the best reducing agent
because it produced turbidity more intense than Na Dithionate
reagent. There is no significant correlation between reading and
previous transfusion and jaundice. Therefore, the study
recommend to use Na Meta-bisulphite for processing blood
samples in Solubility test and to read the final reaction
(Turbidity) by spectrophotometer using 600 Nanometer filter.
Optimization of light source wavelength for ammonia detection in waterTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Optimization of light source wavelength for ammonia detection in surface water is presented in this work. For the ammonia detection, the surface water sample is mixed with sodium chloride and nessler reagent, whereas the sensor head consists of unclad plastic optical fiber. The unclad region has a length of 1 cm and the cladding is removed by immersing it in acetone solution. Experimental results indicate that the output light intensity of the sensor has linear relationship with the ammonia concentration. At the wavelength of 510 nm, the output light increases linearly as the ammonia concentration varies from 0.07 mg/L to 8.97 mg/L. At the same wavelength, the proposed sensor achieves the sensitivity of 0.0139 (mg/L)-1, accuracy of 99.59% and resolution of 0.72 µg/L. The analysis of light source wavelength reveals that a wavelength range from 450 nm to 580 nm produces the optimized performances. Within this wavelength range, the proposed sensor achieves sensitivity of higher than 0.01 (mg/L)-1, accuracy of higher than 99% and resolution of less than 1 µg/L.
FT-NIR as a real-time QC tool for polymer manufacturingGalaxy Scientific
Near infrared spectroscopy has been used widely in the polymer industry. Compared to traditional methods such as wet chemistry and chromatographic methods, NIR spectroscopy provides considerable advantages in process and quality control applications through fundamental benefits such as low to no cost of consumables such as solvents, columns, reagents; real time analysis - generally less than 10 seconds measurement time; multiple components per analysis; elimination of sample preparation time; and elimination of many sources of systematic error.
This presentation will present three FT-NIR polymer applications: 1) at line polyether polyols’ hydroxyl value analysis; 2) real time isocyanate number monitoring during a polyurethane reaction; and 3) off-line quality control of percentage styrene in styrene copolymers.
Polypyrrole/PZT Thermistor: An Effective pre-cursor towards sensor designIJERA Editor
Pristine Polypyrrole was prepared by employing inverse emulsion polymerization technique using
Methanesulfonic acid as a dopant and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) as a surfactant. Oxidizing agent used was
Potassium Persulfate. An attempt was made to formulate a Polypyrrole device by blending Polypyrrole with
Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) piezoceramic powder which showed characteristics akin to a Thermistor thereby
formulating its use as a pre-cursor to a temperature sensor upon Current vs. Voltage as well as Temperature vs.
Conductivity studies. Characterization studies of Polypyrrole/PZT blends using Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectra, Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies yielded satisfactory and confirmatory
results. Extensive conductivity studies were carried out from 298 K - 383 K and Conductivity as high as 3.97
S•cm-1 was obtained at a surfactant and dopant concentration of 9.0 g and 11.0 g respectively. Liquid Phase
Sintering of Ppy/PZT blends with Tin (Sn) metal powder offers exciting opportunity towards formulation of a
temperature sensor, the diffusivity studies of which are still underway.
Reagentless iron detection in water based on unclad fiber optical sensorTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
A simple and low-cost fiber based optical sensor for iron detection is demonstrated in this paper. The sensor head consist of an unclad optical fiber with the unclad length of 1 cm and it has a straight structure. Results obtained shows a linear relationship between the output light intensity and iron concentration, illustrating the functionality of this iron optical sensor. Based on the experimental results, the sensitivity and linearity are achieved at 0.0328/ppm and 0.9824 respectively at the wavelength of 690 nm. With the same wavelength, other performance parameters are also studied. Resolution and limit of detection (LOD) are found to be 0.3049 ppm and 0.0755 ppm correspondingly. This iron sensor is advantageous in that it does not require any reagent for detection, enabling it to be simpler and cost-effective in the implementation of the iron sensing.
The use of agrochemicals has increased considerably in recent years, and consequently, there has been increased exposure of ecosystems and human populations to these highly toxic compounds. The study and development of methodologies to detect these substances with greater sensitivity has become extremely relevant. This article describes, for the first time, the use of atomic force spectroscopy (AFS) in the detection of enzyme-inhibiting herbicides. A nanobiosensor based on an atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip functionalised with the acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme was developed and characterised. The herbicide metsulfuron-methyl, an ALS inhibitor, was successfully detected through the acquisition of force curves using this biosensor. The adhesion force values were considerably higher when the biosensor was used. An increase of ~250% was achieved relative to the adhesion force using an unfunctionalised AFM tip. This considerable increase was the result of a specific interaction between the enzyme and the herbicide, which was primarily responsible for the efficiency of the nanobiosensor. These results indicate that this methodology is promising for the detection of herbicides, pesticides, and other environmental contaminants.
Preparation and characterization of nimesulide loaded cellulose acetate hydro...Jing Zang
The aim of this study is to prepare nimesulide loaded cellulose acetate hydrogen phthalate nanoparticles by salting out technique. In this study Cellulose acetate Hydrogen phthalate was taken as polymer. Nimesulide was selected as a model drug. This technique is suitable for drugs and polymers that are soluble in polar solvents such as acetone or ethanol. The effect of drug concentration and polymer concentration on nanoparticle size, shape, uniform size distribution and stability was studied. Nanoparticles were evaluated for particle size, zetapotential and particle size distribution. Size of the particle was measured by SEM.(Scanning electron microscope).Surface charge and stability of the resultant nanoparticles was determined by Zetasizer. Particle size distribution was determined by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS) with a Malvern Zetasizer Nano-ZS. The cellulose acetate hydrogen phthalate concentration and nimesulide concentration was varied from 5mg/ml to 10 mg/ml. The effect of drug and polymer concentrations on nanoparticle size, shape, particle size distribution was studied. Increased drug concentration has no impact on the particle size. The size of the particle was found to be decreased with increased polymer concentration. Increased polymer concentration has resulted in uniform particle size distribution. Higher the polymer concentrations and lower the drug concentrations resulted in uniform particle size distribution.
Buku Antena dan Propagasi Gelombang merupakan buku pengantar yang disajikan untuk perguruan tinggi dan pemerhati bidang antena dan propagasi gelombang. Buku ini juga disertai pembahasan beberapa soal - soal sebagai latihan bagi mahasiswa dan peneliti lainnya. Pada pada jilid ke satu ini, topik pembahasan pada buku ini masih terbatas pada dasar antena, efisiensi antena, dasar saluran transmisi antena, polarisasi antena, penyetaraan luas antena, persamaan jarak dan bagian melintang pada radar, penentuan medan radiasi serta antena kawat.
MZ Relesase 1.0 merupakan aplikasi membuat pola radiasi yang dihasilkan dari data yang dikeluarkan oleh perangkat EMC. Bentuk pola radiasi yang dibentuk adalah 3-dimensi dengan menggunakan metode pemindaian silinder yang ada pada perangkat anechoic chamber FRANKONIA. Perangkat lunak ini dibuat bersama - sama oleh Ridwan Montezari dan Ir. Harry Ramza, MT dari Teknik Elektro - Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. HAMKA, Jakarta serta Dr. Ir. R. Harry Arjadi, M.Sc dari Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Standar, Mutu dan Teknologi Pengujian, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Serpong, Indonesia.
Sertifikat Hak Cipta Buku Perancangan Papan Rangkaian TercetakHarry Ramza
Sertfikat Hak Cipta Buku dengan Judul "Perancangan Papan Rangkaian Tercetak".
Penulis : Ir. Harry Ramza, MT, PhD dan Oman Triwantoko, ST
Penerbit : UHAMKA Press, Jakarta
No Permohonan : EC00201847899
Tanggal Permohonan : 2 Oktober 2018
Buku Teknik Pemograman Menggunakan Matlab merupakan panduan dasar bagi mahasiswa yang akan mempelajari pemrograman MATLAB tingkat dasar. Buku ini berisi modul - modul disertai latihan dalam pembuatan coding program MATLAB. Buku disusun berbentuk modul praktikum pemrograman serta disediakan lembaran latihan sebagai lembar penilaian praktikum bagi mahasiswa tersebut.
Jurnal Fikiran Masyarakat (Volume. 4 No. 2, 2016)Harry Ramza
Jurnal Fikiran Masyarakat (JFM) ialah jurnal yang terbit dua kaili dalam setahun, dimulai pada januari sampai dengan Juni, dan Juli sampai dengan Desember. Penerbitan jurnal tidak mengikuti waktu yang telah ditetapkan, akan tetapi disesuaikan dengan tulisan yang masuk ke redaksi jurnal JFM. Jurnal JFM terbit secara on-line, serta penerbitan secara tercetak akan dikirimkan sesuiai dengan permintaan penulis. Dalam penerbitan JFM, setiap penulis akan menerima berkas tulisan secara tercetak sebanyak 10 eksemplar apabila makalah telah dinyatakan "diterima" untuk diterbitkan. Dalam penerbitan secara on-line, penulis - penulis (jika lebih dari satu penulis) diwajibkan mengisi surat pernyataan Hak Cipta yang telah ditanda tangani secara digital.
Penulis hendaklah mengikuti aturan penulisan yang telah ditetapkan penerbit, apabila terjadi ketidaksesuaian dalam penulisan maka editor berhak untuk mengembalikan tulisan tersebut kepada penulis atau ditolak untuk ditelaah oleh tim panelis yang ditetapkan oleh penerbit. Apabila terjadi penerbitan secara ganda atau telah diterbitkan kepada penerbit lain, maka penerbit Kemala Indonesia berhak untuk menghapus / menghilangkan nama penulis didalam daftar penerbitan. Tuntutan hukum dari pihak yang mengajukan keberatan atas makalah yang telah diterbitkan akan ditanggung oleh penulis yang teecantum pada makalah tersebut. Penerbit Kemala Indonesia akan memberikan surat bantahan hukum atas makalah secara terbuka.
Dalam tata cara penulisan, penulis diwajibkan menjelaskan kutipan, isi kutipan dan sumber kutipan secara bijaksana dan jelas. Serta menjunjung tinggi etika keilmuan dalam mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan yang berguna bagi masyarakat banyak. Penjelasan kutipan dapat dituliskan dalam daftar rujukan yang telah ditetapkan oleh penerbit. Tata cara pengkutipan dapat menggunakan perangkat lunak ENDNOTE atau sejenisnya.
Jurnal Fikiran Masyarakat (Volume. 4 No. 1, 2016)Harry Ramza
Jurnal Fikiran Masyarakat (JFM) ialah jurnal yang terbit dua kaili dalam setahun, dimulai pada januari sampai dengan Juni, dan Juli sampai dengan Desember. Penerbitan jurnal tidak mengikuti waktu yang telah ditetapkan, akan tetapi disesuaikan dengan tulisan yang masuk ke redaksi jurnal JFM. Jurnal JFM terbit secara on-line, serta penerbitan secara tercetak akan dikirimkan sesuiai dengan permintaan penulis. Dalam penerbitan JFM, setiap penulis akan menerima berkas tulisan secara tercetak sebanyak 10 eksemplar apabila makalah telah dinyatakan "diterima" untuk diterbitkan. Dalam penerbitan secara on-line, penulis - penulis (jika lebih dari satu penulis) diwajibkan mengisi surat pernyataan Hak Cipta yang telah ditanda tangani secara digital.
Penulis hendaklah mengikuti aturan penulisan yang telah ditetapkan penerbit, apabila terjadi ketidaksesuaian dalam penulisan maka editor berhak untuk mengembalikan tulisan tersebut kepada penulis atau ditolak untuk ditelaah oleh tim panelis yang ditetapkan oleh penerbit. Apabila terjadi penerbitan secara ganda atau telah diterbitkan kepada penerbit lain, maka penerbit Kemala Indonesia berhak untuk menghapus / menghilangkan nama penulis didalam daftar penerbitan. Tuntutan hukum dari pihak yang mengajukan keberatan atas makalah yang telah diterbitkan akan ditanggung oleh penulis yang teecantum pada makalah tersebut. Penerbit Kemala Indonesia akan memberikan surat bantahan hukum atas makalah secara terbuka.
Dalam tata cara penulisan, penulis diwajibkan menjelaskan kutipan, isi kutipan dan sumber kutipan secara bijaksana dan jelas. Serta menjunjung tinggi etika keilmuan dalam mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan yang berguna bagi masyarakat banyak. Penjelasan kutipan dapat dituliskan dalam daftar rujukan yang telah ditetapkan oleh penerbit. Tata cara pengkutipan dapat menggunakan perangkat lunak ENDNOTE atau sejenisnya.
Pers Statement International Conference on Multidisciplinary Academic (ICMA 2...Harry Ramza
Indonesian Student Association (PPI) - Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) with the support of Education Affairs - Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia, Kuala Lumpur, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Titiwangsa Education Foundation - Kuala Lumpur, Yayasan Ikatan Rakyat Malaysia Indonesia and Ikatan Cendekiawan Minangkabau Malaysia (Minangkabau Scholars Association of Malaysia) were held an "International Conference on Academic Multidisciplinary 2015 for Society Development".
Berkas Permohonan Hak Cipta MZ - Release 1.0Harry Ramza
Arsip ini adalah permohonan yang diajukan ke Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia, Republik Indonesia. Perangkat lunak ini dirancang untuk melihat grafik 3 dimensi dari hasil pengukuran yang didapat dari alat deteksi EM. Metode pengambilan data dilakukan melalui menghubungkan data statis yang diambil dari perangkat detektor tersebut.
Rencana Kerja Strategis Fakultas TeknikUniversitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. HAMKAHarry Ramza
(Tanggal 29 Maret 2017 di Ruang Rapat Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis – UHAMKA, Pertemuan Badan Pembina Harian, Rektorat dengan Calon Dekan Fakultas Teknik)
Diaspora Adat dan Kekerabatan Alam Minangkabau: Sebuah kepelbagaian kajian pe...Harry Ramza
Pada mulanya Ikatan Cendekiawan Minangkabau Malaysia (ICMM) digagaskan dan diucapkan oleh Sjaftin Ruli Bin Laimin kerana kerap kali melihat kampung leluhur. Hasil kunjungan pada 20hb Agustus 2013 di Surau Jorong Guguk Koto Aur, Pinang Namuang, Koto Tangah, Tilatang Kamang, Kabupaten Agam, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia yang memunculkan sebuah idea mengenai perkara ini. Masalah sosial yang berlaku dalam masyarakat pada kampung tersebut ialah tidak terlaksana aktifiti–aktifiti sosial kerana kewangan yang tidak mencukupi, sehingga tidak boleh membayar elaun guru mengaji dan gharin Surau. Akibat daripada keadaan ini, beberapa surau terkunci. Oleh kerana itu, aktiviti dakwah Islamiyah tidak berjalan seperti yang diharapkan. Kita dapat membayangkan keberkesanan daripada ketiadaan dakwah Islamiyah yang semakin menurun dalam masyarakat Minangkabau di Sumatera Barat. Melihat kondisi yang terjadi di kampung halaman ini, maka mucul gagasan untuk memanggil rakan-rakan sekampung serantau untuk duduk bersama dan berhimpun dalam suatu kumpulan. Satu kelab yang merupakan para cendekiawan yang cerdik pandai dan telah pun matang dalam idea dan pengalaman berbagai solusi untuk membenahi kampung halaman. Kelab inilah kelak dinamakan Ikatan Cendekiawan Minangkabau Malaysia (ICMM).
Dengan terucapnya gagasan untuk menghimpun masyarakat Minangkabau yang sekarang ini berada di Malaysia, maka satu lembaga amanah zakat independen perlulah diwujudkan untuk merealisasikan segala perancangan, harapan dan cita-cita ICMM di Sumatera Barat. Bukan hanya untuk menyokong gerak kerja ICMM, lembaga amanah zakat ini akan menjadi kekuatan untuk segala permasalahan sosial, budaya dan agama. Lembaga ini kemudian digagaskan dengan nama Lembaga Amanah Minangkabau Malaysia (LAMM). Lembaga amanah zakat LAMM kemudian akan mencontohi konsep dan kaedah Lembaga Tabung Haji Malaysia. Cara pengurusannya pula akan mengikut Lembaga Zakat Selangor yang bersesuaian untuk diterapkan di Selangor. Penubuhan ini hanya terdiri daripada beberapa orang rantau yang berasal dari kampung tersebut; antara lain Sjaftin Ruli Bin Laimin (daripada Kuala Lumpur), Indra (dari Jakarta), Niza (dari Padang). Dari pemikiran dan langkah kerja awal inilah muncul pemikiran membawa idea ini ke Malaysia untuk penubuhan dan kerja lebih besar dan lebih luas.
Opening Speech ICMA 2015 by President of PPI-UKM 2014 - 2015Harry Ramza
Opening Speech International Conference on Multidisciplinary Academic 2015 at Berjaya Hotel Kuala Lumpur 28 April 2015 by Ir. Harry Ramza, MT (President of PPI - UKM).
Presentasi Ketua Departemen Dana dan Usaha, PPI - UKM Periode 2014 - 2015Harry Ramza
Presentasi laporan departemen ini disampaikan oleh Ketua Departemen, Saudari Aurora Trimasidy, sesuai dengan kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh departemen yang bersangkutan
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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1. COL 12(4), 043002(2014) CHINESE OPTICS LETTERS April 10, 2014
Simple design flow injection PMMA acrylic sample cell for
nitrite determination
Faizar Abdurrahman, Norhana Arsad∗
, Sabiran, and Harry Ramza
Department of Electrical, Electronic and System Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and
Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600, UKM-Bangi,
Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
∗
Corresponding author: norhana@eng.ukm.my
Received December 4, 2013; accepted March 5, 2014; posted online April 4, 2014
A polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) acrylic sample cell using flow injection is developed in this research
for the determination of nitrite in an aqueous media. The research focuses on exhibiting direct absorbance
spectrophotometry of nitrite using concentration of samples ranging from 0.1078 to 1.725 ppm. Nitrite
determination is done colorimetrically using the Greiss reagent method. This method is based on the
reaction of nitrite with sulphanilamide acid and N-1-napthylamine (NED) utilizing diazo coupling, and a
syringe is used to administer the nitrite solution. The sample cell being used possesses a diameter of 1
mm with an overall size of 7.35×22 mm2
. To gauge the direct absorbance, a wavelength range from 400
to 650 nm has been selected for the testing, and the maximum absorbance is found to be at 545 nm. The
validity of the proposed cell is explained in this letter.
OCIS codes: 300.1030, 280.4788, 120.0120.
doi: 10.3788/COL201412.043002.
Nitrites (NO2) are natural inorganic ions, which are a
part of the nitrogen cycle and are omnipresent within
the environment. These ions also exist in preservatives,
fertilizers, and can act as a meat curing agents[1,2]
. The
threshold exposure limit for the level of nitrite in drinking
water is 45 µg·mL−1[3]
. Precise measurement of nitrite
compound is needed for great practical significance and
fast determination of nitrite content in every related
product must be done rapidly using the appropriate
methods[4]
.
Overconsumption of nitrites that are found in food or
water can be harmful to the metabolic system because
they can cause methemoglobinemia, a situation where
exogenous oxidizing drugs, including nitrite, reduce the
carrying capacity of haemoglobin to carry oxygen[5,6]
.
Nitrites can also damage the nervous system, spleen
liver, and cause cancerous tumours[2]
. Ensafi et al.[7]
previously reported that the formation of N-nitroso com-
pound as a result of the reaction between nitrite and
secondary amines, is known to be carcinogenic, tetrato-
genic or mutagenic.
Numerous researches have been conducted to find
the most sensitive, effective, and rapid methods to
detect and determine the concentration of nitrite, in-
cluding electrochemical[8]
, capillary electrophoresis.[9]
,
chromatography[10]
, spectroscopic[11,12]
and test strip
sensor[13]
. However these methods own several major dis-
advantages such that they are time consuming, heavily
dependant on sophisticated equipments and skilled ex-
pertise, and are unsuitable for real time applications[14]
.
The most common process used in determining
nitrites is based on reduction of nitrates into ni-
trites using various reagents such as cadmium[15]
,
phosphomolybdenum[16]
and titanium III chloride[4]
, fol-
lowed by Griess reagent reaction to detect the presence of
nitrite compound, and using spectrophotometric method
for measurement.
The application of optical sensors for the detection of
nitrite is proven to offer satisfactory results based on
previous researches. This method has noticeably high
sensitivity and selectivity while being relatively easy to
handle[7]
Many researches have began to employ op-
tical sensing integrated with flow injection for nitrite
determination[17]
.
Plastic optical fibre (POF) is a popular choice for the
application[18,19]
as a chemical sensor for the determina-
tion of cations and anions due to its excellent sensitivity
and ease of fabrication[14]
. POF also has low fragility as
compared to other types of fibre, the material used in
the fibre structure is solid and non toxic, plus POF only
needs low power in order to operate, making it biocom-
patible with the human body. Hence, POF is chosen as
the sensor to detect nitrites in this research.
Polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) is a type of poly-
mer material that is well utilized usually for the construc-
tion of a fibre optic body. However in this experiment
PMMA is employed as a sample cell due to its compat-
ibility with organic material, while taking advantage of
the material’s break- resistant option, lower density of
1195 Kg·m−3
as compared to silica, and low weight to
assist in the flow injection set up for the determination
of nitrite within aqueous media[20]
.
Flow injection analysis has been employed as an anal-
ysis method for many years, which has been properly
recorded. This form of analysis is done by injecting the
analyte into the reaction zone and the analyte will flow
through the point of detection. Any changes in absorp-
tion, electrical capacity or any other physical parameters
can be detected by the movements of the analyte in the
flow[16,21]
. The advantages of using flow injection include
accuracy, rapidity, and it only requires a small amount
of sample for the measurement[17]
.
The nitrite sample was prepared by diluting 0.0138
gram of sodium nitrite with 200 ml of deionised water
1671-7694/2014/043002(3) 043002-1 c 2014 Chinese Optics Letters
2. COL 12(4), 043002(2014) CHINESE OPTICS LETTERS April 10, 2014
to yield 5 samples with different concentration: 1.725,
0.8625, 0.4132, 0.2156, and 0.1078 ppm. These solu-
tions underwent the colorimetric Griess reagent reaction
process by diluting 1 mL of each sample with 1 ml sul-
phanilamide solution, producing 1% concentration in 5
% acid. Then, 1mL of 0.1% N-1 napthylamine (NED) is
added and each solution is incubated at room tempera-
ture for 10 minutes.
The flow injection using PMMA sample cell was de-
veloped in this experiment. The sample cell would be
utilized to carry out absorbance spectroscopy. It has a
square geometry with two holes for SMA connectors and
a 1-mm diameter hole for injecting the solution, pumped
through a small pipe using a syringe to the detection
area.
The experimental setup of flow injection using PMMA
as the sample cell for nitrite determination is presented in
Fig. 1. A unit of ultraviolet-visible-near-infred (UV-VIS-
NIR) light source (DH-2000-BAL, Ocean Optics, USA)
with deuterium and halogen power input was used as the
light source. A 364-element CCD array Toshiba detector
acted as the receiver and was connected together with
an optical spectrometer (Model HR 4000, Ocean Optics,
USA) for the purpose of spectral measurement. Light
propagated through the sample using a POF with a di-
ameter of 1 µm. A SMA connector was used to couple
the fibre to the sample cell, through which the solution
was injected to the sample cell using a syringe.
The absorption spectrum coefficients of the different
nitrite samples are shown in Fig. 2. It shows the ab-
sorption of nitrite at various levels of concentrations in
the wavelength range of 400–650 nm. The maximum
absorbance was observed at 545 nm because nitrite ions
reacting to sulfanilamide under acidic conditions to form
diazonium cations in acidic solution[22]
. According to
previous research, reaction of nitrite ion diazotizing with
colorimetric method for nitrite determination will be de-
tected at range from 540 to 545 nm[23]
due to sequence
of this research presence of nitrite can be detected in
small amount. The light couple directly without any
media that is preclude direct interaction between the
light and nitrite. So that as depicted in Fig. 2, the
amount of absorption increases with increasing concen-
tration of nitrite samples. The sensor system showed
good advantage because of the following two factors.
Firstly, the direct interaction between nitrite and light
without any hindrance of sample cell during nitrite mea-
surement. Secondly, the small diameter of cell could
efficiently reduce the nitrite sample dispersion and sim-
plify sample displacement to the interaction spot and
generate absorbance with colorimetry method leading to
improvement system and response time. This sample cell
proposed to replace the conventional cuvette that’s used
for nitrite determination in direct absorbance.
Figure 3 shows that the absorbance varies linearly with
the concentration of nitrite. According to Beer–Lambert
law, absorbance increases in a direct proportional fash-
ion with the level of nitrite. The calibration curve is an
alternative form of plotting the dispersion of the sample
concentration versus absorption in the targeted wave-
length. The calibration curve illustrates the linear line
and allows for the calculation of the correlation regres-
sion coefficient. It can be seen that the dispersion plot
does not deviate far from the linear plot line, with sim-
ilar regression balancing the two parts of the upper and
lower lines looking almost linear. Five concentration lev-
els (ranged between 0.1078 and 1.725 ppm) were used
to build the calibration line. The entire experiment was
then repeated three times for each concentration. This
Fig. 1. Experimental setup of flow injection. a: broad band
light source; b: syringe; c: nitrite sample container; d: sam-
ple cell; e: polymer optical fiber; f: optical spectrometer; g:
computer.
Fig. 2. (Color online) Absorbtion spectra of the presence of
nitrite in aquous media: (a) 1.725, (b) 0.8625, (c) 0.43125,
(d) 0.2156, and (e) 0.1078 ppm.
Fig. 3. (Color online) Calibration curve of nitrite concentra-
tion versus maximum absorbance.
043002-2
3. COL 12(4), 043002(2014) CHINESE OPTICS LETTERS April 10, 2014
Table 1. Optical Characteristic of Nitrite
Parameters Unit Characteristic
Colour – Purple
λmax nm 545
Beer Law Range μg·ml−1
25–1.5625
Molar Absorptivity LMol−1
·cm−1
1.7620
Table 2. Regression Equation of Experiment
Regression Equationa
y=0.2538x+0.0479
Correlation Coefficient 0.9902
Slope (a) 0.2538
Intercept 0.0479
subsequent process then yielded a linear calibration equa-
tion of y = 0.2538x + 0.0479. y-axis represents the max-
imum absorbance result, while x-axis represents the con-
centration, with a correlation coefficient of R =0.9902.
As indicated in Table 1, the nitrite sample gave out a
purple colour due to diazo coupling as a result of using
Griess reagent reaction to form colorimetric. The max-
imum absorbance was found at the wavelength of 545
nm, and the molar absorptivity was found to be 1.7620
LMol−1
·cm−1
.
The correlation coefficient of 0.9902 from Fig. 3 and
Table 2 shows a strong linear correlation coefficient with
the value approaching, dictating an almost linear trend.
Therefore, it can be said that the sensor used in this
experiment almost obey the Beer-Lambert law with only
a small deviation. The intercept of the regression line
and the slope of the line are at 0.4252 and 0.3074, re-
spectively.
In conclusion, we design and develope a flow injection
analysis setup using PMMA acrylic as the sample cell
for sensitive measurement of nitrite in aqueous media,
having the sample concentration ranging from 0.1078 to
1.725 ppm. This sample cell is found to be sensitive in de-
termining the amount of nitrite at lower concentrations.
The utilization of PMMA as the sample cell is an accu-
rate decision since this material is compatible with or-
ganic material. A broad band light source and a HR4000
spectrometer are used as the power source for this exper-
iment. The obtained results successfully demonstrate the
effectiveness of flow injection with acrylic sample cell for
nitrite compound measurement in water, with the setup
displays good sensitivity. This reveals the potentiality of
the system for measuring nitrite concentration in drink-
ing water and for monitoring water quality in wells and
sewage system.
The authors would like to thank University Ke-
bangsaan Malaysia (UKM) and the Ministry of Higher
Education of Malaysia for the support and grant un-
der ERGS/1/2012/TK02/UKM/02/6. The authors are
grateful to IMEN Photonics Laboratory for the facilities
to carry out the research.
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