Sigmund Freud proposed psychoanalysis which focuses on the unconscious mind and repressed desires from childhood influencing behavior. His psychosexual stages, defense mechanisms, and structure of mind including the id, ego and superego have contributed to understanding human behavior but lack scientific evidence and may not apply to all cultures. Alfred Adler's individual psychology focuses on how life experiences shape one's views and inferiority complexes. His ideas on birth order and striving for perfection provide insights although not all are universally applicable. Carl Rogers' humanistic theory of self-actualization emphasizes fulfilling needs and developing one's identity through positive regard. His client-centered therapy has been successful although it does not consider unconscious influences and lacks scientific proof

1. RIMSHA AROOJ
(L1F19BSSY0027)
TOP ASSIGNMENT:
SIGMUND FREUD:
His hypothesis chiefly comprising of psychoanalysis, discusses the premise of
human practices and character for the most part that depends upon unconscious mind and oblivious
psyche. It is this part of our brain that by implication influences because of curbed dim, dark
thoughts and musings of childhood. Freud further fosters his exploration around a definitive
"libido" that is the drive or sexual energy that outcomes in definitive activities, we continue on
with life, unconsciously. His always famous psychosexual stages, defense mechanism , structure
of mind (conscious. Pre conscious, and unconscious), drives (ID, EGO, SUPER EGO), dream
interpretations; the entirety of this falling under his psychoanalytic methodology which has its own
qualities and shortcomings. Underneath we'll examine some of Freudian hypothesis' shortcomings
and qualities:
Shortcomings:
• Freud's psychoanalytic examination is the work done on patients of Freud going through various
dysfunctional behaviors consequently, putting a stop on comprehensive methodology of his
exploration since its hard to justify such ends over individuals with no psychological illness.
• The examination enormously needs scientific or objective research making it undeniably more
hard to test its authenticity and generalizability.
• He based activity's primary reason over the fulfillment of libido, which could not be right as
indicated by numerous different scholars, one may play out a demonstration to arrive at satisfaction
or flawlessness and not only because of sexual energy.
• His fantasy examination dependent on stifled or dark memories, for the most part to satisfy
treacherous desires could not be right as no appropriate support is given, hence it can't be applied
to each person with same technique or investigation.
Qualities:
• Freud through his scandalous safeguard systems have contributed to a great extent to the manner
in which individuals act or behave when confronted with trouble and how one's childhood
memories affect they we see or act.
• His free affiliation strategy to arrive at the unconscious mind is presently utilized by current
psychologist from multiple points of view to treat individuals in misery.
• The clarification of ID, EGO, SUPEREGO and conscious mind is making adjusts till date because
of their authentic nature and accuracy of how one's cravings and delight looking for reactions can
be studied .
Authenticity and social perspectives:
Freud has consistently discussed intrinsic cravings and exploitative necessities of a
rational person that he needs to satisfy in a manner that isn't destructive for the world or the

2. individual himself. This idea itself is true enough since it puts us people as the incomparable
objective creatures affected by profound quality and how we take out our most profound curbed
memories in manners satisfactory for the general public.
In Pakistani culture, the perspective behind ID, conscience and superego is applicable since
individuals here are impacted by ethical quality because of the act of Islam and will in general
track down a center route through inner self to satisfy their longings. Likewise, the thought behind
Oedipus and Electra complex is to some degree relevant. For instance, young men in Pakistani
society may search for a young lady with same qualities as their mom. Further, the displacement
of a definitive male with control over weak ladies because of stress from outside the house is a
typical marvel (domestic violence ), offering space to Freud’s guard instruments in our way of life.
Thus numerous social angles fall under the Freudian hypothesis.
ALFRED ADLER:
His hypothesis has columns dependent on individualization. His fundamental spotlight was on how
various encounters shapes person's view of that specific demonstration or events. Adler proposed
depictions on inferiority and superiority complexes, idea of fictional finalizing or how birth request
portrays a person's interpretation of life and his perspectives.
Qualities:
• The hypothesis not at all like Freud’s is relevant on singular individuals and doesn't restrict
individuals under one clarification consequently is genuine and comprehensive in nature.
• Many suppositions about individuals taking a stab at flawlessness to improve as an individual as
opposed to zeroing in on a solitary longing of sex is an accomplishment in itself.
• He additionally discussed social interests and how a general public develops for improvement
and satisfaction dissimilar to numerous different scholars.
Shortcomings:
• Adler's fundamental spotlight on birth request isn't appropriate to a solitary kid since deviations
can be seen in group environments.
• Adler's discussion about natural innate desire for perfection is under shade since counter
arguments discuss an individual's will to be acknowledged or valued by the general public because
of which his shapes his demonstrations and mentalities.
• Adler gave little significance to social impact, rather had confidence in our individual insight
about it; that misses the mark under the discussion of nature versus nature and furthermore faces
criticism from behaviorists that shape our practices because of ecological encounters.
Authenticity and social viewpoints:
Adler's scandalous birth request hypothesis is relatable and valid as explored through numerous
investigations on kin's practices and perspectives. Individuals do have feelings of inadequacy when
they do not have certain formative necessities. The drive to accomplish a point is without a doubt
right since individuals do get spurred with such inner drives of accomplishing perfection and arrive
at extreme degrees of satisfaction like Sir Syed Ahmed khan, who adapted up to his feeling of

3. inadequacy of not clever enough and made incredible commitments towards the partition of
Pakistan.
Socially, Pakistan is enormously impacted by the possibility of fictional finalizing where religion
and attempts to carry out great and good deeds to enter Jannat is a feature of social application.
The feeling of inadequacy a kid faces when entering a commonsense world is found in the tip top
groups of Pakistan who spoil their kids excessively a lot. Young ladies in Pakistan face feeling of
inadequacy due to not being genuinely amazing enough as guys of this general public.
CARL ROGER:
Self-realization hypothesis is the point of convergence of carl roger's examination on his customers
and patients. As per him, one takes a stab at realization by satisfying their necessities and impacts
by the climate. Further the improvement of one's character in early age through sure or negative
respects.
Qualities:
• Carl rogers center around self-completion and how climate, watchman's mentality shapes one's
conduct and perceptions .
• Client focused treatment has been an extraordinary accomplishment since it spins around the
individual and his interpretation of life as opposed to the specialist assuming responsibility for the
meetings.
• His hypothesis is humanistic and positive subsequently upholds the cutting edge focal point of
brain science on energy.
• Abraham Maslow’s order of necessities and carl roger's self-completion are comparable and in
the long run coming to the qualities of self-actualizers is one of the principle qualities
Shortcomings:
• Its too certain with respect to the negativity this world faces and respects everybody under a
similar umbrella of arriving at satisfaction and inspiration henceforth over-looks the negative side
of individuals.
• It doesn't have experimental or logical proof henceforth is hard to put together all contentions
with respect to just emotional exploration.
• Since it completely disregards the possibility of oblivious brain, the secret impacts on human
conduct are side-lined thus making it dubious to simply check the cognizant action of the
personalities
Authenticity and social viewpoints:
The fundamental real component of this scholars is the emphasis on sure respect and natural
impacts that shapes one fortunate or unfortunate disposition towards specific demonstrations or
mentalities, the examination stands bona fide since customer focused treatment has driven out
numerous investigates and effective acts of analysts towards a more certain methodology by giving
no space to pre-judgment by the specialist. The attributes proposed for completely working people
are an extraordinary feature of carl roger's investigation for instance journalists like "manto" were

4. for sure completely working individuals with innovative and unconstrained personalities and
receptiveness to a wide range of encounters with no peril to their self-idea. Thus the examination
stands real on many footing as I would like to think.
Pakistani society is upset because of the incredible arrangement of incongruency. Individuals here
are uninformed of the genuine selves and their encounters. For instance, the man centric culture of
Pakistan is well known enough subsequently any ladies/men awkward with such convictions and
practices may confront tension or pain adding to the incongruence given via carl rogers. The way
that guardians show lot of contingent respect to their kids in Pakistan, subsequently the decisions
and biases that are for the most part from the climate, creates in the youngsters inherently as well.
Pakistani kids (working class society) do understand the significance of worth of certain
demonstration subsequently follows it as needs be.