Si S Waste Heat And Distributed Energy White 2007
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This document discusses waste heat and distributed energy generation. It notes that large centralized power plants currently supply most customers, but distributed generation near points of use could avoid about 50% of energy bills. New distributed generators range from 0.5-5MW in size. Waste heat is a necessary revenue stream as gas is expensive. Research into waste heat includes nanoscale materials, catalysts, thermal design, heat transport and conversion applications like cooling, desalination and industrial processes. An example trigeneration project at Hornsby City Library uses a microturbine and desiccant cooling to reduce CO2 emissions. Organic Rankine cycles and thermoelectric power generation are also discussed as future opportunities.
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Power Generation In Pakistan
Pakistan faces a major electricity crisis as demand is growing at 9% annually while supply is only increasing at 7%. Thermal power generates 65% of electricity, hydel 33%, and nuclear 2%. Reasons for the crisis include liquidity issues at WAPDA, decreased generation at KESC, opposition to the Kalabagh Dam project, and theft of electricity. The government is pursuing alternatives like solar, wind, and biomass to boost renewable energy and address the crisis. The Alternative Energy Development Board is working on various pilot renewable projects across Pakistan to develop these resources and improve the energy situation.
Power system in pakistan
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM IN PAKISTAN , including power generation, transmission, and distribution, and consumer around the Pakistan
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- 1. Waste Heat & Distributed Energy Stephen White Waste Heat Stream Leader 7 th February, 2007
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- 3. “ Distributed” generation avoids 50% of your bill (IPART, 1999) Retailer 10% Wholesale 40% Transmission 10% Distribution 40%
- 4. New distributed power generators 0.5 – 3 kW 5 – 50 kW 30 – 500 kW 5kW – 5MW 30kW – 2MW up to 3 kW Typical Size 10-25% Stirling/ Rankine engines 35-55% Fuel cells 20-35% Microturbine 25-40% Reciprocating engines Renewable Wind turbine Renewable Solar photovoltaic/ thermal Efficiency Type
- 5. Heat from distributed generation is useful
- 6. But gas is expensive too - Waste heat is a necessary extra revenue stream Average domestic house (4500kWh) Generator electrical efficiency = 30% Assumed 100% waste heat utilisation South Australia Victoria New South Wales
- 10. Trigeneration system during construction
- 11. Desiccant system model validation Enthalpy removed from the fresh supply air stream Simulated Measured
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- 15. Progress in the challenge
- 16. What could the future look like ?
- 17. Thank You Energy Technology Distributed Energy Name Stephen White Title Waste Heat Stream Leader Phone +61 2 4960 6070 Email [email_address] Web www.csiro.au Contact CSIRO Phone 1300 363 400 +61 3 9545 2176 Email [email_address] Web www.csiro.au