The document discusses several techniques for providing shrink proof and durable press finishes to cellulosic fabrics, including ultra high pressure treatment, corona discharge treatment, foam finishing, zero/zero compressive shrinkage finishing, plasma processing, and nano-care finishing. These techniques can reduce shrinkage, improve wrinkle resistance, and increase the durability of finishes through mechanical or chemical means. The finishes provided by these techniques allow for end uses such as activewear, sportswear, uniforms, and home and commercial textiles.

1. Shrinkage
Finishing
(Cellulosic Fabric)
PRESENTED BY:
DILIP SINGH
KUMAR SARVESH
RAJEEV SHARAN
DFT(AP-06)

2. Shrink Proof Finishing Technique
using Ultra High Pressure
Woven & knitted fabrics

3. Shrink Proof Finishing Technique using Ultra
High Pressure
• “Due to the various problems of the environmental
pollution, new techniques were examined as the
method to decrease of the dyestuff and chemical
agent in the dyeing and finishing processes.”

4. Shrink Proof Finishing Technique using Ultra
High Pressure
• The technique of shrink proof finishing to the
cellulosic fibre was investigated using high pressure
over 100MPa.
• The shrink of cellulosic fibre was controlled by high
pressure treatment.
• Furthermore, owing to adding urea and thiourea, the
ratio of shrink was reduced to half values.

5. Shrink Proof Finishing Technique using Ultra
High Pressure
• The results of evaluation concerning to
comfortableness property and handling property of
fabric showed that the water vapour permeability of
fabric was little affected by the high pressure
treatment and the handling properties based on pure
bending and shearing stresses was affected by the
high pressure treatment.

6. Shrink Proof Finishing Technique using Ultra
High Pressure
Wet processing technology
• the fabrics are pressurized with the help of high
pressure water streams.
DEGREE OF PERMANANCE
• Durable finish.
END USES
• Active wears, sports wears and functional wears

7. Shrink Proof Finishing Technique using Ultra
High Pressure
PROCESS
• The mechanical members (high pressure water jets)
come into contact with the textile piece and, during
such contact, modify the structure that said piece had
either after weaving or knitting or possibly after the
finished article has been made, most often by a
relative displacement of the yarns constituting the
piece, or of the discontinuous fibres or continuous
filaments constituting said yarns.

8. Corona Discharge
Woven fabrics

9. Corona Discharge
• Dry processing technique
• Can withstand up to 30 washing cycles.
PROCESS
• Corona treatment consists on the application of an
electrical discharge of high voltage (around 10.000 V)
through air between two electrodes, using frequencies
around 40 kHz, at normal atmospheric temperature
and pressure, on dry cotton fabric.

10. Corona Discharge

11. Corona Discharge
• Cotton Fabrics that treated with corona discharge
have less shrinkage level exposed to washing process
than untreated. Shrinkage in weft section is higher
than warp. With respect to same structural
characteristics of warp and weft yarns, above
difference referred to conditions in weaving processes
and finally synthesis. By increasing of irradiation
(passage round), the shrinkage decreased after
washing.

12. Corona Discharge

13. Foam Finishing
Woven fabrics

14. Foam Finishing
• A wet-processing technology which uses air instead of
water as the primary diluents has been developed.
• The foam process is currently used in plants for
shrinkage control, durable-press finishing, and
softener application to a variety of cotton and
polyester/cotton blend fabrics.

15. Foam Finishing
PROCESS
• The process consists of mechanically foaming a
suitably formulated finish or dye formulation and
then applying the foam to textile fabrics. Collapse of
the foam distributes the finish on the substrate.
• The fabric is then subjected to conventional drying
and fixing operations.

16. Foam Finishing
DEGREE OF PERMANANCE
• Durable finish
ADVANTAGES
• The main advantage of the foam process resides in the substantial
energy savings achievable in the drying of fabrics due to the
replacement of water with air in the finish.
• In addition, in certain cases line speeds have been doubled.
END USES
• Active wears, casual wears, sports wears and
functional wears

17. Zero/Zero finish
Compressive shrinkage- Woven fabrics

18. Zero/Zero finish
• During spinning, weaving, bleaching, dyeing and
various finishing processes, yarns and fabric are under
a continuous tension.
• The process is Controlled Compressive Shrinkage and
also known it as SANFORIZED.
• The process is a purely mechanical treatment without
any addition of chemicals.

19. Zero/Zero finish
• The process is a purely
mechanical treatment
without any addition of
chemicals.
• The amount of potential
wash shrinkage must be
determined prior to
shrinking.

20. Zero/Zero finish
• A full width sample is wash-tested according to the test
method
• After the lengthwise and widthwise shrinkage has been
determined, the compressive shrinkage machine can be
adjusted accordingly

21. Plasma Processing
Woven & knitted fabrics

22. Plasma Processing
• Surface-sensitive method that allows selective
modification in the nm-range.
• By introducing energy into a gas, quasi-neutral
plasma can be generated consisting of neutral
particles, electrically charged particles and highly
reactive radicals.

23. Plasma Processing
PRINCIPLE
• The plasma atmosphere consist of free electrons,
radicals, ions, UV-radiation and a lot of different
excited particle in dependence of the used gas.
Different reactive species in the plasma chamber with
the substrate surface. Cleaning, modifications or
coating occurs dependent of the used parameter.

24. Plasma Processing
Wet processing technique.
• The plasma treatment is efficient only on a level of the
first surface layer, no damage to the physical
properties intrinsic to the textile are noticed.
• DEGREE OF PERMANENCE
• Effects of this plasma treatment on surfaces are
significant and uniform along the length and width,
and they last a long time.

25. Plasma Processing
PROCESS
• Textile to be functionalized is placed in a reaction
chamber with any gas and the plasma is then
ignited, the generated particles interact with the
surface of the textile.
• A gas (air, oxygen, nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide and
so on), injected inside a reactor at a pressure of
approximately 0.5 mbar, is ionised by the presence of
two electrodes between which is a high-frequency
electric field.

26. Plasma Processing
PROCESS
• The need to create the vacuum is justified by the
necessity to obtain a so-called cold plasma with a
temperature no higher than 80 C. This, with the same
energy content that can be reached at atmospheric
pressure at a temperature of some thousands of degrees
C, permits the treatment of fabrics even with a low
melting point such as polypropylene and polyethylene,
without causing any form of damage.

27. Plasma Processing
PROCESS
• In this way the surface is specifically
structured, chemically functionalized or even coated
with nm-thin film depending on the type of
gas, simultaneously filling the gaps between the
structure/construction of the fabric, and control of the
process.

28. Plasma Processing
END USES
• It follows from the very interesting applications of the
plasma treatment that also applications of nonwovens
have become apparent, having a destination of use
among other things in air and liquid filtering,
synthetic leather, cloths, artificial limbs, biomedical
and protective wear, footwear and sportswear.

29. Plasma Processing
a) A nonwoven substrate before plasma treatment
b)The same nonwoven substrate after plasma treatment

30. Plasma Processing

31. Nano-Care
Woven fabrics

32. Nano-Care
• Technology that brings
about an entirely
carefree fabric with
shrink proof, wrinkle
resistant, water and stain
repellent properties,
intended for use in
cellulosic fibers such as
cotton and linen

33. Nano-Care
DEGREE OF PERMANANCE
• Permanent finish.
END USES
• men’s, women’s and children’s trousers, active
wear, uniform, shirting and business attire.
• residential and commercial interiors industry
ranging from mattress fabrics to stadium seating