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Sensation and attention
- 1. AMRITA SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURALSCIENCES SENSATION AND ATTENTION BY TO BASKAR S DR.SIVARAJ P HANS THOMAS GEORGE 19AEX-101
- 2. SENSATION • Sensation refersto awareness of stimulus. • Sensation is derived from the latin word “sensus” which means sensing something. • Sensation is a process that allows our brain to take information from environment through our five senses.
- 3. FIVE SENSES • Vision(seeing) - Eye • Taste - Tongue (sweet, sour,bitter) • Touch (physical) - Skin • Auditory - Ear (hearing) • Smell - Nose (fragrance,odour)
- 5. ATTRIBUTES OF SENSATION •Quality : distinguishes one sensation from other.It is generic (light and sound)and specific (red,blue). • Localization : sensing pressure over different areas over skin
- 6. ATTRIBUTES Intensity :differentiationin quality of sensation. Duration :sensing time. Extensity : quality which permits the perception of space or size. Changes :stimulation(shifts our sensation)
- 7. MECHANISM OF SENSATION Transmissionof information from sense organs to nervous system. Energy senses (energy gather in the form of light, sound waves) Visual (eye) Auditory (ear) Tactual (skin)
- 8. Chemical senses Chemicalsubstances in the form liquid and gas. Olfactory (nose) Coustatory (tongue) Organic (stomach and the back of throat) Balance & Position senses Vestibular (semicircular canals and otoliths) Kinesthetic (muscles and joints)
- 9. SENSORY THRESHOLD Sensorythreshold is the level of strength a stimulus must reach to be detected. Three types of sensory threshold Absolute threshold ( the lowest level of strength necessary for detection)
- 10. Terminal threshold(the highest level of strength in which individual is not able to detect it) Difference threshold (the level where in individual is able to make a difference in magnitude of two stimuli)
- 11. Attention Ross (1951) Attentionis the process of getting an object clearly in mind Ability to focus on a selected stimuli, sustaining that focus, shifting it at will and ability to concentrate.
- 12. Meaning Attention isactive part of consciousness. Attention is not possible in the absence of consciousness, but attention and consciousness are not one. The field of consciousness is vast and attention one of its parts. For example I am reading at this time. Book , note , table, chair etc., all this can be under my consciousness, but my attention is on the words being read on the paper.
- 13. . NATURE Attention isfocusing of consciousness on a particular object. Attention is constantly shifting or changeable. Attention is selective. Attention is a mental process. Attention is a state of preparedness or alertness. Attention has narrow range or span.
- 14. Types Of Attention 1.Selective attention-it takes place when we block out certain features of our environment and focus one particular feature. 2. Divided attention- it takes place when we are paying attention to two things at once. 3. Sustained attention-it takes place when one can concentrate on one task for a prolonged period of time. 4. Executive attention-it is the ability of one to focus and to monitor his progress towards a particular goal of his.
- 15. Factors Related ToAttention Attention depends upon several factors. It is of two types: 1. External 2. Internal
- 16. Internal Factors Interest:we are interested in some things and disinterested in other things obviously our attention is drawn to our interested things Desire: a person desires becomes a cause of paying attention to a thing Habit: it is also a vital determinant of attention.
- 17. External Factors Size:Size has effect on attention. It is natural that a very big object or very small size attracts our attention compared with our normal size. Intensity: loud sounds, strong smells and deep colour are attractive in nature Movement: moving things draws our attention more than stationary one. Repetition: if a thing or person or event is repeated several times, then our attention is drawn to it.
- 18. Shifting of attention Attention shifts from one thing to another very rapidly Example: Average time of attention 10-20 min then continue
- 19. Span Of Attention How many numbers or digits we could see at a glance . At an a single attention (focus), our ability to memorise or remember. For example, two wheeler numbers are in 4 digits TN 48 CF 2345.
- 20. REFERENCES ddroylec.blogspot.com www.alleydog.com Advanced educational psychology-S.K.Mangal www.study.com
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