The document discusses emasculation and pollination techniques for redgram, including manually removing anthers from female flowers, collecting pollen from male flowers before anthesis, and immediately dusting the pollen on the stigma of the emasculated female flower. It also outlines the stages of pod and seed development after pollination and provides details on maintaining records and calculating pollination success.

1. FUNDAMENTALS OF PLANT BREEDING
3(2+1)
EMASCULATION AND POLLINATION
TECHNIQUES IN REDGRAM
BY TO
BASKAR S Dr.DHIVYAPRIYA D
BATCH-’A’ Asst.Prof.
CB.AG.U4AGR19018 19GPB201

2. RED GRAM
DESCRIPTION
 Common name : Pigeon pea
 Family : Fabaceae
 Scientific name : Cajanus cajan
 Chromosome number : 2n=22
FLORAL DESCRIPTION
 Bisexual and self pollinated flower
(closer proximity & simultaneous
maturity of stigma and anther).
But, natural cross pollination also
often takes place by insects (honey
bees).

3. FLORAL MORPHOLOGY

4. EMASCULATION & POLLINATION
Emasculation is a artificial hybridization technique in
which anthers or stamens are removed from one plant and
pollens are collected from other desirable plant and then
pollination (dusting of collected pollen) should be done.
HAND EMASCULATION
 Select one or two days latter opened large flower.
 Remove the petals and anthers or stamens from female
parent by using forceps.

5. POLLEN COLLECTION
 Remove the corolla and collect pollen from the male
parent (bud) before anthesis.
Pollen viability
VIABLE IN BUD REFRIGIRATOR
Temperature 25-28˚C 10˚C
Relative humidity 50% 37%
Time 42hrs 11 days

6. POLLINATION
Pollinate the pollen on stigma of emasculated flower by
using brush.
 Pollination should be done immediately after emasculation.
 Bag the pollinated flower to prevent out crossing and tag it
for identification.

7. POD DEVELOPMENT
A week after pollination the pods become visible.
STAGES DAYS
complete their development 15-20 days
seed attains physiological maturity 30-35 days
ready for harvest 40 days
Maintenance of records
Female parent
 Male parent
Date of emasculation and pollination
Number of buds emasculated and pollinated
Number of buds with pod formation (after a week)
Number of pods matured and harvested.

8. POLLINATION SUCCESS
Flowers fertilized (%) = (No. of pod harvested x 100)/
No. of buds pollinated
HARVESTING AND STORAGE
Seed is harvested at physiological maturity 30-35 days
after pollination. It should be dried to a low moisture
content (about 6%) and stored in fully labelled containers
indicating parentage , season, and year of crossing.

9. REFERENCES
 www.researchgate.com
 www.agrimoon.com
http://plantbreeding.coe.uga.edu/index.php?title=
19._Pollination_Techniques
http://oar.icrisat.org/2415/1/Genetics-breeding-
pigeonpea.pdf