This document discusses seismic response prediction of concrete arch dams. It begins with an introduction to arch dams, describing their curved shape and suitability for narrow valleys. It then discusses various classifications of arch dams based on thickness ratios and structural heights. The document reviews literature on dynamic analysis of arch dams, noting factors like reservoir boundaries, water compressibility, and dam-foundation interaction. It provides an example of the Idukki Dam in Kerala, India, the first arch dam built in the country. Finite element modeling is mentioned as a tool for seismic response prediction of concrete arch dams.

1. SESMIC RESPONSE PREDICTION
OF CONCRETE ARCH DAM
Manish Sharma Dr. Md.Imteyaz Ansari
M.tech student Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
110025

2. CONTENTS
❖ Introduction
❖ Purposes
❖ Classifications
❖ Literature Review
❖ Modeling
❖ References

3. INTRODUCTION
❖ Dam is a solid barrier constructed at a
suitable location across a river valley to
store flowing water.
❖ A dam is a structure which prevents the
flow of water and accumulates it in a
reservoir.
❖ A barrier constructed across a waterway to
control the flow or raise the level of water.

4. PURPOSES
1. Flood control
2. Drinking and domestic water supply
3. Irrigation
4. Industrial water supply
5. Hydroelectric energy production
6. Retention and control of sediments
7. Inland navigation
8. Improvement of water quality
9. Fish Farming
10. Recreation facilities

5. ARCH DAM
❖ An arch dam is curved in plan, with its convexity towards the
upstream side. They transfers the water pressure and other forces
mainly
❖ An arch dam is quite suitable for narrow canyons with strong
flanks.
❖ The section of an arch dam is approximately triangular like a
gravity dam but the section is comparatively thinner.
❖ An arch dam is most suitable for narrow gorges.
❖ Since they are thinner than any other dam type, they require much
less construction material, making them economical and practical
in remote areas.
❖ The foundation or abutments for an arch dam must be very stable
and proportionate to the concrete. To the abutments by arch action.

7. Katse_ Dam
prevstill Dam.

8. CLASSIFICATION
Classified based on the ratio of the base
thickness to the structural height (b/h) as:
❖ Thin, -less than 0.2,
❖ Medium-thick, -between 0.2 and 0.3,
❖ Thick, -over 0.3.
Classified with respect to their structural height
are:[
❖ Low dams - up to 30
❖ Medium high dams - between 30–91 m
❖ High dams - over 91 m

9. There are two basic designs for an arch
dam: –
❖ Constant radius arch dams :- Radius of
curvature throughout the structure is constant
and upstream face is vertical.
❖ Variable-radius dams:- Which have both
upstream and downstream curves that
systematically decrease in radius below the
crest.
A dam that is double-curved in both its
horizontal and vertical planes may be called a
dome dam.

10. IDUKKI DAM, KERALA- FIRST ARCH DAM IN
INDIA
➢ Location:- Idukki, Kerala, India
➢ Purpose:- Power Generation, Flood Control
➢ Type of Dam:- Concrete, double curvature parabolic, thin arch.
➢ Height :- 168.91 m (554ft)
➢ Length :- 365.85 m (1,200ft)
➢ Dam volume:- 450,000 m3 (16,000,000cuft)
➢ Spillways:- Nil
➢ Reservoir Total capacity:- 1,996×106 m3 (1,618,184acre·ft)
➢ Active capacity :- 1,459×106 m3 (1,182,831acre·ft)
➢ Inactive capacity: - 536×106 m3 (434,542acre·ft)
➢ Catchment Area:- 649.3 km2 (251sqmi)
➢ Surface area :- 60 km2 (23sqmi)
➢ Normal elevation :- 732.62 km2 (283sqmi)
➢ Installed capacity:- 780 MW

11. IDUKKI DAM, KERALA

12. DIFFERENT PARAMETERS TO BECONSIDERED IN THE
DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF ARCH DAM:-
❖Semi- unbounded size of reservoir.
❖ Foundation rock domains.
❖ Dam-water interaction.
❖ Wave absorption at the reservoir boundary.
❖ Water compressibility.
❖ Dam-foundation rock interaction.
❖ Variations in ground motion at dam-rock
interface.
❖ Material non-linearity.

13. DAM WATER INTERACTION
❖ Hydro dynamic effects are generally
important in the response of arch dam so
more than for gravity dams.
❖ Tensile stress in dam due to upstream
ground motion are more than doubled when
hydro dynamics effect are included.

14. RESERVOIR BOUNDARY ABSORPTION
❖ Partial absorption of hydrodynamic pressure
waves by the sediments invariably deposited at
the reservoir bottom and sides, or even by rock
underlying the reservoir.
❖ In general, assuming a non absorptive (rigid)
reservoir boundary leads to an unrealistically
large response for dam with impounding water,
practically due to vertical and cross stream
ground motion.

15. WATER COMPRESSIBILITY
❖ Westegards classical formula for the added
hydrodynamic mass, commonly used in dynamics
analysis of dam.
❖ Water compressibility would be significant in the
response most concrete dams because ( Es) is
generally much higher and ( f res. / f dam) is
corresponding smaller.

16. DAM–FOUNDATION ROCK INTERACTION
❖ In standard FEM foundation rock is assumed to
be mass-less .
❖ In which only flexibility is considered but inertial
and damping effect are ignored, is popular
because the foundation impedance matrix
(Frequency –dependent stiffness matrix) is very
difficult to determine.

17. LITERATURE REVIEW
➢ Anil K.Chopra ,2008–identified the limitations of the traditional design
procedures, the factors that should be considered in the dynamic analysis
are discussed, and procedures for earthquake response history analysis
are summarized.
➢ M. A. Hariri-Ardebili et al,2011- Reservoir fluctuation effects on seismic
response of concrete arch dams are investigated. Structure nonlinearity is originated
from material nonlinearity due to tensile cracking and compression crushing of mass
concrete .
➢ Violeta Mircevska atal.,2014- The magnitudes of the hydrodynamic pressures at the
dam-fluid interface depend on the amount of energy transmitted to the fluid by the
vibration of the reservoir boundaries. Although the reservoir topology can have a
considerable impact on the amount of generated energy.

18. LITERATURE REVIEW
➢ Feng and Wei.et.al.,2014- A comparative study on the performance
and ultimate bearing capacity of dams. A set of safety factors was
presented with regard to dam heel cracks and the ultimate bearing
capacity of a high arch dam.
➢ Masterarbeit .,2016- Developed a software based calculation of the
3D coordinates of double curved arch dams . To calculate these 3D
coordinates, it is possible to determine the geometry of double curved
arch dams and modify it for optimization purposes.
➢ Gao lin and shichun chi.,2017 - feasibility study of vibration control
systems applied to massive structure, a 292m high arch dam was
carried out. Seismic analyses of the arch dam including nonlinear
behavior of joint movements demonstrate, that installation of
viscoelastic dampers in the contraction joints can reduce the maximum
tensile stresses at major part of the dam to a great extent.

19. FINITE ELEMENT MODEL

20. REFERENCES
❖ Chopra, A. K., and Wang, J.-T. (2008). “Analysis and response of concrete arch
dams including dam-water foundation rock interaction to spatially varying
ground motions.”
❖ Varshney, R. S., Hydro Power Structures
❖ Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dam
❖ http://www.idk.kerala.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id
=85 & Itemed=58
❖ Akköse, M., Bayraktar, A., and Dumanoğlu, A. A. (2016). “Reservoir water
level effects on nonlinear dynamic response of arch dams.” J. Fluids Struct.,
24(3), 418–435.
❖ M .A. Lotfollahi Yaghin and M.A. Hesari, “Dynamic Analysis of arch concrete
dam under Earthquake force with ABAQUS”, Journal of applied sciences
8:26482658,2008

21. THANK YOU!!!