The Semantic Web is an extension of the World Wide Web, envisioned by Tim Berners-Lee, the inventor of the World Wide Web. Its core goal is to enable machines to understand the meaning (semantics) of information on the web, rather than just processing it as linked documents. Machine-Readability: It aims to transform the web into a "web of data" where information is structured and annotated in a way that allows machines to interpret its meaning and relationships. Standards and Technologies: It relies on standards set by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), such as the Resource Description Framework (RDF) and Web Ontology Language (OWL). RDF provides a framework for defining metadata, while OWL is used to formally represent ontologies, which describe concepts, relationships, and categories within a domain. Data Interoperability: By providing common data formats and exchange protocols, the Semantic Web facilitates the integration and combination of data from diverse sources, enabling seamless sharing and reuse of information across applications and systems. Enhanced Information Retrieval and Reasoning: The embedded semantics allow for more intelligent information retrieval, enabling systems to understand user queries in context and provide more relevant results. It also supports reasoning over data, allowing machines to infer new information based on existing relationships. Applications: Semantic Web technologies underpin various applications, including knowledge graphs, recommendation systems, and semantic search engines, leading to more intelligent and context-aware AI systems. Semantic Web is an extension to the World Wide Web. The purpose of the semantic web is to provide structure to the web and data in general. It emphasizes on representing a web of data instead of web of documents. It allows computers to intelligently search, combine and process the web content based on the meaning that the content has. Three main models of the semantic web are: Building models Computing with Knowledge Exchanging Information Building Models: Model is a simplified version or description of certain aspects of the real-time entities. Model gathers information which is useful for the understanding of the particular domain. Computing Knowledge: Conclusions can be obtained from the knowledge present. Example: If two sentences are given as 'John is the son of Harry' and another sentence given is- 'Hary's father is Joey', then the knowledge that can be computed from it is - 'John is the grandson of Joey' Similarly, another example useful in the understanding of computing knowledge is- 'All A is B' and 'All B is C', then the conclusion that can be drawn from it is - 'All A are C' respectively. Exchanging Information: It is an important aspect. Various communication protocols have been implemented for the exchange of information like the TCP/IP, HTML, WWW. Web Services have also been used for the exchange of the data. The technologies associated with the semantic web

1. SEMINAR
SEMANTIC WEB
Submitted by,
Anjaly sunilkumar

2. CONTENTS
• ABSTRACT
•INTRODUCTION
•HISTORY
•SEMANTIC WEB
•WEB ONTOLOGY LANGUAGES
•SEMANTICS WEB vs XML
•EXAMPLE
•ADVANTAGES
•CONCLUSION

3. ABSTRACT
Semantic web is a concept that enables
better machine processing of information On the
web,by structuring documents written for the web
in such a way that they become understandable
by machines. This can be used for creating more
complex applications (Intelligent browsers ,more
advanced web agents),global databases with
the data from the web,reuse of information,etc.
Semantic modeling languages like the

4. Resource Description Framework (RDF) and
topic maps employ XML syntax to achieve this
objective.
New tools exploit cross domain
vocabularies to automatically extract and
relate the meta information in a new
context,web ontology languages like
DAML+OIL entend RDF with richer modeling
primitives and provides a technological basis to
enable the semantic web. These concept are
explained through examples and case studies.

5. Finally, the logic languages for semantic web
are described ( which build on the top of RDF
and ontology languages). They , together with
digital signatures, enable a web of trust, which
will have levels of trust for its resources and for
the rights of access, and will enable generating
proofs for the actions and resources on the
Web.

6. INTRODUCTION
• The semantic web represents the next major
evolution in connecting information.
•It enables data to be linked from a source to
any other source and to be understood by
computers so that they can perform
increasingly spohisticated tasks on our behalf.
•This lesson will introduce the semantic web,

7. Putting it in the context of both the evolution
of the World Wide Web as we know it today as
well as data management in
general,particularly in large corporation.

8. HISTORY
•1969 : Paper Semantic information processing
by ROSS QUILLIAL
•1980s : CYC and WordNet
• mid to late 1990s : TIM BERNERS-LEE coins the
term semantic web
• Today : dbpedia : 1.2m triples

9. SEMANTIC
Semantics is related to the word “syntax”
But
Syntax is how to say something and semantics
is the meaning behind what you say

10. WEB
• The web is a system of interlinked documents
accessed via the internet
• Computers use network protocols to
communicate in networks
• Web browsers use HTTP to communicate with
web servers

11. SEMANTIC WEB
Semantic web technologies enables the
people to create data stores on the web,build
vocabularies and write rules for handling data.

12. WHAT IS IT ABOUT?
• Allowing machines to understand data
• Ease to sharing and mixing data
• Extend the World Wide Web rather than
replace it

13. figure: Semantic web

14. THE BASIS OF SEMANTIC WEB
Representation

15. IT’S ALL ABOUT RESOURCES
• Extensive use of URLs ( and most often URLs)
• (Almost) everything is a URL
Example :
http://infusion . Com/ people /
tpluskiewicz

16. REPRESENTING THE DATA

17. RESOURCE DESCRIPTION
FORMAT (RDF)
• Facts and relations organized in triples
• Triples mimic natural language sentences
• Graphical representation is a directed graph
*for example,
my name is Tomasz pluskiewicz
my age is 26
l work for PGS software

19. WEB ONTOLOGY
LANGUAGE
• It is a programming language
• Ontology is about the exact description of
things and their relationship
• For the web, Ontology is about the exact
description of web information and
relationship between web information

20. COMMON ONTOLOGIES
•Friend to friend
• Dublic core
•SIOC
•SKOS
•Geonames
•BIBO

21. SPECIALIZED ONTOLOGIES
• Gene ontology
• GOLD (General O. for Linguistic Description)
•Foundational model of Anatomy
• Good relations
• Lexvo

22. STORING AND PUBLISHING

23. STORING IN RELATIONAL
DATABASES
• Mapping tables to triples:
* D2RQ
*R2RML
* Ultrawrap
• Using RDBMS with RDF built-in capabilities:
* Oracle 11g
*IBM DB2
*Jena SDB
*Virtuouso

24. PUBLISHING DATA EASILY
• Embedding semantic markup in HTML
* Microformats
* Microdata
* RDFa
• Directly publishing RDF documents

25. QUERYING THE SEMANTIC WEB

26. PUBLISHING QUERYABLE DATA
• SPARQL protocol and RDF Query Language
• Remove queries through SPARQL Endpoints
• SPARQL 1.1 features :
* ASK,SELECT,DESCRIBE,CONSTRUCT
* Aggregates
* Federated queries
* Extensibility,X-path,Subqueries

27. • SPARQL Update
SPARQL example:
SPARQL + rules = SPIN

28. SEMANTIC WEB VS XML

29. Semantic web (RDF) XML
• Data representation (model) • Data serialization ( syntax )
• Graph • Tree
• Xsd and Xpath • Xsd and Xpath
• URL identifiers • No built-in identifiers

30. AN EXAMPLE TO UNDERSTAND
THE SEMANTIC WEB
•Suppose, you want to watch a movie and
grab something to eat
•You like an action movie and Italianfood
•Now, you perform a search for movie theaters
and restaurants
•In this phenomenon, you spend half an hour
doing the planning

31. •THIS IS HOW THINGS WORK TODAY
•The next generation of the web will change
HOW THINGS WORKS
semantic web will make search task
faster and easier by making searches more
personalized
As:
You could enter“ I want to watch an action
movie and then want to have a dinner at an
Italian restaurant ”.

32. And, the semantic web will display the result
for you.
The semantic web will act as a
Personal Assistant

33. ADVANTAGED
•Semantic web will make search faster and
easier
•Semantic web will make searches, more
personalized
•Semantic web browser will act as a personal
Assistant

34. CONCLUSION
The semantic web is an initiative that aims at
improving the current state of the World Wide
Web

35. THANK YOU