Self defense
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
1 like•345 views
This document discusses self-defense mechanisms in several different taxa. It describes camouflage, mimicry, alarm call systems, biting and pinching used by walking sticks, mantis shrimp, surgeonfish, and vervet monkeys. For molluscs, defenses include hard shells, retracting into shells, camouflage, toxins, and regeneration. Echinoderms use spikes, regeneration of limbs, expelling toxic guts and mucus, and hiding under shells and rocks.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
animalkingdom
The document classifies and describes different types of animals. It divides animals into invertebrates, which lack backbones, and vertebrates, which have backbones. Invertebrates include protozoa, annelids, arthropods like insects and crustaceans, echinoderms, and mollusks. Vertebrates include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, and primates like humans. Within these groups it describes characteristics of common animals such as starfish, earthworms, spiders, whales, and mice.
Invertibrates
The document describes the classification of various invertebrate phyla, including Annelida, Arthropoda, Echinoderm, and Hemichordate. It outlines the main classes within each phylum along with their key characteristics, such as body structure, habitat, and reproductive features. Examples are provided for some classes. The phyla are compared in terms of their segmented bodies, exoskeletons, body sections, and other distinguishing anatomical traits.
Amphibians 10-8 miryana bedros yuliya
Amphibians are a class of vertebrate animals that live both on land and in water. They have moist skin, four limbs, undergo metamorphosis from an aquatic larval stage to a terrestrial adult stage, and include frogs, salamanders and caecilians. The largest orders are Anura (frogs), Urodela (salamanders), and Gymnophiona (legless caecilians). Amphibians play an important role in ecosystems and some species are used in medical research.
Mimicry and Camouflage
Animals use mimicry and camouflage for survival and protection. Mimicry involves resembling another species to avoid predators or capture prey. Camouflage allows animals to blend into their surroundings and hide from predators and prey by matching colors and textures. Both mimicry and camouflage work well because animals learn to avoid or are hesitant to attack dangerous looking species, and camouflage makes animals nearly invisible to others.
14. class reptilia (bachinilla)
The document discusses the class Reptilia, or reptiles. It describes reptiles as the first vertebrates to lay amniotic eggs, which allow for terrestrial reproduction by maintaining an aquatic environment for the embryo. Reptiles have skin adapted for prevention of water loss, lungs for breathing air, and three-chambered hearts with two circulatory pathways. Their adaptations have allowed reptiles to thrive on land despite being ectothermic.
Introduction to Animals
This document provides an introduction to invertebrates and vertebrates. It discusses the main groups of invertebrates including sponges, cnidarians, worms, mollusks, arthropods, and echinoderms. It then covers the key characteristics of chordates and vertebrates, including having a notochord, nerve cord, and throat pouches. It differentiates between ectotherms and endotherms based on temperature regulation. The document also discusses fast felines like cheetahs and how their body structure and muscles enable incredible speed. Finally, it covers how skeletons and muscles work together to support, protect, and enable animal movement.
Reptilia bobby
This document summarizes characteristics of reptiles and provides details on three orders of reptiles: Testudines (turtles, tortoises, terrapins), Squamata (lizards, snakes), and Crocodilia (crocodiles, alligators, caimans). Reptiles are cold-blooded vertebrates that breathe with lungs, lay eggs, and have scales. Turtles have a hard shell fused to their backbone and flippers instead of legs. Tortoises live on land while terrapins live near water. Squamata includes lizards, which shed skin in patches, and snakes, which shed in one piece. Crocodilia can regulate temperature and care for young.
Reptile notes: Notes on Class Reptilia and Orders Crocodilia, Testudines, Sq...
Notes on Class Reptilia and Orders Crocodilia, Testudines, Squamata, and Sphenodontia, with visual comparison of venomous snakes in NC
Recommended
animalkingdom
The document classifies and describes different types of animals. It divides animals into invertebrates, which lack backbones, and vertebrates, which have backbones. Invertebrates include protozoa, annelids, arthropods like insects and crustaceans, echinoderms, and mollusks. Vertebrates include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, and primates like humans. Within these groups it describes characteristics of common animals such as starfish, earthworms, spiders, whales, and mice.
Invertibrates
The document describes the classification of various invertebrate phyla, including Annelida, Arthropoda, Echinoderm, and Hemichordate. It outlines the main classes within each phylum along with their key characteristics, such as body structure, habitat, and reproductive features. Examples are provided for some classes. The phyla are compared in terms of their segmented bodies, exoskeletons, body sections, and other distinguishing anatomical traits.
Amphibians 10-8 miryana bedros yuliya
Amphibians are a class of vertebrate animals that live both on land and in water. They have moist skin, four limbs, undergo metamorphosis from an aquatic larval stage to a terrestrial adult stage, and include frogs, salamanders and caecilians. The largest orders are Anura (frogs), Urodela (salamanders), and Gymnophiona (legless caecilians). Amphibians play an important role in ecosystems and some species are used in medical research.
Mimicry and Camouflage
Animals use mimicry and camouflage for survival and protection. Mimicry involves resembling another species to avoid predators or capture prey. Camouflage allows animals to blend into their surroundings and hide from predators and prey by matching colors and textures. Both mimicry and camouflage work well because animals learn to avoid or are hesitant to attack dangerous looking species, and camouflage makes animals nearly invisible to others.
14. class reptilia (bachinilla)
The document discusses the class Reptilia, or reptiles. It describes reptiles as the first vertebrates to lay amniotic eggs, which allow for terrestrial reproduction by maintaining an aquatic environment for the embryo. Reptiles have skin adapted for prevention of water loss, lungs for breathing air, and three-chambered hearts with two circulatory pathways. Their adaptations have allowed reptiles to thrive on land despite being ectothermic.
Introduction to Animals
This document provides an introduction to invertebrates and vertebrates. It discusses the main groups of invertebrates including sponges, cnidarians, worms, mollusks, arthropods, and echinoderms. It then covers the key characteristics of chordates and vertebrates, including having a notochord, nerve cord, and throat pouches. It differentiates between ectotherms and endotherms based on temperature regulation. The document also discusses fast felines like cheetahs and how their body structure and muscles enable incredible speed. Finally, it covers how skeletons and muscles work together to support, protect, and enable animal movement.
Reptilia bobby
This document summarizes characteristics of reptiles and provides details on three orders of reptiles: Testudines (turtles, tortoises, terrapins), Squamata (lizards, snakes), and Crocodilia (crocodiles, alligators, caimans). Reptiles are cold-blooded vertebrates that breathe with lungs, lay eggs, and have scales. Turtles have a hard shell fused to their backbone and flippers instead of legs. Tortoises live on land while terrapins live near water. Squamata includes lizards, which shed skin in patches, and snakes, which shed in one piece. Crocodilia can regulate temperature and care for young.
Reptile notes: Notes on Class Reptilia and Orders Crocodilia, Testudines, Sq...
Notes on Class Reptilia and Orders Crocodilia, Testudines, Squamata, and Sphenodontia, with visual comparison of venomous snakes in NC
Amphibians and reptiles
Amphibians live both on land and in water, having thin skin that allows absorption of water and oxygen. They go through a metamorphosis where larvae with gills transform into adults with lungs on land. While amphibians were the first to move onto land, reptiles later evolved with thicker scaly skin and shells for their eggs, allowing full adaptation to life on land.
Vertebrates and Invertebrates
This document is an interactive presentation about classifying animals into vertebrates and invertebrates. It begins with an introduction and objectives. It then discusses vertebrates, defining them as animals with backbones, and categorizing them into classes such as fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Each class is then further described. The document also covers invertebrates, which do not have backbones, categorizing them into phyla such as sponges, worms, arthropods, mollusks, and echinoderms. Specific examples are provided for each category along with distinguishing features.
0rder catariodactyla
The order Cetartiodactyla includes even-toed ungulates like cattle, pigs, camels, and cetaceans like whales and dolphins. They are found worldwide and inhabit a wide range of terrestrial and aquatic habitats. Cetartiodactyls display diverse behaviors and characteristics, ranging from social herbivores to apex marine predators. Many species are economically and culturally significant to humans as sources of food, materials, and tourism, though some can negatively impact agriculture or spread disease.
Mimicry
Batesian mimicry involves harmless animals mimicking the warning colors or patterns of dangerous species to deter predators through learned avoidance. This type of mimicry is common among insects and some snakes. Henry Walter Bates first discovered this phenomenon in the Amazon and published examples, naming the concept after himself. Mullerian mimicry occurs when two actually dangerous species evolve to resemble each other, providing mutual protection against predators through stronger association of their shared warning signals with the threat of harm. Fritz Muller first proposed this concept in 1878 to explain why harmful species also converged through mimicry.
Classification of animals
There are about 50 million animal species living on earth today. Animals are classified as either non-chordates or chordates based on key distinguishing characteristics. Non-chordates lack a notochord and have other anatomical differences from chordates, which do possess a notochord at some stage of development as well as other features. The document then describes the characteristics of 10 non-chordate phyla and the subphyla and classes within the chordates.
Reptiles
Reptiles were the first terrestrial vertebrates and dominated during the Mesozoic era. There are around 7,000 reptile species worldwide today, with the most successful group being squamates (snakes and lizards). Reptiles are characterized by scaly skin, laying amniotic eggs, and various anatomical adaptations for living on land such as efficient lungs and kidneys. The four surviving orders are squamates, crocodilians, turtles, and the tuatara; turtles are notable for their protective shells.
20. Class Reptilia Notes
The document discusses the class Reptilia and its three orders: Testudines (turtles, tortoises and terrapins), Squamata (snakes, lizards, amphibians) and Crocodilia (crocodiles). It notes that reptiles are ectothermic, lay eggs, have scales and breathe air. It provides details on sea turtles, marine iguanas, sea snakes and saltwater crocodiles. It also discusses threats facing some reptile species like habitat loss and overexploitation.
Vertebrate Classes
This document provides an overview of vertebrate classification and characteristics. It begins with the taxonomic classification of the Virginia opossum from the broadest (Animalia) to most specific (Didelphis virginiana) categories. The rest of the document outlines the key characteristics of different vertebrate classes including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and bony and jawless fish as well as their evolutionary relationships and examples.
Invertebrates
The document discusses different types of invertebrates including mollusks like snails and clams, jellyfish, sponges, starfish, earthworms, arthropods like insects and spiders, and crustaceans like crabs and lobsters. It notes that 97% of all animals on earth are invertebrates and they are found everywhere and come in many different types.
Vertebrates
This document summarizes the five main groups of vertebrates: fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. It provides details on the key characteristics of each group, such as fish having fins and scales, amphibians being able to live on land and in water and having gills or lungs, reptiles having scales and laying eggs, birds having feathers and wings for flying, and mammals having hair/fur and feeding their young with mammary glands. Examples of common types within each group are also listed, such as bony fish vs. cartilaginous fish, frogs vs. salamanders, turtles vs. lizards vs. snakes vs. crocodiles, and placental
Amniote origins and nonavian reptiles
Amniotes evolved an amniotic egg with extraembryonic membranes that allowed development on land, freeing them from dependence on water. Early amniotes diversified into three skull types. Modern nonavian reptiles include turtles, squamates (lizards and snakes), tuataras, and crocodilians. They have adaptations like thicker skins, stronger jaws, and efficient nitrogen excretion that allowed exploitation of terrestrial niches.
19. Class Mammalia Notes
Marine mammals are classified into several orders including Pinnipedia, Carnivora, and Sirenia. Pinnipeds like seals, sea lions, and walruses have specialized bodies for swimming. They are insulated by thick layers of blubber and fur or hair. True seals lack external ears and wiggle across land, while eared seals and walruses can turn their hind flippers forward. Sea otters and polar bears are also marine carnivores. Sirenians like manatees and dugongs are closely related to elephants and are strict herbivores that feed on seagrasses.
Strange events in Bio World chapter 12 tricks 39
ANIMALS ARE AS TRICKY AS WE ARE .HERE IT IS AN INTERESTING DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS TRICKS THEY PLAY .SOME OF THESE ARE SO AMAZING THAT WE CAN ONLY SAY WAO ! WHAT AN ANIMAL
The reptiles
The document discusses the four main groups of reptiles: crocodiles, lizards, turtles, and snakes. It provides details on their defining characteristics, habitats, behaviors, and evolution. Key points include:
1) Reptiles lay amniotic eggs which enabled their success on land by protecting the embryo and facilitating gas exchange.
2) The four living clades of reptiles are crocodiles, tuataras, lizards and snakes (Squamata), and turtles (Testudines).
3) Traditional and cladistic taxonomic classifications disagree on whether birds and mammals should be considered reptiles.
3rd Grade Reptilesand Amphibians.Hiawatha Teamppt
Reptiles and amphibians are both vertebrates but have key differences. Reptiles are ectothermic, have scaly skin or shells, lay eggs on land, and do not undergo metamorphosis. In contrast, amphibians are ectothermic, have permeable skin, lay eggs in water, and go through a larval stage and metamorphosis. The document provides examples of different reptile and amphibian groups and describes their characteristics.
Mammals
Mammals are warm-blooded vertebrate animals that have hair, mammary glands to feed their young, and a four-chambered heart. There are over 4000 mammal species that are classified into three main groups: monotremes, marsupials, and placentals. Monotremes lay eggs while marsupials give birth to tiny young that crawl into their mother's pouch. Placental mammals carry their young to full development within the uterus. Some key mammalian characteristics include hair, well-developed brains, teeth adapted for chewing, and a diaphragm that aids breathing.
Mammals
Mammals evolved from reptiles called Therapids during the Mesozoic era. They increased rapidly during the Cenozoic era. Mammals are characterized by having hair, mammary glands to feed young, and being warm-blooded. They are classified into monotremes, marsupials, and placentals. Placental mammals carry young to term in the uterus. There are 19 orders of mammals including rodents, bats, whales, carnivores, even-toed and odd-toed ungulates, primates, and more. Each order has distinct characteristics related to their evolution, habitats, diets and behaviors.
Vertebrates ppt
This document provides information about vertebrates including their characteristics, systems, and classifications. It discusses the characteristics that define vertebrates such as having a vertebral column and circulatory system. It then describes the different classes of vertebrates in more detail, including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. For each class, it highlights example organisms and adaptations.
Predators
This document discusses predators and prey. It defines predators as animals that hunt and kill other organisms for food through predation. Predators are broadly categorized into classic predators, grazers, and parasites. The document explains that predators play an important role in regulating prey populations and maintaining biodiversity by keeping successful competitor species in check. Prey organisms have evolved various defenses against predation including camouflage, warning colorations, and mimicry. Camouflage allows prey to blend into their surroundings while warning colors and mimicry aim to deter predators by appearing harmful or associated with harmful species.
Vertebrates Powerpoint
This document provides information about vertebrate animals, beginning with their taxonomic classification and then describing key characteristics of major vertebrate groups including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. It outlines defining anatomical features for each group as well as examples of orders, classes, and important vocabulary terms.
Phylum mollusca
The phylum Mollusca includes soft-bodied animals with muscular feet. Most mollusks have shells and radula, and their organs perform multiple functions like the heart's role in reproduction. They are bilaterally symmetrical and move via foot muscles or jet propulsion. Mollusks live in marine or terrestrial habitats and their subgroups include gastropods, bivalves, and cephalopods. They are an important global food source.
Presentation 7
1. The document discusses microbiology topics including fungi, yeasts, algae, lichens, and protozoa. It describes their structures, life cycles, and importance.
2. Key details include that fungi reproduce sexually through spores formed from the fusion of nuclei from two strains, and asexually through spores like conidiospores. Algae range from unicellular to multicellular and include economically important types. Protozoa are unicellular eukaryotes found in various habitats, some of which can cause diseases in humans.
3. The document provides information to help understand these microorganisms, including characteristics, life cycles, importance, and examples of medically relevant types
More Related Content
What's hot
Amphibians and reptiles
Amphibians live both on land and in water, having thin skin that allows absorption of water and oxygen. They go through a metamorphosis where larvae with gills transform into adults with lungs on land. While amphibians were the first to move onto land, reptiles later evolved with thicker scaly skin and shells for their eggs, allowing full adaptation to life on land.
Vertebrates and Invertebrates
This document is an interactive presentation about classifying animals into vertebrates and invertebrates. It begins with an introduction and objectives. It then discusses vertebrates, defining them as animals with backbones, and categorizing them into classes such as fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Each class is then further described. The document also covers invertebrates, which do not have backbones, categorizing them into phyla such as sponges, worms, arthropods, mollusks, and echinoderms. Specific examples are provided for each category along with distinguishing features.
0rder catariodactyla
The order Cetartiodactyla includes even-toed ungulates like cattle, pigs, camels, and cetaceans like whales and dolphins. They are found worldwide and inhabit a wide range of terrestrial and aquatic habitats. Cetartiodactyls display diverse behaviors and characteristics, ranging from social herbivores to apex marine predators. Many species are economically and culturally significant to humans as sources of food, materials, and tourism, though some can negatively impact agriculture or spread disease.
Mimicry
Batesian mimicry involves harmless animals mimicking the warning colors or patterns of dangerous species to deter predators through learned avoidance. This type of mimicry is common among insects and some snakes. Henry Walter Bates first discovered this phenomenon in the Amazon and published examples, naming the concept after himself. Mullerian mimicry occurs when two actually dangerous species evolve to resemble each other, providing mutual protection against predators through stronger association of their shared warning signals with the threat of harm. Fritz Muller first proposed this concept in 1878 to explain why harmful species also converged through mimicry.
Classification of animals
There are about 50 million animal species living on earth today. Animals are classified as either non-chordates or chordates based on key distinguishing characteristics. Non-chordates lack a notochord and have other anatomical differences from chordates, which do possess a notochord at some stage of development as well as other features. The document then describes the characteristics of 10 non-chordate phyla and the subphyla and classes within the chordates.
Reptiles
Reptiles were the first terrestrial vertebrates and dominated during the Mesozoic era. There are around 7,000 reptile species worldwide today, with the most successful group being squamates (snakes and lizards). Reptiles are characterized by scaly skin, laying amniotic eggs, and various anatomical adaptations for living on land such as efficient lungs and kidneys. The four surviving orders are squamates, crocodilians, turtles, and the tuatara; turtles are notable for their protective shells.
20. Class Reptilia Notes
The document discusses the class Reptilia and its three orders: Testudines (turtles, tortoises and terrapins), Squamata (snakes, lizards, amphibians) and Crocodilia (crocodiles). It notes that reptiles are ectothermic, lay eggs, have scales and breathe air. It provides details on sea turtles, marine iguanas, sea snakes and saltwater crocodiles. It also discusses threats facing some reptile species like habitat loss and overexploitation.
Vertebrate Classes
This document provides an overview of vertebrate classification and characteristics. It begins with the taxonomic classification of the Virginia opossum from the broadest (Animalia) to most specific (Didelphis virginiana) categories. The rest of the document outlines the key characteristics of different vertebrate classes including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and bony and jawless fish as well as their evolutionary relationships and examples.
Invertebrates
The document discusses different types of invertebrates including mollusks like snails and clams, jellyfish, sponges, starfish, earthworms, arthropods like insects and spiders, and crustaceans like crabs and lobsters. It notes that 97% of all animals on earth are invertebrates and they are found everywhere and come in many different types.
Vertebrates
This document summarizes the five main groups of vertebrates: fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. It provides details on the key characteristics of each group, such as fish having fins and scales, amphibians being able to live on land and in water and having gills or lungs, reptiles having scales and laying eggs, birds having feathers and wings for flying, and mammals having hair/fur and feeding their young with mammary glands. Examples of common types within each group are also listed, such as bony fish vs. cartilaginous fish, frogs vs. salamanders, turtles vs. lizards vs. snakes vs. crocodiles, and placental
Amniote origins and nonavian reptiles
Amniotes evolved an amniotic egg with extraembryonic membranes that allowed development on land, freeing them from dependence on water. Early amniotes diversified into three skull types. Modern nonavian reptiles include turtles, squamates (lizards and snakes), tuataras, and crocodilians. They have adaptations like thicker skins, stronger jaws, and efficient nitrogen excretion that allowed exploitation of terrestrial niches.
19. Class Mammalia Notes
Marine mammals are classified into several orders including Pinnipedia, Carnivora, and Sirenia. Pinnipeds like seals, sea lions, and walruses have specialized bodies for swimming. They are insulated by thick layers of blubber and fur or hair. True seals lack external ears and wiggle across land, while eared seals and walruses can turn their hind flippers forward. Sea otters and polar bears are also marine carnivores. Sirenians like manatees and dugongs are closely related to elephants and are strict herbivores that feed on seagrasses.
Strange events in Bio World chapter 12 tricks 39
ANIMALS ARE AS TRICKY AS WE ARE .HERE IT IS AN INTERESTING DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS TRICKS THEY PLAY .SOME OF THESE ARE SO AMAZING THAT WE CAN ONLY SAY WAO ! WHAT AN ANIMAL
The reptiles
The document discusses the four main groups of reptiles: crocodiles, lizards, turtles, and snakes. It provides details on their defining characteristics, habitats, behaviors, and evolution. Key points include:
1) Reptiles lay amniotic eggs which enabled their success on land by protecting the embryo and facilitating gas exchange.
2) The four living clades of reptiles are crocodiles, tuataras, lizards and snakes (Squamata), and turtles (Testudines).
3) Traditional and cladistic taxonomic classifications disagree on whether birds and mammals should be considered reptiles.
3rd Grade Reptilesand Amphibians.Hiawatha Teamppt
Reptiles and amphibians are both vertebrates but have key differences. Reptiles are ectothermic, have scaly skin or shells, lay eggs on land, and do not undergo metamorphosis. In contrast, amphibians are ectothermic, have permeable skin, lay eggs in water, and go through a larval stage and metamorphosis. The document provides examples of different reptile and amphibian groups and describes their characteristics.
Mammals
Mammals are warm-blooded vertebrate animals that have hair, mammary glands to feed their young, and a four-chambered heart. There are over 4000 mammal species that are classified into three main groups: monotremes, marsupials, and placentals. Monotremes lay eggs while marsupials give birth to tiny young that crawl into their mother's pouch. Placental mammals carry their young to full development within the uterus. Some key mammalian characteristics include hair, well-developed brains, teeth adapted for chewing, and a diaphragm that aids breathing.
Mammals
Mammals evolved from reptiles called Therapids during the Mesozoic era. They increased rapidly during the Cenozoic era. Mammals are characterized by having hair, mammary glands to feed young, and being warm-blooded. They are classified into monotremes, marsupials, and placentals. Placental mammals carry young to term in the uterus. There are 19 orders of mammals including rodents, bats, whales, carnivores, even-toed and odd-toed ungulates, primates, and more. Each order has distinct characteristics related to their evolution, habitats, diets and behaviors.
Vertebrates ppt
This document provides information about vertebrates including their characteristics, systems, and classifications. It discusses the characteristics that define vertebrates such as having a vertebral column and circulatory system. It then describes the different classes of vertebrates in more detail, including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. For each class, it highlights example organisms and adaptations.
Predators
This document discusses predators and prey. It defines predators as animals that hunt and kill other organisms for food through predation. Predators are broadly categorized into classic predators, grazers, and parasites. The document explains that predators play an important role in regulating prey populations and maintaining biodiversity by keeping successful competitor species in check. Prey organisms have evolved various defenses against predation including camouflage, warning colorations, and mimicry. Camouflage allows prey to blend into their surroundings while warning colors and mimicry aim to deter predators by appearing harmful or associated with harmful species.
Vertebrates Powerpoint
This document provides information about vertebrate animals, beginning with their taxonomic classification and then describing key characteristics of major vertebrate groups including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. It outlines defining anatomical features for each group as well as examples of orders, classes, and important vocabulary terms.
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked
Phylum mollusca
The phylum Mollusca includes soft-bodied animals with muscular feet. Most mollusks have shells and radula, and their organs perform multiple functions like the heart's role in reproduction. They are bilaterally symmetrical and move via foot muscles or jet propulsion. Mollusks live in marine or terrestrial habitats and their subgroups include gastropods, bivalves, and cephalopods. They are an important global food source.
Presentation 7
1. The document discusses microbiology topics including fungi, yeasts, algae, lichens, and protozoa. It describes their structures, life cycles, and importance.
2. Key details include that fungi reproduce sexually through spores formed from the fusion of nuclei from two strains, and asexually through spores like conidiospores. Algae range from unicellular to multicellular and include economically important types. Protozoa are unicellular eukaryotes found in various habitats, some of which can cause diseases in humans.
3. The document provides information to help understand these microorganisms, including characteristics, life cycles, importance, and examples of medically relevant types
Echinoderms
Selena Starfish introduces herself as a member of the phylum Echinodermata. She lives in marine environments from shallow waters to ocean depths. As a carnivore, she feeds on small crustaceans using her tube feet and internal skeleton. She seeks a mate who shares her lifestyle in the ocean.
7. echinoderms and ascidians
The document summarizes key characteristics of the phylum Echinodermata. It describes that they are marine animals with spiny skin and a water vascular system used for locomotion and feeding. They display pentaradial symmetry as adults but are biradial as larvae. The phylum includes sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, brittle stars, and sea cucumbers which show morphological diversity but share characteristics like a calcite endoskeleton and collagenous connective tissue.
Echinodermata
The document provides an overview of the class Asteroidea (starfish). It discusses their classification in the animal kingdom, general characteristics, skeleton, symmetry, mode of life in marine environments, and methods of reproduction, respiration, feeding, and evolution. Starfish generally have five arms radiating from a central disc, come in various colors, prey on mollusks, and can regenerate lost arms. Their skeleton is made of calcium carbonate ossicles and they have a water vascular system used for movement and respiration.
Fungus
Fungi are eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that obtain nutrients by absorbing them from their environment or other organisms. They can exist as multicellular molds or unicellular yeasts. Fungi are classified into three phyla - Zygomycota, Basidiomycota, and Ascomycota - which differ in their reproductive structures and life cycles. Many fungi form beneficial relationships with plants and other organisms through symbiosis, while some cause diseases in humans.
Animal kingdom for + 1 bio part I
This document provides information on the classification of animals. It discusses the different levels of organization in animals from the cellular level to the organ system level. It describes key characteristics used in classification including symmetry, presence of coelom, and segmentation. The major animal phyla are introduced, including key distinguishing features and examples. Classification aims to systematically organize the over one million described animal species based on their fundamental biological characteristics.
Protist fungi power
1) Protists and fungi are eukaryotic organisms that can be unicellular or multicellular. Protists are categorized as animal-like, fungus-like, or plant-like.
2) Animal-like protists, or protozoans, are unicellular heterotrophs that move using flagella, cilia, or pseudopods. Pseudopods allow amoebas to move and engulf food.
3) Fungi are heterotrophs that obtain nutrients by secreting digestive enzymes onto food sources, then absorbing the breakdown products. They reproduce using spores.
Life Science Chapter 14
Presentatiion to assist with teaching about mollusks, arthropods, spiders, earthworms, echinoderms. slugs and more.
This is not my own creation, but I really liked it. I added several videos which probably will not show up through slide share. The videos were my own addition.
Fungi
- Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that absorb nutrients from their environment and differ from plants in their nutritional mode and lack of chlorophyll. They exist primarily as filamentous hyphae that branch and form a mycelium.
- Fungi reproduce both sexually through spores or asexually through budding. Their filamentous structure and absorptive nutrition allow them to serve important ecological roles as decomposers, parasites, and mutualists with other organisms like plants.
- There are over 100,000 known fungal species divided among several phyla. Many fungi play vital roles in ecosystems through nutrient cycling, though some are important pathogens of plants and humans.
Fungi example organisms
The document describes various fungi organisms including:
- Boletus edulis, a porcino mushroom that grows in forests and can reach 14 inches.
- Cortinarius clelandii, found only in Hawaii with a rusty brown spore print.
- Clitocybula abundans, which grows on hardwoods and contains a "belly-button".
- Rickenella Fibula with whitish gills and an orange-yellow cap that may contain cross veins.
- Entomophthora muscae, a fungus that infects and kills houseflies, causing them to crawl exposed before death.
Intro to Echinoderms Notes
The document discusses the phylum Echinodermata, which includes sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, and crinoids. Echinoderms are radially symmetric as adults and have a water vascular system instead of a circulatory system. This water vascular system allows them to move, feed, and exchange gases via tube feet that extend from their bodies. The four classes of echinoderms are discussed: Asteroidea (sea stars), Echinoidea (sea urchins), Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers), and Crinoidea (crinoids/sea lilies).
Crustacean powerpoint
Crustaceans are a large phylum of arthropods including crabs, shrimp, lobsters, barnacles, copepods and krill. They mostly live in water and have a body divided into two parts - a fused head and thorax called the cephalothorax, and an abdomen. They have many specialized jointed appendages including walking legs, swimming legs, and feeding appendages. Crustaceans have a variety of feeding methods from predation to filter feeding. They reproduce sexually with external fertilization and females carry eggs until hatching.
Fungi examples
This document provides information on 20 different types of fungi, including their scientific names, where they are found, what organisms they interact with, and interesting facts. Some fungi discussed are edible mushrooms, while others are pathogens that infect plants or animals. The fungi have a variety of structures and life cycles, and several are used in food, research, or have cultural significance.
Fungi
Fungi can be unicellular yeasts or filamentous hyphae. Most fungi occur as hyphae that can be septate or coenocytic. Fungi are heterotrophs that can be saprophytes, symbionts, or parasites. They reproduce asexually via spores or sexually. Their vegetative phase is generally sedentary. Major fungal phyla include Zygomycota, Basidiomycota, and Ascomycota.
phylum mollusca
The document provides information about the phylum Mollusca. It discusses that Mollusca is the second largest phylum and includes animals such as snails, squids, clams, and octopuses. It then summarizes the key characteristics of several mollusc classes, including Bivalvia (clams and mussels), Gastropoda (snails), and Cephalopoda (octopuses and squids). The document also describes some unique adaptations of molluscs and their life cycles.
Intro to fungi_presentation - fall 2008
The document summarizes key characteristics of fungi. Fungi can be unicellular, filamentous, or multicellular. They are heterotrophs that absorb nutrients from dead or living matter. Their cell walls contain chitin and they reproduce both sexually and asexually via spores. Fungi play important ecological roles as decomposers, symbionts that form relationships with plants and algae, and occasionally as parasites that can cause disease. The four main fungal phyla are Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota.
Fungi Presentation
The document discusses the structure, types, and reproduction of fungi. It outlines that students will observe fungi samples under microscopes, present on topics related to fungi, and complete a post-test and reflection. It also provides information on the different structures of fungi like spores, hyphae, and mushrooms. Various types of fungi are named and fungi are compared to plants in how they obtain nutrients and reproduce.
Fungi
Biology I Presentation
FUNGI
We will learn
General characteristics of fungi
Structure of fungi
Economic Importance
Pathogenicity
Brief intro of some fungi
THE SIX KINGDOMS
Fungi are placed in a separate kingdom called the kingdom fungi
OF FUNGI
CHARACTERISTICS
The Characteristics of Fungi
Fungi are NOT plants
Nonphotosynthetic
Eukaryotes
Nonmotile
Most are saprobes (live on dead organisms)
The Characteristics of Fungi
Absorptive heterotrophs (digest food first & then absorb it into their bodies
Release digestive enzymes to break down organic material or their host
Store food energy as glycogen
The Characteristics of Fungi
Important decomposers & recyclers of nutrients in the environment
Most are multicellular, except unicellular yeast
Lack true roots, stems or leaves
fungi as a decomposers
The Characteristics of Fungi
Cell walls are made of chitin (complex polysaccharide)
Body is called the Thallus
Grow as microscopic tubes or filaments called hyphae
The Characteristics of Fungi
Some fungi are internal or external parasites
A few fungi act like predators & capture prey like roundworms
The Characteristics of Fungi
Some are edible, while others are poisonous
The Characteristics of Fungi
Produce both sexual and asexual spores
Classified by their sexual reproductive structures
The Characteristics of Fungi
Grow best in warm, moist environments
Mycology is the study of fungi
Mycologists study fungi
A fungicide is a chemical used to kill fungi
The Characteristics of Fungi
Fungi include puffballs, yeasts, mushrooms, toadstools, rusts, smuts, ringworm, and molds
The antibiotic penicillin is made by the Penicillium mold
FUNGI SIZE
NON-REPRODUCTIVE
Vegetative Structures
Hyphae
Tubular shape
ONE continuous cell
Filled with cytoplasm & nuclei
Multinucleate
Hard cell wall of chitin also in insect exoskeletons
Hyphae
Stolons – horizontal hyphae that connect groups of hyphae to each other
Rhizoids – rootlike parts of hyphae that anchor the fungus
Hyphae
Cross-walls called SEPTA may form compartments
Septa have pores for movement of cytoplasm
Form network called mycelia that run through the thallus (body)
Absorptive Heterotroph
Fungi get carbon from organic sources
Tips of Hyphae release enzymes
Enzymatic breakdown of substrate
Products diffuse back into hyphae
Modifications of hyphae
Fungi may be classified based on cell division (with or without cytokinesis)
Aseptate or coenocytic (without septa)
Septate (with septa)
Modifications of hyphae
Hyphal growth
Hyphae grow from their tips
Mycelium is an extensive, feeding web of hyphae
Mycelia are the ecologically active bodies of fungi
ASEXUAL & SEXUAL SPORES
REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURES
REPRODUCTION
Most fungi reproduce Asexually and Sexually by spores
ASEXUAL reproduction is most common method & produces genetically identical organisms
Fungi reproduce SEXUALLY when conditions are poor & nutrients
Evolution powerpoint
This document summarizes key concepts about evolution, including that it occurs over time through natural selection, leading to diversity among and within species. It explains the mechanisms of evolution, including overpopulation, competition for resources, genetic variation, adaptation, and speciation. Adaptations like camouflage, warning coloration, and mimicry help organisms survive. Isolation of populations can also lead to speciation over time. The diversity of life on Earth is the result of evolution by natural selection.
Viewers also liked (20)
Similar to Self defense
Practical study of preserved invertebrate species and their practical study o...
I AM HAFIZ MUHAMMAD WASEEM from mailsi vehari
BSc from science college Multan
MSC university of education Lahore
i love Pakistan and my teachers
Nematoda
This document provides information about nematodes (roundworms), including their taxonomy, anatomy, movement, feeding habits, habitat, reproduction, life cycle, molting process, ecological and economic importance. It notes there are over 15,000 known nematode species, which are bilaterally symmetrical, multicellular organisms with a pseudocoel body cavity. They can be free-living or parasitic. Several example nematode species are described in more detail, including Trichinella spiralis, Strongylus vulgaris, and Caenorhabditis elegans.
Class11 Biology Animal Kingdom Session 1
The document summarizes the key characteristics of four classes of vertebrate animals: Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, and Mammalia. It outlines their defining physical traits such as skin, limbs, senses and internal organs. Amphibians typically have moist skin and breathe through gills and lungs. Reptiles have dry scaly skin and lay hard-shelled eggs. Birds are covered in feathers and have beaks, wings and a four-chambered heart. Mammals are distinguished by hair, mammary glands and give live birth. Examples of common species are provided for each class.
AnimalDefensevsPredators.pptx
Animals have evolved many defenses against predators, including fleeing, using toxic chemicals from glands or food, camouflage, mimicry, grouping together, and playing dead or emitting foul smells. Specific examples include poison dart frogs and fire salamanders releasing toxins from skin glands, octopuses and hagfish releasing slime, and monarch butterflies and coral snakes using bright colors to warn of toxicity through mimicry and aposematism.
Kingdom animalia
1. Systematics studies the diversity and classification of organisms to reconstruct their evolutionary history. Taxonomy classifies life into groups based on observable characteristics.
2. There are six kingdoms of life - Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia. Key characteristics define each kingdom.
3. Carolus Linnaeus established the system of binomial nomenclature for classifying organisms using their genus and species. This provided advantages over common names.
Animal kingdom
This document provides information on the classification of different animal phyla. It discusses 14 animal phyla - Porifera, Cnidaria, Ctenophora, Platyhelminthes, Aschelminthes, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, Hemichordata, Chordata, Chordata subphyla, and classes within the phylum Chordata including Cyclostomata, Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, and Mammalia. For each group, it provides key distinguishing characteristics and examples of common organisms from that group.
Flatworms
This document discusses acoelomate bilateral animals, focusing on the phylum Platyhelminthes. It describes the three main phyla of acoelomate bilateral animals - Platyhelminthes, Nemertea, and Gnathostomulida. Platyhelminthes, which includes flatworms, flukes and tapeworms, is by far the most diverse and economically important. The document then goes into further detail about characteristics and classification of flatworms.
Kingdom animalia
This document summarizes key characteristics of different phyla in the animal kingdom. It describes how animals in the phylum Arthropoda have an exoskeleton, jointed appendages, and includes the classes Insecta, Arachnida, Crustacea, and Myriapoda. It then discusses characteristics of vertebrates, including having a backbone and including the classes Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, and Mammalia. Finally, it provides examples of distinguishing features of different animal groups.
Study of preserved invertebrate species and their
The document discusses the classification of invertebrate animals. It describes 10 major phyla: Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Protozoa. For each phylum, it provides the key characteristics, examples of common types of animals in the phylum, and their classification into classes and orders. The document also includes images of example species from several of the phyla.
Classification of living things
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS
KINGDOM ANIMALIA
The kingdom Animalia is large and compose of a wide variety animals, which vary greatly in structure,morphology and their body function.
THE DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS
Animals are multicellular and each cell is bound by a plasma membrane.
Animals bodies are differentiated into tissues
Animals are heterotrophic.
Animals are capable of locomotion.
Animals have a nervous system
Nymphalidae , Pieridae , Lycaenidae complete details (Butterfly families)
This summarizes the key information about the Nymphalidae family of butterflies:
1) Nymphalidae is the largest family of butterflies, with over 6,000 described species. It includes well-known butterflies like monarchs and painted ladies.
2) Nymphalid butterflies are often called "brush-footed" because the front pair of legs are small and brush-like, used for sensing rather than walking.
3) Species in this family can be found on every continent except Antarctica, and occupy a wide range of habitats from forests to deserts. They have diverse food sources including flowers, tree sap, and dung.
Mollusca
The document discusses the phylum Mollusca. It describes the four main body parts of mollusks - shell, mantle, muscular foot, and visceral mass. It also covers their classes, symmetry, reproductive systems, digestive systems, environments, interactions with humans, and uses as a pollution monitor. Pictures and links to additional resources are provided.
Classification of non chordata (invetebrate)
The document discusses the classification of non-chordate animals into subgroups based on features such as the presence or absence of a notochord. Non-chordates are divided into eight subgroups: porifera, coelenterate, platyhelminthes, nematodes, annelids, molluscs, arthropoda, and echinodermata. Chordates are further divided into protochordates and vertebrates, with vertebrates making up five classes: pisces, amphibia, reptilia, aves, and mammalia. Each class has distinguishing characteristics for how animals are adapted to their environments.
Diversity in living organisms by pi yush mishra
- well this presentation has the full capabitlity to clear your doubts on Diversity in living organisms.........Only the basics :) :) :) :) :) :)
Arthopod
Phylum Arthropoda is the largest phylum of animals and includes organisms with jointed legs and segmented bodies such as insects, spiders, crustaceans and others. Arthropods live in nearly all environments on Earth, from deserts to oceans. They have an exoskeleton, segmented body, jointed appendages, and shed their exoskeleton through molting. As the most diverse and abundant group of animals, arthropods play important economic roles through products like honey and silk, but some also spread diseases and damage crops.
Invertebrates slideshow wiki2
Invertebrates make up 95% of all animal species and are defined as animals without backbones. The document outlines the main types of invertebrates such as sponges, jellyfish, worms, mollusks, arthropods and others. Invertebrates reproduce both sexually and asexually and are heterotrophs that feed on other organisms for nutrition due to their lack of rigid cell walls.
Animal-Diversity by DRx Deepak Jatav.pptx
This presentation explores animal diversity by discussing their classification and adaptations. Animals are classified into two main groups - vertebrates which have backbones, and invertebrates which do not. Examples of invertebrates include arthropods, molluscs and cnidarians. Vertebrates include birds, reptiles, and mammals. Animals have also evolved adaptations like camouflage, mimicry and migration to survive in different habitats. However, human activities such as habitat loss, pollution and overhunting are threatening animal diversity.
Vertebrate systematics
This document discusses threats to biodiversity such as climate change, deforestation, overexploitation, invasive species, and pollution. It provides examples of each threat and potential solutions, including individual actions like reducing carbon footprints and corporate/government policies around sustainable practices, enforcement against illegal activities, and prevention of invasive species spread.
Y9 ch1 classification of living things 2020
The document provides information on classifying living things. It outlines 7 characteristics of living things including movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion and nutrition. It then discusses the 5 kingdoms used to classify organisms - animals, plants, fungi, protoctists and bacteria. Each kingdom is further divided into smaller groups like phylum, class, order, family, genus and species. The animal kingdom is discussed in more detail, outlining the 5 classes of vertebrates and providing examples of invertebrate groups like insects, arachnids, crustaceans and myriapods.
Phylum chordata-An overview
Phylum Chordata and its Characteristics with simplified Classifications
By: Sarwar AD
Research Scholar
GC University Lahore Pakistan
Similar to Self defense (20)
Practical study of preserved invertebrate species and their practical study o...
Practical study of preserved invertebrate species and their practical study o...
Nymphalidae , Pieridae , Lycaenidae complete details (Butterfly families)
Nymphalidae , Pieridae , Lycaenidae complete details (Butterfly families)
Recently uploaded
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
Physical pharmaceutics notes for B.pharm students
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation results
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
مصحف أحرف الخلاف للقراء العشرةأعد أحرف الخلاف بالتلوين وصلا سمير بسيوني غفر الله له
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8 - CẢ NĂM - FRIENDS PLUS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (B...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8 - CẢ NĂM - FRIENDS PLUS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (B...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/nrwz52lilmrw6m5kqeqn83q6vbdp8yzpGeography as a Discipline Chapter 1 __ Class 11 Geography NCERT _ Class Notes...
Geography as discipline
CHUYÊN ĐỀ ÔN TẬP VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN CÂU HỎI TRONG ĐỀ MINH HỌA THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT ...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ ÔN TẬP VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN CÂU HỎI TRONG ĐỀ MINH HỌA THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT ...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/qspvswamcohjtbvbbhjad04lg65waylfLevel 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.ppt
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two Hearts
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
BIOLOGY NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL (NECO) 2024 PRACTICAL MANUAL.pptx
Practical manual for National Examination Council, Nigeria.
Contains guides on answering questions on the specimens provided
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptx
(A Free eBook comprising 3 Sets of Presentation of a selection of Puzzles, Brain Teasers and Thinking Problems to exercise both the mind and the Right and Left Brain. To help keep the mind and brain fit and healthy. Good for both the young and old alike.
Answers are given for all the puzzles and problems.)
With Metta,
Bro. Oh Teik Bin 🙏🤓🤔🥰
Educational Technology in the Health Sciences
Plenary presentation at the NTTC Inter-university Workshop, 18 June 2024, Manila Prince Hotel.
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17
Custom modules offer the flexibility to extend Odoo's capabilities, address unique requirements, and optimize workflows to align seamlessly with your organization's processes. By leveraging custom modules, businesses can unlock greater efficiency, productivity, and innovation, empowering them to stay competitive in today's dynamic market landscape. In this tutorial, we'll guide you step by step on how to easily download and install modules from the Odoo App Store.
Recently uploaded (20)
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
Juneteenth Freedom Day 2024 David Douglas School District
Juneteenth Freedom Day 2024 David Douglas School District
مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8 - CẢ NĂM - FRIENDS PLUS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (B...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8 - CẢ NĂM - FRIENDS PLUS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (B...
Geography as a Discipline Chapter 1 __ Class 11 Geography NCERT _ Class Notes...
Geography as a Discipline Chapter 1 __ Class 11 Geography NCERT _ Class Notes...
REASIGNACION 2024 UGEL CHUPACA 2024 UGEL CHUPACA.pdf
REASIGNACION 2024 UGEL CHUPACA 2024 UGEL CHUPACA.pdf
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
CHUYÊN ĐỀ ÔN TẬP VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN CÂU HỎI TRONG ĐỀ MINH HỌA THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT ...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ ÔN TẬP VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN CÂU HỎI TRONG ĐỀ MINH HỌA THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT ...
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.ppt
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.ppt
BIOLOGY NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL (NECO) 2024 PRACTICAL MANUAL.pptx
BIOLOGY NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL (NECO) 2024 PRACTICAL MANUAL.pptx
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptx
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptx
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17
Self defense
- 1. Self-Defense By Tyler Noble, Moualeena Xiong, Justin Watts, & William King
- 3. Self-defense Defined Self-defense - the act of protecting oneself from bodily harm. Factors to consider: ● Environment ● Predators ● Competition
- 4. Order Phasmatodea: Walking Sticks ● Found in habitats all around the world ○ Mostly tropics and subtropics ● Camouflage: Plant Mimicry ○ Secondary defenses when necessary http://www7.uc.cl/sw_educ/agronomia/insectos/html/fichas /phasmida.html
- 5. Order Mantodea: the Praying Mantis Found worldwide Mostly tropical and subtropical Camouflage: Coloration Other defenses include: playing dead, biting or pinching, running away, and a startle display
- 6. Sohal Surgeonfish Found in tropical waters Mostly near coral reefs May be solitary but also swim in schools Main defense is a hard scalpel-like spine on both sides of the tail
- 7. Vervet Monkey Found in Africa Alarm call system alerts the group of a predator Different alarm call for: Snakes, Eagles, and Leopards Other defenses include biting, scratching, and mobbing
- 8. Molluscs ● Three major classes: ○ Class Gastropoda - snails, slugs (all kinds), limpets ○ Class Bivalvia - cockles, clams, oysters, mussels, scallops, and other families that live in saltwater and freshwater ○ Class Cephalopoda - nautilus, octopus, squid ● Found in freshwater, saltwater, terrestrial but mostly found in marine
- 9. Molluscs Defense mechanism (Gastropoda): Foot as a powerful digger, burrowing tool & foot smother Ejecting a chemical secretion Retreat in the shell Burying in the sand Use radula to bore holes Small size with ability to move into small space and holes
- 10. Molluscs Defense mechanisms (Bivalvia): Build a hard shell Outrun enemy Tear or scrape
- 11. Molluscs Defense mechanisms (Cephalopoda): Skin Camouflage Smoke screen Jet propulsion Buoyancy
- 12. Molluscs Structural adaptations: Mantle Egg case Jet Propulsion Radula Smoke screen Camouflage Physiological/Behavorial adaptations: Retreating inside the shell for protection Laying eggs inside a case to protect the babies Shooting water to propel away from danger Tear or scrape through other animals Release ink to jet away Burying in the sand to hide from predators Tasting bad so other animals won’t eat them Flash colors as warning or poison
- 13. Echinoderm You know, for when being unappetizing and generally inedible just isn't enough.
- 14. Is it worth the effort? Low nutritional value Largely comprised of indigestible Calcite Throw in some spikes for good measure
- 15. “I think I am that hungry!” Sharks Crabs Seabirds Otters Other Echinoderm
- 16. Limb Regeneration Detachable limbs, may be abandoned; offered up as a sacrifice or distraction to facilitate escape from predators. Exceptional regeneration potential allows for limb regrowth.
- 17. Fighting with their gut Violent contractions allow the expulsion of portions of the digestive system. These organs are often toxic to fish and can be deadly to fish that ingest them. The gut can be regrown within about 6 weeks. These creatures can also expel Long sticky tendrils that entangle their enemy.
- 18. Mucus Pteraster tesselatus “the Slime Star” Expelling massive quantities of mucus when provoked. Its body is covered with glands that allow it to quickly cover itself with a flood of mucus.
- 19. Venomous/Toxic Spines Environmentally responsive directional spines Light sensitive? Using tube feet to cover themselves with with shells and rocks in the hours after dawn. Toxic or venomous