Search Engines & SEO

Search Engines
Prepared by: Mohammed Jabari
Mohammed Jabari 1

Early Search Engines
 Early search engines were
like a directory or a listing
of favorite websites.
 If you have a new website
you have to submit to the
directory and a human
being will decide which
category your website
belongs to.
Mohammed Jabari 2

Search Engines Today
 In 1996, two students from Stanford
University working on their PhD had an
insight.
 While working on their research papers
and looking at other research papers there
were a list references.
 The list of references have a list of
resources and citations that support the
paper
Mohammed Jabari 3

References and Citations
Mohammed Jabari 4

Same Concept for Websites
Mohammed Jabari 5

Page Rank
 Why not rank the authority or importance
of a website based on the number citations
on other websites?
 This Concept became know as
“PageRank”
Mohammed Jabari 6

Page Rank
 The two who invented this concept were
Google founders Lary Page and Surgey
Brin
 They published the concept in the
technical paper “PageRank: Bringing
order to the Web”
http://ilpubs.stanford.edu:8090/422/1/1999-
66.pdf
Mohammed Jabari 7

Google Page Rank
Mohammed Jabari 8

HOW Do search engines work?
 Basically, Search engines uses a program
called a Crawler, spider, or Bot.
 This program visits websites on regular
basis.
 The crawler follow links from one site to
another.
9Mohammed Jabari

HOW Do search engines work?
 While visiting (crawling) these websites,
the crawler keeps an index of the words it
founds and where.
 Almost 90% of the web is indexed and
stored by Google Huge Servers
 Google analyze s this huge data using a
complex computer algorithm
10Mohammed Jabari

The Algorithm
 The algorithm is the key for cracking
Google
 Highly sophisticated (Complex)
 It’s regularly updated
 It’s a secret! Just like Coca Cola recipe
Mohammed Jabari 11

SEO
 SEO: Search Engine Optimization
 SEO: is the process of improving the
ranking (visibility) of a website in search
engines like Google.
 SEO in simple words, is how to make
your site appears in the first results of the
search page.
12Mohammed Jabari

Organic vs. Paid Results
Mohammed Jabari 13
Paid
Organic

SEO
 SEO is not about “ad words” and any paid
service
 It’s about how to naturally improve your
site ranking (visibility) in search engines
 SEO techniques consider how Search
engines works.
 So, how does a search engine work?
14Mohammed Jabari

Why SEO?
 Free Traffic, leads,
and sales
 Should be integral
part of overall
marking strategy
Mohammed Jabari 15

SEO Techniques
 Use the <Title> tag:
◦ page titles are displayed in the search results.
◦ Titles should describe the page content
◦ Create unique title for each page content
<html>
<head>
<title> this is the title </title>
</head>
</html>
16Mohammed Jabari

SEO Techniques
 Use meta tags:
◦ Use the description meta tag to add a
description for your site.
◦ It can contain a sentence or two about your
site.
◦ Google uses the description as a summary of
what the site is about.
◦ Use a keyword meta tag to add some of the
keywords used in the site
◦ Use unique description and keyword for each
page
17Mohammed Jabari

SEO Techniques
18
<meta name="keywords" content="ppu,Palestine,polytechnic,university,hebron,west-
bank,education,engineering,it,graphics,civil ,‫،الخليل،بوليتكنك،هندسة،جامعة،الضفة‬ ‫فلسطين‬
‫الغربية،تكنولوجيا،معلومات،ريادة،طالب،خريجين‬/ ">
Mohammed Jabari

SEO Techniques
 URLs should be:
◦ Simple and short
◦ Contains some words about the contents
◦ Simple directory structure
◦ One URL for each document
19Mohammed Jabari

SEO Techniques
 Use a Site map:
◦ One for users, and
◦ One for search engines (XML site map)
◦ Search engines use the site map to navigate
thought your site
20Mohammed Jabari

SEO Techniques
 Use better anchor text
◦ The anchor text should be descriptive of the
content of the linked page
<a href=“http://www.ppu.edu” < palestine
polytechnic University </a>
21Mohammed Jabari

SEO Techniques
 Use the “alt” attribute for the <img> tag.
◦ The “alt” attribute provides an alternative
description of the image
◦ It’s used by search engines
22Mohammed Jabari

SEO Techniques
 Increase the number of inbound links to
your site.
◦ Social media, blogs, and news sites.
◦ The more links link to your site the better.
 You can also submit your site directly to
the search engine to crawl it.
23
Google: http://www.google.com/addurl.html
Yahoo: http://search.yahoo.com/info/submit.html
Bing: http://www.bing.com/webmaster/SubmitSitePage.aspx
Mohammed Jabari

SEO Techniques
 Google says: more searches now on
Mobile than on Desktop.
 For example, if you are searching using
your smartphone, Google will give
preference for pages that are smartphone
compatible over pages that are designed
for Desktops only.
Mohammed Jabari 24

Your Home Work
 You need to dig further about Google
algorithm
 What are Google’s Ranking factors? Other
than the ones listed above.
 Prepare a report and get ready to discuss
your findings with your colleagues and
teacher
Mohammed Jabari 25

Search Engines & SEO

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