Scrum is a framework for managing complex projects that emphasizes transparency, inspection, and adaptation. It uses short development cycles called sprints to incrementally deliver working software. Key roles include the product owner who manages requirements, the development team who does the work, and the scrum master who facilitates the process. The scrum process involves sprint planning, daily stand-ups, sprint reviews, and retrospectives to continuously improve. The product backlog contains prioritized user stories, the sprint backlog is selected stories for the current sprint, and the increment is working software delivered each sprint.