The document discusses integrating agriculture and aquaculture to improve water productivity in Egypt. It presents research quantifying the water used and productivity achieved in integrated fish pond and crop production systems in the Nile Delta. The results show integrated systems can increase water use efficiency and farm incomes compared to traditional agriculture or aquaculture alone. Future work is proposed to further study nutrient dynamics and water quality impacts of these integrated systems.

1. Integration of ‎Agriculture and Aquaculture ‎as Means for Enhancing Water Productivity Diaa Al-Kenawy WorldFish C E N T E R Abbassa, Egypt

5. Water accounting in the Nile Delta Water Productivity of Aquaculture Systems in the Nile Delta, Egypt

11. Water Budget for fish production Daily water loss Daily seepage rate Daily Evaporation Consumptive water used Fish yield Water consumption m3/ha/day m3/ha m3/ha m3/ha kg/ha m3/kg fish Site (1) Mean ± STER (semi intensive) 54.11 ± 1.06 6.267 ± 0.40 47.84 ± 1.11 10806 ± 539 2986 ± 67 3.61 ± 0.12 Site (2) Mean ± STER (intensive) 46.35 ± 7.05 1.03 ± 7.04 45.32 ± 0.10 9284 ± 1412.3 8333 ±252.3 1.12 ± 0.19

12. source : National Water Resource Statistics (2005), FAO (2004) Water use by different crops Crop Average water use m 3 /ha/crop Production tonne/ha Water use rate m 3 / kg Product value (USD $ /m 3 ) Rice 14476 9.685 1.27 0.05 – 0.18 Fruits 11343 year 11.667 0.74 : 0.97 0.80 - 4.0 Cottons 6719 2.349 2.86 Maize 6271 6.998 0.89 0.03 – 0.22 Soy bean 6326 2.875 2.2 Fish literature review 20000:45000 5.0 4 - 9 0.07 – 1.35 Fish current study 3.0 : 8.3 3.61 : 1.13 0.31 : 1.05

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15. New multiple water use technologies

18. Rice–fish–wheat systems, Nile Delta Common Fish Ponds Rice + Fish Ponds Wheat  Fish Ponds

20. Wheat

21. Rice–fish–wheat systems, Nile Delta fish

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23. Rice production and water consumption Data of rice and wheat production in fish ponds Water consumption m 3 /kg Water consumption for irrigation m 3 /ha production kg/ha 2.99 16804 5800 Rice 0 0 5400 (5975) Year 2011 Wheat Average fish yield of the two systems and traditional fish production system. Fish Kg/ha Rice/Fish system Kg/ha Wheat/Fish system Kg/ha Tilapia 1238.5 400.4 2331.5 Others 455. 6 2.4 365.2 Fingerlings 396 317.5 113 Total 2090.1 720.3 2809.7

24. Water use in Agric-Aqua Integration 2010 work Ground water Surface water Crops and fruit trees well Crops and fruit trees Intensive fish farm Effluent from fish tanks Irrigation canal Reservoir

25. Agriculture-Aquaculture Integration 07/25/11

26. Nutrients (N P K) levels due to use of water for fish farming and mean quantities of nutrients added daily to the effluents. 07/25/11 It is possible to increase water use efficiency through integrating agriculture and aquaculture, thereby reducing use of chemical fertilizers and increasing farm income through increasing productivity per unit of water

27. Presented here 07/25/11

28. WorldFish Center Science Week , July 2011 Thank You Thanks to: Malcolm Beveridge, Gamal El-Naggar, Ahmad Nasr-Allah, and all Abbassa team

30. estimating water use i.e. water consumption per pond = I i – (E + S + Q ± ∆S) water feed + inflow = outflow + ∆S + water fish modified from Nath & Bolte (1998) excluding rain, surface runoff, water feed , and infiltration, inflow can be regarded as water added excluding overflow and water fish outflow can be regarded as change in pond storage plus seepage and evaporation i.e. water consumption per kg fish production = kg fish pond -1 /I i – (E + S + Q ± ∆S) Water in feed

31. Fluctuation of evaporation loss against water temperature. (site 1)