FIL Outreach workshop presentation 3: Introduction to Survey Methods, by Ricardo

1. Photo Credit Goes Here
INTRODUCTION TO SURVEY METHODS
Ricardo Hernandez (Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT)
Ben Belton (Michigan State University)
M. Mahfujul Haque (Bangladesh Agricultural University)
Ali Hazrat (WorldFish)
Photo: Google Earth
August 4–8, 2022

2. INTRODUCTION
• Stacked value chain surveys of farmers, traders, hatcheries, and
input providers
• It relies on revisiting 2014 USAID funded, and IFPRI-MSU led
stacked survey of VC segments (input providers, feed mills, farmers,
traders, and retailers) and meso-level survey
• 2014 survey covered 20 districts in the East, North, Southwest, and
Southcenter
• 2020 survey focuses on 7 districts in South and Southwest

3. 2014 SURVEY ACTIVITIES
• Micro level survey sample was drawn with a purposive stratified random sampling
method.
– Fish farming is concentrated in certain districts;
– Focus on the main dynamics of the sector which were visible in the main clusters
• Using 2008 agricultural census, we identified 6 clusters of production, after trimming
areas with negligible production, we retained 102 upazilas (UZ) that cover 86% of
production.
• Using PPS, we randomly selected 32 UZ. Then we listed all mouzas (MZ), and
trimmed MZ with less than 20 farmers.
• Using PPS we randomly selected 77 MZ. In each selected MZ we did a rapid census
of farmers, then randomly selected 25 (20 for sample + 5 replacement)
• Final farm household sample was 1,540 farmers, distributed in 20 districts, 32 UZ,
and 77 MZ. (PSU)

4. DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL POND AREA, NUMBER OF UPAZILAS AND SELECTED
PRIMARY SAMPLE UNITS BY CLUSTER AREA IN BANGLADESH.
Source: 2008 Agricultural Census
Cluster
Total Pond
Area
(decimals)
Selected Pond
Area
(decimals)
Total
Upazilas
Selected
Upazilas
Share of Cluster
Area over Total
Pond Areas
Assigned
PSUs in each
Cluster
Area 1 1,723,253 1,548,929 51 25 56% 42
Area 2 625,225 508,222 59 32 20% 15
Area 3 45,312 36,768 8 5 1% 1
Area 4 143,298 118,066 18 12 5% 4
Area 5 301,028 243,482 31 15 10% 7
Area 6 264,999 213,354 22 13 9% 6
TOTAL 3,103,115 2,668,821 189 102 100% 75
86% 54%

5. • Hatcheries, traders, input (mainly feed) dealers, were selected at the UZ level (not
MZ)
• In each UZ we conducted a rapid enumeration of hatcheries, traders, and feed dealers
based on the farmer sample distribution.
• Around 3000 actors (farmers, hatcheries, rural output and input traders, feed
mills, and rural retailers) from four main clusters (zones) that included 20
districts. February to June 2014
• Survey questionnaires included 4 broad categories:
– demographic and business characteristics such as assets holdings;
– intermediate input and factor (land, labor, capital, including variable and quasi-fixed inputs) procurement;
– production technology and value addition;
– marketing of outputs

6. • South and South central zone of Bangladesh
• Updated panel (resurvey of 2014 survey
respondents + randomly selected replacements
• 7 districts under Khulna, Barisal and Dhaka
Divisions
• FGDs were conducted in 36 communities and
32 markets for farmers & traders survey,
respectively.
• Developed a census of 3700 fish/shrimp
farmers – randomly surveyed 720 farmers
• Developed a census of 1200 traders –
randomly surveyed 329 (retailers, wholesalers,
arotders, foria, depots and commission agents)
• Developed a census of 250 input traders –
randomly surveyed 79 traders
2020 SURVEY ACTIVITIES

7. SUMMARY OF SURVEYS
Division District
Farm
Households
Fish Traders Feed Traders Hatcheries
2014 2020 2014 2020 2014 2020 2014 2020
Barisal
Barisal 80 80 20 29 8 10 8 9
Bhola 40 40 10 12 4 6 4 6
Dhaka Gopalganj 60 60 20 10 6 6 6 1
Khulna
Bagerhat 180 180 59 68 18 18 18 3
Jessore 60 60 20 21 12 6 12 30
Khulna 120 121 40 76 12 15 12 8
Satkhira 180 180 60 113 18 18 18 9
Sample size: 720 721 229 329 78 79 78 66

8. PREPARATION, TRANSLATION AND PRE-TESTING OF QUESTIONNAIRE
• Farm household questionnaire was very comprehensive, it included
24 modules.
Initial pre-testing at the household level Initial pre-testing on the pond side Initial pre-testing for details inputs data

9. DIGITAL PRE-TESTING OF QUESTIONNAIRE USING TABLET
• After transformation of the questionnaire,
uploaded on the KoBo Toolbox, free open-
source tool for mobile data collection.
• Repeated pre-testing of the questionnaire
was conducted to avoid possible errors
• Doing this and discussing among the
researchers and research assistants the
digital version was finalised

10. DATA COLLECTION USING TABLET
• Rigorous process was observed to ensure enumerator training during 2 weeks, in-
house and field-based trials to fine tune survey instrument, and data collection
process

11. DATA COLLECTION USING TABLET
Data collection for ground-truthing
• Another set of data was collected for ground
truthing
• Over >1800 GPS coordinates according to 6
categories of farms/water bodies were collected
• This is for machine learning techniques to
automate extraction of data of pond/gher from
satellite images to estimate pond area and fish
production
1 Commercial pond = Pond actively managed to produce
fish for profit, with no other uses except fish culture.
2 Homestead pond = Small pond, usually close to house,
used for growing fish (stocking, some fertilization or
feeding) as well as other domestic uses.
3 Gher with rice = Gher which produces a rice crop in at
least 1 season.
4 Gher, no rice = Gher in which no rice crop is grown.
5 Derelict pond = Pond that is abandoned or is not
managed actively to produce fish (no stocking, no
feeding).
6 Non-aquaculture waterbody = waterbody that has not
used for aquaculture in any way (e.g. canal, beel)

12. DATA COLLECTION USING TABLET
• Data collection for ground-truthing applying Google form

13. www.feedthefuture.gov

14. www.feedthefuture.gov
Division District Feed mills Upazila Traders Hatcheries Feed dealers Union Mouza (PSU) Households
Barisal
Barisal 5
Agailjhara 10 4 4
Bagdha Jobarpar 25
Rajiher Ahuti Bhatra 25
Barisal Sadar
(Kotwa
10 4 4
Chandra
Mohan
Bheduria 25
Roy Pasha
Karapur
Roy Pasha 25
Bhola 5 Char Fasson 10 4 4
Aminabad Shibar Char 25
Jahanpur Omrabaj 25
Chittagong
Brahmanbaria 5 Kasba 10 6 6
Mehari Simrail 25
Kherera Kherera 25
Chandpur 5 Matlab Uttar 10 6 6
Durgapur Nischintapur 25
Sadullapur Sadullapur 25
Chittagong 5
Banshkhali 10 6 6
Sekherkhil Sekherkhil 25
Puchhari Puchhari 25
Mirsharai 10 6 6
Maghadia
Maghya
Maghadia
25
Mithanala
Mithanala
Rajapur
25
Comilla 5
Barura 10 6 6
Galimpur Sakpur 25
Lakshmipur Chandpur 25
Chandina 10 6 6
Gallai Basantapur 25
Suhilpur Jhagarbagh 25
Comilla Sadar
Dakshi
10 8 8 Belghar Tulatali Belghar 25
Cox's Bazar 5 Maheshkhali 10 15 6 Dhalghata Dhalghata 25
Noakhali 5
Subarnachar 10 6 6
Char Clerk Char Bayzid 25
Char Jubille Char Mohuddin 25
Noakhali Sadar 10 6 6
Dharmapur
Char Purba
Sulukia
25
Noannai Ramkrishnapur 25

15. www.feedthefuture.gov
Dhaka
Gazipur 5 Kaliakair 10 6 6
Boali Madhyachak 25
Fulbaria Mothajuri 25
Gopalganj 5 Kotalipara 20 6 6
Amtali Gachha Para 25
Radhaganj Batbari 25
Sadullapur Hazrabari 25
Mymensingh 5
Mukthagacha 20 8 8
Tarati Union Tarati 25
Basati Langulia 25
Phulpur 20 8 8
Singheshwar Singheshwar 25
Balia Belta Balia 25
Trisal 20 12 12
Dhanikhola Dhanikhola 25
Rampur Rampur 25
Bailar Bailar 25
Narsingdi 5 Narsingdi Sadar 20 4 4
Panchdona Bhat Para 25
Silmandi Baghata 25
Khulna
Bagerhat 5
Bagerhat Sadar 20 6 6
Bishnupur Kulia Dair 25
Gota Para Debpara 25
Khanpur
Dakshin
Khanpur
25
Chitalmari 20 6 6
Chitalmari Sreerampur 25
Hizla Hizla 25
Shibpur Kaligati 25
Rampal 20 6 6
Baintala Kumlai 25
Malliker Ber Malliker Ber 25
Rajnagar Bara Durgapur 25
Jessore 5 Manirampur 20 12 12
Khanpur Bharatpur 25
Manoharpur Manoharpur 25
Shyamkur Shyamkur 25
Khulna 5
Dumuria 20 6 6
Dumuria Dumuria 25
Raghunathpur Krishnanagar 25
Sahas Gajendrapur 25
Paikgachha 20 6 6
Chandkhali Gajalia 25
Kapilmuni Kashimnagar 25
Raruli
Kule
Sreekanthapur
25
Satkhira 5
Assasuni 20 6 6
Baradal Baradal 25
Khajra Kapsanda 25
Sobhnali Kamalkati 25
Kaliganj 20 6 6
Dakshin
Sreepur
Sreepur 25
Nalta Bil Kajla 25
Tarali Tentulia 25
Shyamnagar 20 6 6
Atulia Atulia 25
Ishwaripur Dhumghat 25
Munshiganj Munshiganj 25

16. www.feedthefuture.gov
Rajshahi
Bogra 5
Bogra Sadar 15 10 10
Gokul Gokul 25
Namuja Namuja 25
Kahaloo 15 10 10
Durgapur Protappur 25
Kalai Majh
Para
Kalai 25
Natore 5 Gurudaspur 15 4 4
Dharabarisha Palsura 25
Moshinda Masinda 25
Rangpur Dinajpur 5
Chirirbandar 10 4 4
Saintara
Dakshin
Palashbari
25
Satnala Satnala Jot 25
Dinajpur
Sadar
10 4 4
Sundarban Sundarban 25
Uthrail Muradpur 25
Sylhet Sylhet 5 Zakinganj 15 4 4
Saltanpur Sayedabad 25
Kashkanakpur Biabil 25
Subsample
size 100 500 223 214 1925
Total sample size 2962