The document outlines the essential components and strategies for effective maintenance of school buildings, libraries, and playgrounds. It emphasizes the importance of planning, stakeholder involvement, and systematic evaluations to prolong the lifespan and safety of facilities, while also highlighting the positive impact on educational environments. Additionally, it covers specific maintenance practices and guidelines for ensuring safe and functional school premises.

1. GROUP MEMBERS
AREEJ AZIZ
HAFSA ZIA
BUSHRA RATHORE
HAMMID
M.RIZWAN
NAVEEED ISLAM
SHAHBAZ KHAN
MAAM PARVEEN AKHTAR

2. 9.1: MAINTENANCE OF BUILDING
9.2: MAINTENANCE OF LIBRARY
9.3: MAINTENANCE OF PLAY GROUNDS
9:4: MAINTENANCE OF HORTICULTURE

3. School plant refers to everything
within the school premises which
includes the site, buildings,
equipment and all essential
structures, permanent and non-
permanent as well as machines and
laboratory equipment and others.
Introduction

4. Maintenance of school building
A school maintenance program is an organizational
activity carried out by the school community in order to
prolong the life expectancy of school buildings, its
furniture and equipment. In order to start a school
maintenance program the school building should meet a
minimum standard of condition.

6. A school maintenance program should ensure that the
school building can:
 Function at its designed level at all times.
 Function during the normal life span of the school
building.
 Resist the effects of an extreme natural event like
hurricanes, floods, and earthquakes, provided that
the original design, construction, and materials
were satisfactory for these demands

7. Building Maintenance Matters
 A sound buildings maintenance plan serves as evidence
that school buildings are, and will be, cared for
appropriately.
 These School Maintenance Guidelines attempt to provide
best practice concepts along with the guidance of the SBC
that can be undertaken to develop a plan that meets the
unique needs of the School.
School Buildings Maintenance Guidelines

8. Good buildings maintenance programs costs money:
● Decreasing equipment replacement costs over time
● Decreasing renovation costs because fewer large-scale
repair or replacement work is required.
● Decreasing overhead costs (such as utility bills)
because of increased system efficiency

9. Effective school building maintenance planning:
● Contributes to a School’s instructional effectiveness and
financial well-being
● Improves the cleanliness, orderliness, and safety of the School's
buildings
● Reduces the operational costs and improves the life cycle cost
of the School buildings
● Extends the useful life of buildings
● Demand appropriate implementation and evaluation of
buildings maintenance plans

10. School Administrators:
● Need to understand a wide range of buildings operations
and issues
● Need to receive training to improve their knowledge and
skills related to buildings maintenance
● need to teach other staff how they can help with buildings
maintenance
● a need to appreciate that building maintenance decision-
making is influenced by instructional needs

11. Teachers
● recognize that buildings maintenance supports student
learning
● educate students about how to treat school buildings
appropriately
● communicate their expectations for buildings as they relate
to enhancing student learning
● treat buildings with respect

12. Students
● see school buildings as their learning environment
● treat buildings with respect

13. Parents and the school community
● recognize that school buildings are the training grounds for
future citizens
● respect decision-making regarding school building use and
maintenance
● contribute to school building maintenance decision-
making as requested
● Consent to the financial obligations associated with good
school building maintenance

14. Effective School Maintenance Starts with Planning:
Maintenance planning is a component of a greater school
management plan. The School budget is the "blueprint" for
daily decision-making throughout the School campus. It
provides concrete documentation about the School’s needs
and intentions. Moreover, it is a formal way of
communicating priorities, and establishes necessary
documentation for funding. Good plans include short- and
long-term objectives, budgets, and timelines, all of which
demonstrate the commitment to buildings maintenance.
Buildings Maintenance Planning and
the Five Year School Plan

15. Developing A School Plan Requires
● Involvement of the School stakeholders in the planning
process
● identifying needs (e.g., improve cleanliness comfort and
safety, correct deficiencies address deferred projects, increase
efficiency, decrease utility bills)
● having the SPBC assist the School in establishing priorities
and targets
● sharing the plan with key School stake holders
● re-evaluating the plan periodically
● refining efforts based on plan reviews
● revising the school 5 Year Plan as necessary

16. Steps for effectively engaging stakeholders in the
planning process include
●Identify all stakeholders (City, State, Neighborhood Boards,
police and Neighbors)
● invite stakeholders to share their opinions during the planning
process
● contact stakeholders well in advance of the planning meetings
● enter a dialogue that truly welcomes stakeholders' opinions
● invite stakeholders to share unique skills and expertise they bring
to the process (engineers, architects, or landscapers in the PTA
who could lend their expertise)
● foster consensus-building atmosphere
● recognize dissent as necessary, but not allowing it to derail
consensus building

17. Links to Budgeting and Planning:
Any responsible examination of school buildings planning
warrants some discus a School and Parish administrators
demonstrate appropriate care and commitment to building
maintenance financial support is more supportable.
Responsible buildings maintenance planning demands that
attention be given to a wide range of other issues that
influence Parish budgeting, including insurance coverage,
land acquisition, equipment purchases, and building
construction and renovation

18. Building Assessment
The assessment team is normally made up of members of
the SPBC and school staff. If there are known specific
problems a consultant or contractor specializing in that trade
accompanies the assessment team. The assessment of the
School’s buildings leads to a prioritized list of repair or
replacement items. The next step is to assign a reasonable
estimated cost. This information coupled with the school’s
Building assessment document begins to provide a picture of
the repair/replacement needs of the entire School complex
for the immediate period and into the future.

19. The assessment
● provide facts, not guesswork, to inform school administrators
● establish a baseline for measuring buildings maintenance
progress in the future
A building assessment is a comprehensive review of a building's assets.
Building assessments are a standard method for establishing baseline
information about the components, policies, and procedures of a new or
existing building. An assessment is a way of determining the "status" of
the building at a given time-that is, it provides a snapshot of how the
various systems and components are operating. A primary objective of
a building audit is to measure the value of an aging asset relative to the
cost of replacing that asset. Thus, buildings assessments are a tool for
projecting future maintenance costs.

20. Providing a Safe Environment for Learning
 Identify environmental and safety-related topics that
require close attention.
 Maintenance efforts must, first and foremost, ensure
safe building conditions; safety takes priority over
cleanliness, orderliness, cost-effectiveness, and even
instructional support.

21. Ensuring environmental safety
● properly ventilate occupied areas
● maintain indoor carbon dioxide (CO2) between 800 and 1,000 parts per
million (ppm).
● install both fresh air supply and exhaust ventilation systems in occupied
areas.
● avoid circulating previously exhausted contaminants within the
ventilating system
● ensure adequate make-up air in water heaters to minimize backfires
and carbon monoxide (CO) contamination.
● maintain indoor air relative humidity below 70 percent.
● inspect for water damage and eliminate standing water and elevated
humidity.
● clean, dry, or remove water-damaged materials within 72 hours of
wetting.
● change filters and clean drip pans according to manufacturer's
instructions. (Filters in high-pollution areas may require more frequent
service.)

22. Waste management
Waste management is a catch-all term that includes trash removal,
recycling, and the disposal of hazardous waste. Trash removal is
probably the most high-profile aspect of waste management in a
school setting. It is illegal to dump, burn, or otherwise dispose of
solid waste (e.g., paper, wood, aluminum, trash) without a permit.
Thus, School Administrators must be aware of applicable laws and
regulations concerning solid waste disposal. Recycling may also
play an important role in an education organization's waste
management plan. Both solid waste and recyclables should be
removed from occupied areas as soon as possible after being
collected. Storage buildings (even temporary storage areas) must
be located away from occupied areas to minimize the risk of fire
and infestation.

23. Training Staff to Recognize Environmental Hazards:
While not every member of the School Administration needs to be
an expert at remedying all the environmental hazards that can arise
in school buildings, a member of the staff should be trained to
identify the signs of common environmental problems they may
encounter. For example, recognizing suspicious materials,
vulnerable conditions, and potential dangers enables them to take
the first step (alerting others) toward protecting themselves, other
building occupants, and the building in general. It also ensures that
most potential problems will be remedied before they become full-
fledged catastrophes. Wastewater management includes care of
on-site systems with such as kitchens which should have grease
traps to prevent grease from being deposited in the sewer system.

24. Electrical Systems
Electrical equipment must be maintained like any other
piece of equipment, whether it is a transformer or a breaker
box for controlling a classroom's electrical power.
Professional engineers and electricians should help to
determine preventive maintenance tasks and schedules for
electrical components. Thermo graphic scanning, which
identifies overheating in connections, motors, bearings, and
other electrical switchgear, can be an important tool for
determining the condition of electrical gear.
Maintenance and Operations Issues:

25. Energy Management
● assign someone to be responsible for the School’s energy
management program,
● monitor each building's energy use.
● conduct energy audits in all buildings to identify energy-
inefficient units.
● install energy-efficient equipment, including electronic
ballast, high-efficient lamps, night setbacks, and variable-
speed drives for large motors and pumps.
● install motion detectors that turn lights on when a room is
occupied (and off when the room is unoccupied).

26. Fire Alarms
Fire drills should be held as suggested by the Fire
Department both to test Life Safety systems and practice
occupant response to fire emergencies. During school breaks
when buildings are not occupied, detailed inspections of all
Life Safety systems should be performed. This includes
testing all pull stations, fire extinguishers, smoke detectors,
and heat detectors located in the building. A licensed
contractor is required to conduct Life Safety inspections and
perform Life safety equipment maintenance

27. Floor Covering
Selecting appropriate floor coverings for a school is an important
issue and must be addressed during renovation and new
construction. Often lunchrooms, main halls, and secondary halls
are covered in terrazzo, vinyl composition tile (VCT), or quarry tile.
These coverings have hard surfaces that are easily cleaned and do
not collect dirt. In classrooms where noise control is important,
carpets or carpet tile with an impermeable backing, which prevents
the passage of water or dirt and are easily cleaned, may be used.
Carpets and carpet tiles can also be purchased with adhesives
already attached to the backing, which helps to ensure complete
adhesion without the emission of volatile organic compounds
(VOCs). Some primary schools use area rugs or carpet tiles rather
than carpets because they can be easily removed and cleaned at the
end of the school year or as needed. Periodic cleaning of both
carpets and rugs is necessary to minimize the likelihood of dirt and
other contaminants causing indoor air quality problems.

28. Gym Floors
Gym floors are generally constructed with vinyl composition
tile (VCT), one of several grades of maple flooring, sheet
rubber, or other synthetic materials. Regardless, all floor
types must be kept clean and properly maintained. VCT
floors must be periodically stripped and re-waxed to ensure a
safe surface. Wood floors require annual screening and
resealing with a water-based sealant. They should also be
sanded, re-marked, and resealed in their entirety every 10
years. Synthetic floors (including sheet rubber but excluding
asbestos tile) require monthly cleaning and scrubbing with
buffers.

29. Air Condition System
Schools that have Air Conditioning (AC) systems to control
indoor climate provide an environment that is conducive to
learning. Their components must be maintained on a timely
and routine basis. This preventive maintenance will ensure
reliability, reduce operating costs, and increase the life
expectancy of the equipment.

30. Hot Water Heaters
- Hot water heaters in schools range in size, however
preventive maintenance programs must be established for
each hot water heater. At a minimum, maintenance should
include inspection for failing safety devices and leaks
(especially if fired by gas).

31. School Cleanliness
● cleaning results in a "spotless" building, as might normally be
found in a hospital environment or corporate suite. At this level, a
custodian with proper supplies and tools can clean approximately
10,000 to 11,000 square feet in an 8-hour period.
● cleaning is the uppermost standard for most school cleaning, and
is generally reserved for restrooms, special education areas,
kindergarten areas, or food service areas
● cleaning is the norm for most school buildings. It is acceptable to
most stakeholders and does not pose any health issues.
● cleaning is not normally acceptable in a school environment.
Classrooms would be cleaned every other day, carpets would be
vacuumed every third day, and dusting would occur once a month.

32. Maintenance of library
Library:
•A building or room containing collections of books,
periodicals, and sometimes films and recorded music
for use or borrowing by the public or the members of
an institution

33. School library:
•A school library (or a school library media
center) is a library within a school where
students, staff, and often, parents of a public or
private school have access to a variety of
resources.
•Library is the most attractive and educative
place lying in the campus of an institution. A
well equipped library should be primary requisite
of every school. It is a quiet and most proper
place for the study as well as storing of all types
of information.

34. Purpose of school library:
•to provide a flexible space with a wide and inclusive
range of resources to support learning and teaching
throughout the school.
•to have a vibrant role in the development of a culture
that promotes wider reading, motivated readers and
learners for life.
•to provide a place for collaborative learning, creativity,
and for developing independent research and information
literacy skills.

35. The importance of school Library:
The importance of school library cannot be
over emphasized. A library is an important
source of knowledge to young minds in schools.
It develops the important habit of
reading among the students. Every school
should have a library.

36. School libraries help to:
•Impact positively on the academic achievement of the
students. Students can perform better during examination by
reading various books
•Facilitate the work of the classroom teacher and ensures each
student has equitable access to resources, irrespective of home
opportunities or constraints.
•Run independent learning programs, which integrate
information resources and technologies
•Equip students with the skills necessary to succeed in a
constantly changing technological, social and economic
environment.

37. Organization of a library:
Place and accommodation
Library should be situated at a peaceful place and
should be spacious.
Library in charge
For deriving maximum benefits and value of a
library, the work of the in-charge may be done
by the students themselves under the guidance
and supervision of a teacher. Such arrangements
may arouse keen interest among students not
only for the reading of science books but also
exploring sources for getting good books.

38. Selection of books and reading material
•To be families with subject to present interest,
local, national and international.
•To represents all subjects that apply to the
communities, needs and interest.
•To give preference local history, literature,
culture and heritage.
•To provide books for all organized groups.
•To provide books according to anticipating
demands of potential readers.

39. Management of library
•Proper classification
•Proper service and maintenance
•Rules of library
•Promoting student interest in library

40. Maintenance of playground
Every school should review maintenance tips
for school playgrounds with staff regularly. In
order to ensure that children stay safe and
are able to continue playing, proper
maintenance of your equipment and the
surrounding area is important.

41. How to Maintain a School Playground
Use these playground maintenance tips to keep your
school play space safe, attractive and lasting for years:
Decide who will be responsible for maintenance:
Maintaining a school playground is only possible if it’s
clear who will be checking for issues and doing the
maintaining. Designate a committee or hire a service, but
look for individuals who are local and who can check in
often. Make sure the people tasked with maintenance
have the proper training and knowledge of how to keep
up your playground equipment.

42. Have equipment installed and inspected by a
certified professional.
Especially if your playground is older, get certified
professionals to attest to the safety of each piece of
equipment. Have them confirm that there is enough
space around each piece of equipment and that
everything is installed correctly. Get professionals to
check whether current safety standards are met and
have them pay attention to surfacing in particular, which
tends to need replacing and maintenance before larger
pieces of equipment do.

43. • Install a fence and protective barrier
School playground equipment is for the students, and you
want to ensure no one is using the play equipment off-
hours and potentially causing damage. Installing a fence,
gate and other protective barriers, or even an alarm
system, helps you reduce maintenance tasks related to
graffiti, vandalism and incorrect use of your playground.
• Create a written schedule of visual inspections
Have the playground inspected often. Even a quick check
every morning before students arrive is a good idea.
Whenever someone inspects your play area, make sure
they sign off so you can see when inspections took place.

44. • Set up a system for reports
Do teachers, parents and students know how to report
any problems with play equipment? Do you have a
central system to collect this information so you can fix
any problems fast and close down the playground
immediately until repairs can be made? Take the time to
set up this kind of system for the sake of child safety.
• Read the manuals
Check the instruction and maintenance manuals which
came with your equipment to understand exactly what
maintenance you should be performing and when.

45. • Install shade structures
Canopies and shade structures reduce UV damage,
which can help cut down on some maintenance
(such as paint fading from the sun) and can thus
help your investment last longer.
• Understand local weather
If you live in a wetter climate, you may need to treat
wood structures to ensure they do not rot, or opt for
metal alternatives. If you live in a climate with harsh
winters, clearing ice and snow off the equipment can
prevent collapse, and closing the playground when
conditions are slippery keeps everyone safe.