The document discusses various types of samples used in the apparel industry. It defines a sample as a small number of items taken from a larger quantity to represent the whole. There are different types of samples discussed including proto samples, fit samples, size set samples, salesman samples, photoshoot samples, and more. The document also covers the sampling process which involves getting buyer queries, sample preparation, evaluation, and dispatch. Key factors in sampling like the purpose of each sample, materials used, and approval process are summarized.

1. Sampling
&
Marker

2. 𝕊𝕦𝕓𝕞𝕚𝕥𝕥𝕖𝕕 𝕋𝕠
Sabina Yesmin
Lecturer,
BGMEA University of Fashion & Technology
𝕊𝕦𝕓𝕞𝕚𝕥𝕥𝕖𝕕 𝔹𝕪 : (Group B)
Tanbir Ahmed Joy 181-207-801
Nazmus Sakib 181-211-801
Abid Hossain 181-212-801
Sharmin Jahan 181-213-801
Istahak Mahmud 181-215-801
Kazi Nishat Mahmud 181-216-801
Saleheen Amin Peyas 181-218-801
Sabir Shiraj Mugdho 181-220-801
Nazmul Hasan 181-222-801

3. Nishat Mahmud
Id- 181-216-801
Presenter
Covering Areas
1)What is marker
2)What is marker making
3)Methods of marker Marking
4)Computerized Methods

4. What is Marker?
A marker is a diagram of a
precise arrangement of pattern
pieces for sizes of a specific style
that are to be cut from in one
spread.

5. What Is Marker Making?
•Marker making is the process of determining a
most efficient layout of pattern pieces for a style,
fabric and distribution of sizes. Factories those
don't have CAD system perform this process
manually.

6. Different Methods of Marker Making
There are two different methods of marker making
followed in apparel industry ; Those are-
(a)Computerized method.
(b)Manual method,

7. Computerized method
Computerized method can be performed by two ways:
– Interactive method
–Automatic marker making,

8. • Interactive method: Interactive marker making method is a
common process where the operator plans markers by
connecting directly with the system through a computer screen.
Here, all the pattern pieces are displayed at the top of the
screen in the miniature form. Those are dragged and draped to
the pre-determined place by data pen or tablet. It is less
efficient and less time required than automatic marker making
system.
Computerized method

9. • Automatic marker making: It is the most efficient
marker making system. Here, the computer makes the
marker itself according the command given to
computer. Small pattern pieces are displayed in
computer screen but full size in computer memory.
Though it is time consuming method but modern
automatic marker making system overcome that
problem of time and needs only two minutes to make a
marker.
Computerized method

11. Istahak Mahmud
Id- 181-215-801
Presenter
Covering Areas
1)Manual Method
2)Marker planning with full Size
pattern
3)Marker planning with
minimized pattern

12. Manual Method
Manual method can be done by two ways: –
•Marker planning with full size pattern,
•Marker with minimized pattern.

13. Manual Method
1. Marker planning with full size pattern:
 All the patterns are in full dimension here.
 Hard patterns are placed on the paper and then those
patterns are marked by marker.
 Here the tables, on which the markers are placed

14. Manual Method
2. Marker with minimized pattern:
 Here, full sized patterns are reduced 1/5 part by a
pantograph
 The patterns are made by hard paper or plastic sheet.
Marker is planned here with the small pattern pieces and
 After making, snaps are taken by using camera. Planimeter
is used here to measure covered area of pattern.
 Marker efficiency is determined by calculating marker area
and fabric area.

16. Abid Hossain
Id- 181-212-801
Presenter
Covering Areas
1)What is marker efficiency
2)How to calculate marker
efficiency

17. What is marker efficiency?
Marker efficiency is defined as a ratio of area of marker used in a
garment and area of total marker.
Note: Marker efficiency and Fabric utilization is not same thing. In
marker efficiency calculation fabric wastage due to end bits and end
loss is not included but in fabric utilization calculation all kinds of fabric
wastage are included.

18. How To Calculate Marker Efficiency?
• Calculation method of marker efficiency has been explained
below with formula.
– Formula #1
Marker efficiency% =
Area of marker used for garments
Area of total marker
×100

19. Area of marker used for garments = 470 sq. yds
And, Area of total marker = 550 sq. yds
Marker efficiency% =
Area of marker used for garments
Area of total marker
×100
Example:
=
𝟒𝟕𝟎
𝟓𝟓𝟎
× 𝟏𝟎𝟎
=85.45%

20. Calculation method of marker efficiency has been explained below with
formula
– Formula #2
Marker efficiency% =
Weight of fabric consumed by patterns pieces in a marker
𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒘𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒇𝒂𝒃𝒓𝒊𝒄 𝒐𝒇 𝒖𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌𝒆𝒓 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂
×100
How To Calculate Marker Efficiency?

21. Tanvir Ahmed Joy
Id- 181-207-801
Presenter
Covering Areas
Factors Related Marker
efficiency:
a) Marker Planner
b) Size of Garments
c) Marker length
d) Pattern Engineering
e) Fabric Characteristics
f) Marker Making
Method
g) Marker width

22. Factors Related To Marker Efficiency
The following factors are related to marker efficiency
– Marker Planner: Marker efficiency depends on the
experience, honesty, sincerity & technological knowledge of
the planner. The more the number of markers practiced for a
particular style, the more is the possibility to get higher
efficiency.
– Size of Garments: The more the number of pattern sizes are
included, the more possibility to get more efficiency, but
excessive number of pattern sizes, may cause problem.

23. – Marker Length: Higher the marker length, higher will
be the efficiency, but excessive marker length may
cause a problem.
– Pattern Engineering: Marker efficiency can be
increased by changing the pattern design (Suppose, a
big component can be divided into two parts), but
should be very careful about the final appearance.
Factors Related To Marker Efficiency

24. • Fabric Characteristics:
– Symmetric fabric = Marker Efficiency is Higher.
– Asymmetric fabric = Marker Efficiency is Lower.
– In case of check & Stripe fabric == Marker Efficiency is Lower.
Factors Related To Marker Efficiency

25. • Marker Making Method: Marker can be made by two
methods-
 Manual
 Computerized.
Computerized marker is more efficient when it is done
interactively with the planner. So marker efficiency
varies from method to method. Sometimes a skilled
operator can make more efficient marker than
computer.
Factors Related To Marker Efficiency

26. • Marker Width: Marker width normally depends on
the fabric width. The more the fabric width, this is
easier to plan or make marker by the marker maker
which will increase the efficiency. This may not be
applicable for tubular fabric.
Factors Related To Marker Efficiency

27. Nazmul Hasan
Id- 181-222-801
Presenter
Covering Areas
1) Factors Related Marker
efficiency: Style of Garments
2) Key points of marker making

28. • Style of Garments: There are some
garments which have only large patterns
such as overcoat. If there is less number of
small components, the marker will be less
efficient.
Factors Related To Marker Efficiency

29. Key Points of Marker Making:
Various key points which should be considered before marker making are
pointed out in the below:
• During marker making it should be followed that
fabric width must be higher than marker width (At
least ½ inch).
• Fabric length must be higher than marker length
(At least one inch).

30. • Marker width should be taken according to the
fabric width and fabric spreading must be done by
taking the guideline from the marker length.
• During marker making, length of fabric cutting
table should be considered.
Key Points of Marker Making:

31. • When garments pattern pieces are laid down on the layer of
fabric, in that time the grain line must be parallel to the line
of warp in a woven fabric and Wales in knitted fabric.
• All the pattern pieces of a garment should be along the
same direction when laid down on an asymmetric fabric.
Key Points of Marker Making:

32. • Plan for garments production should also be considered during
marker making.
• During marker making, marker should be started with the large
pattern pieces. Then fits the smaller pieces in the gap of larger pieces.
In this way, fabric wastage is minimized and marker efficiency is also
increased.
• In the last step of marker making, all the patterns are shuffled in
various directions to reduce the marker length. It also helps to increase
the marker efficiency.
Key Points of Marker Making:

33. Sampling

34. Sharmin Jahan
Id- 181-213-801
Presenter
Covering Areas
1) What is Sample & Sampling
2) Sampling Process
3) Types of Sampling
4) Proto Sample
5) Fit Sample

35. What is Sample ?
A few item or goods taken from a
large number of similar goods are
called sample.

36. Buyer’s
Feedback
Sampling Process
Getting
buyer’s query
21
Sample
preparation
3
Evaluating
results
4
Packing &
dispatch
5

37. Types of Samples
1. Proto Sample/ First Sample
2. Fit Sample
3. Size set sample
4. Salesman Sample
5. Photo shoot sample
6. Development sample
7. PP sample
8. TOP sample
9. Counter sample
10. Shipment Sample
11. Showroom Sample
12. GPT sample
13. Gold seal
sample/sealed sample
14. Red tag sample
15. Digital garment sample

38. 1. Proto Sample/ First Sample
Proto sample is the first sample in
production development stage in
apparel industry. It is prepared
according to the buyer's specification.
This type of sample is designed by the
designers.

39. The fit sample is made with actual
measurement based on the
original product and specification
sheets given by the buyer. Fit
samples are considered as a very
important factor
in sample development.
2. Fit Sample

40. Saleheen Amin Peyas
Id- 181-218-801
Presenter
Covering Areas
1) Size Set Sample
2) Salesman Sample
3) Photoshoot Sample
4) Development Sample
5) PP Sample

41. •Fit sample is made and send to
confirm the fit of the garment on
live models or on dummy and for
approval of construction details.
•The fabric used for fit sample
production is the actual fabric
which is going to be used for bulk
production or sample yardage
fabric is used.
3. Size Set Sample

42. •The main purpose of salesman
sample is to collect the order
from the retailers.
•In Sales man sample actual
accessory, actual fabric is used
or sample yardage need to be
used.
4. Salesman Sample

43. • In order to promote the new style in the market
normally buyer asks for AD sample for photo
shoot.
• Buyer uses this photo for marketing purpose
either on catalogue or various media like, print,
TV or websites to see the response of the
consumer.
5. Photo Shoot Sample

44. •The samples which are made until the final
factory gets bulk production approval. The proto,
fit and size set samples are considered as
development sample.
6. Development Sample

45. • PP sample is considered to be a contract between the buyer and the
factory.
• Washing, embroidery and printing should match to actuals.
• The factory can start the production of bulk garment only after the
approval of preproduction sample.
• PP sample sends in only one size, 1-2 samples or specified by buyer.
7. PP Sample

46. Nazmus Sakib
Id- 181-211-801
Presenter
Covering Areas
1) TOP Sample
2) Counter Sample
3) Shipment Sample
4) Showroom Sample

47. • TOP is abbreviated as Top of
production. After the bulk
production start, few garments
are picked randomly from the
production output of the first
production run for quality
checking by the buyer’s QA.
8. TOP Sample

48. •When a factory makes
samples for different sample
approvals from the buyer, the
factory makes 2-3 additional
samples for their internal
reference. These samples are
called as the counter sample.
9. Counter Sample

49. • Buyers need to keep a random garment piece from the final shipment
audit. This sample is referred for packing details, all detailing attached
to the finished garment, that will be going to the stores.
• Factory keeps 3 samples for shipment samples –
i. one for the buyer,
ii. one for factory
iii. one for the buying house merchant.
10. Shipment Sample

50. •The apparel manufacturers and suppliers
prepare a it for the displaying on the in-
house design room or in the exhibition.
11. Showroom Sample

51. Sabir Shiraj Mugdho
Id- 181-220-801
Presenter
Covering Areas
1) GPT Sample
2) Gold Sealed Sample
3) Red Tag sample
4) Digital Garments Sample
5) Conclusion
6) References

52. •The sample that is collected
from the bulk production and
send to a testing lab for
garment performance test
(GPT), are known as GPT
sample.
12. GPT Sample

53. • An approved sample for bulk production. The PP sample can be called
as sealed if buyer sealed it. Some buyers and factory used to call the
approved PP sample as the sealed sample. Gold seal sample also
known as a Sealed sample.
13. Gold Sealed Sample

54. • A red tag sample is the same as the gold seal sample and sealed
sample. A different term of the approved and sealed sample for bulk
production approval. A red colored tag is attached in the sealed
sample.
14. Red Tag Sample

55. • A garment sample that is made on the software and shows the 3D
form of the garment, is called a digital garment sample. On the digital
sample, a customer can see the garment fit, fabric fall, pressure
points (tight fitting) on the selected digital model, both as a still form
as well as the digital model moves on the screen.
15. Digital Garment Sample

56. Conclusion

57. References
 Apparel Manufacturing, Glock and Kunz
https://www.textiletoday.com.bd
 https://www.onlineclothingstudy.com
 http://www.garmentsmerchandising.com

58. Thanks For Your
Patience…