You can find the diffences between mechanical and electronical dobby mechanisms in principle in this presentation.
Also , you can reach the details of dobby mechanisms type like as of single , double and negative dobby systems.
End breakage at ring frame. Ring frame machine breakageMukulpratapHarijan
End breakage at ring frame thier causes and solution. Effect of end breakage. Ring frame breakage. Fault of end breakage. PPT and PDF of end breakage. Solution of less efficiency of ring frame machine
Knowing the basics of raw material, yarn production process and the other factors influencing quality will put the sourcing manager at the same eye level as a spinner /supplier when negotiating quality issues.
As a consequence this puts the sourcing manager in the position to pay the right price for the corresponding quality level.
This kind of know-how supports a retailer enormously in his efforts to establish a reliable supply chain which is based on mutual understanding.
Cotton is a natural fibre available easily and abundant quantity. It is a most suitable fibre for textile spinning & clothing due to it’s good spinnability & human friendly characteristics. As cotton is a natural fibre hence it’s properties also affected with several other factors which create variation in fibre properties, these variations also affect spinning processes & it’s products Quality in multi dimensions. Each fibre characteristic impact individually and collectively on spinning process or at ultimate product quality. Revolutionary changes observed in last two decade in the field of spinning machineries where processing speeds greatly increased to enhance production rate. Not only production rate of spinning machines increased but speeds of it’s downstream processes also increased simultaneously which requires better quality of yarn for smooth process and without any interruption to get the maximum efficiency. Hence now it is most important to co-relate fibre properties with respect to it’s consumer process competency. In this article we will discuss the different cotton properties and it’s impact on spinning process and product quality in present prospective and will try to minimize the impact of poor fibre properties on process or product Quality through better Mixing plan selection.
INTRODUCTION
The ring spinning will continue to be the most widely used form of spinning machine in the near future, because it exhibits significant advantages in comparison with the new spinning processes.
Following are the advantages of ring spinning frame
• It is universally applicable, i.e. any material can be spun to any required count
• It delivers a material with optimum characteristics, especially with regard to structure and strength.
• It is simple and easy to master
• The know-how is well established and accessible for everyone
Hairiness is characterized by the quantity of freely moving fibre ends or fibre loops projecting from a yarn or textile fabric (woven, knitted or non woven fabrics).
In term of measurement Hairiness corresponds to the total length of the protruding fibres in unit length of one centimeter.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
You can find the diffences between mechanical and electronical dobby mechanisms in principle in this presentation.
Also , you can reach the details of dobby mechanisms type like as of single , double and negative dobby systems.
End breakage at ring frame. Ring frame machine breakageMukulpratapHarijan
End breakage at ring frame thier causes and solution. Effect of end breakage. Ring frame breakage. Fault of end breakage. PPT and PDF of end breakage. Solution of less efficiency of ring frame machine
Knowing the basics of raw material, yarn production process and the other factors influencing quality will put the sourcing manager at the same eye level as a spinner /supplier when negotiating quality issues.
As a consequence this puts the sourcing manager in the position to pay the right price for the corresponding quality level.
This kind of know-how supports a retailer enormously in his efforts to establish a reliable supply chain which is based on mutual understanding.
Cotton is a natural fibre available easily and abundant quantity. It is a most suitable fibre for textile spinning & clothing due to it’s good spinnability & human friendly characteristics. As cotton is a natural fibre hence it’s properties also affected with several other factors which create variation in fibre properties, these variations also affect spinning processes & it’s products Quality in multi dimensions. Each fibre characteristic impact individually and collectively on spinning process or at ultimate product quality. Revolutionary changes observed in last two decade in the field of spinning machineries where processing speeds greatly increased to enhance production rate. Not only production rate of spinning machines increased but speeds of it’s downstream processes also increased simultaneously which requires better quality of yarn for smooth process and without any interruption to get the maximum efficiency. Hence now it is most important to co-relate fibre properties with respect to it’s consumer process competency. In this article we will discuss the different cotton properties and it’s impact on spinning process and product quality in present prospective and will try to minimize the impact of poor fibre properties on process or product Quality through better Mixing plan selection.
INTRODUCTION
The ring spinning will continue to be the most widely used form of spinning machine in the near future, because it exhibits significant advantages in comparison with the new spinning processes.
Following are the advantages of ring spinning frame
• It is universally applicable, i.e. any material can be spun to any required count
• It delivers a material with optimum characteristics, especially with regard to structure and strength.
• It is simple and easy to master
• The know-how is well established and accessible for everyone
Hairiness is characterized by the quantity of freely moving fibre ends or fibre loops projecting from a yarn or textile fabric (woven, knitted or non woven fabrics).
In term of measurement Hairiness corresponds to the total length of the protruding fibres in unit length of one centimeter.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
1. SLUB YARN &
ITS MEASUREMENT
A.MURALIKRISHNAN
LECTURER – TEXTILES
P.A.C.RAMASAMYRAJA POLYTECHNIC COLLGE,
RAJAPALAYAM, TAMILNADU, INDIA
Email: muralikct@rediffmail.com
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
2. Definition of Slub
“Yarn that is spun intentionally to achieve an irregular shape, in
terms of length and diameter.”
Or
“Yarn that has been purposely spun with thicker sections
along the yarn”.
• It was before seen only as a defect but slub yarn is now
intentionally created to give fabric with more personality.
• However, slub yarn reduces the durability of the fabric as the
yarn inherently has weak spots.
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
4. FABRICS FROM SLUB YARN
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
5. Whether Slub measurement is necessary ?
• How many slubs per unit length are produced
• What is the slub distribution
• What is the size, their distance and the mass increase
• What is the relation between the settings of slub
device and the resulting yarn
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
6. Importance of slub measurement
• Slub yarns are used in textile for various applications
• An accurate determination of slub characteristics is also
required for negotiations and specifications between slub
yarn spinners and weavers, traders and retailers
• Uster / Premier developed software called Fancy yarn
profile (FYP) for slub measurement.
• FYP offers comprehensive analysis of slub types by means
of various values and graphs
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
7. Purpose of FYP measurement
• Daily quality control in order to compare the
reproducibility and to compare machine settings
• To provide information for the spinner to create and
develop new pattern
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
8. Types of slub
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
9. • Slub length bottom – Length measured at the bottom of
trapezoid
• Slub length – Half of the height of trapezoid
• Mass Increase – From the base to the top of Trapezoid
• Ratio T/B – Top to bottom: Gives an indication about the
steepness of ramps of yarn
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
10. • Slub distance: Half of trapezoid height between the
end of previous slub to the start of subsequent slub.
• Slub populations: different size of slub is called
populations.
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
11. • Mass decrease (left /Right)
– Mass decrease before and after a slub can lead to severe weak places
in the yarn.
– Affects the performance of subsequent machine / Process
– Only mass decreases within a distance of 3cm on left and right side of
slub are evaluated.
– A mass decrease counted, if mass drops below 30% of base yarn
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
12. Summary of slub specifications
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
13. Slub production
• Amsler system
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
14. Slub measurement in Uster
• Parallel plate capacitor is used for slub ( which is
similar to one used for yarn)
• Equipment must have Fancy Yarn profile option
• Recommended test length – 1000m at 400 m/min
• Slub manufacturer recommended speed – 50 m/min
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
15. Sample Numerical output from UT5
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
16. Sample Diagram – For slub yarn
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
17. Sample Diagram – Base yarn
( slub removed)
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
18. Sample Sequence diagram
• Used to make a pattern in the sequence of slub
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
19. Sample Histogram for slub length
• Two kind of population in the slub yarn
• Population 1 – from 4 cm to 8 cm
• Population 2 – from 11cm to 23 cm
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
20. Sample Histogram for slub distance
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
21. Sample Histogram for mass increase
• Mass increase is between 90% and 250%
based on a 0% reference level.
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
22. Sample Classification matrix
• It is a tool to quickly check the distribution of slub
• Mass increase divided into 5 classes
• Slub length is divided into 8 classes
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
23. Determination of
Slub defects by Uster
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
24. Detection of missing slubs
• For a length of 40 meters , no slubs were produced.
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
25. Slubs are not produced correctly
• Fault : The mass increase is too low
• Causes: The drive of slub insertion device is
not strong enough
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
26. Yarn mix up in Slub
• Two different slub yarn mixed together
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
27. In correct repeat pattern
• This will not be identified in mass diagram. Only represented in sequence
diagram
• There are always two slubs repeating after a short distance and the
pattern repeats itself after a Longer distance again.
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu
28. REFERENCES
• Measurement of slub yarns- Part 1 basics:
Application report, www.uster.com
• Measurement of slub yarns – Part II: Application
report, www.uster.com
• Measurement of slub yarn with Uster Tester 4 :
Application report, www.uster.com
• Fabric simulation, slub and fancy yarn measurement,
Premier tester iQ2 – Technical brochures,
www.premier-1.com
Compiled by A.Muralikrishnan, PACR Polytechnic college, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu