Rrw02 Week 1 Assignment

Rrw02 Week 1 Assignment
During my INRW 0302 class, the professor helped me to get into the internship. That internship
helps me learn about our career before taking the class. Unfortunately, the internship was not
completed is because I was too late to tell the employer about my driver license number. As the
result, they did not call me to work and I really feel nothing to worry about; because they can just
contact me after the holiday. If they did not call me; there is nothing for me to worry about. To learn
about my career better, I went to AsimAli channel and search computer science. The video showed
as Lecture 0 – Introduction to Computer Science I, it talks the computer science is fast growing a
career. The video tells that the computer scientist must learn to know what is Binary, ASCII.
Algorithms, Pseudocode, Source code, Compiler, Object code, Scratch, Statements, Boolean
expressions, Conditions, Loops, Variables, Functions, Arrays, Threads, Events. The binary number
system is a central role that how information is stored on computers. It made up of electronic
circuits, which have 2 states: on and off. ASCII stands for American Standard Code for ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Algorithms are set of steps for solving a problem; algorithms also make the program faster. For
example, when you are checkers games and you want the user to be able to play against the
computer. Computer scientist must figure how to a checkers' program that never loses by using the
minimax search algorithm to search through the huge tree of possible moves. Another interesting
topic that I learned in the video is object code. Object code is the output of a compiler after
processes source code; source code was written by a human in a programming language for a
computer program. A compiler is a conversion of source code into object code. Object code is
usually a CPU, but sometimes it designed to convert source code into an assembly language or into
some other programming
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Grace Hopper Character Traits
Grace Hopper's Traits
Grace Hopper was an American Computer Scientist and U.S. Navy rear admiral. She was also
known as the Queen of Computing, Queen of Coding, Admiral Grace, and more. She created the
first compiler, a program, that translated human readable language into computer executable
machine language. She was an example of creativity, intelligence, and perseverance.
Grace Hopper believed that (We've always done it that way) was not always a good reason to
continue to do it that way. She was creative in her thinking. She believed that computer programs
could be written in English. She developed Flow–matic which was a compiler that could
"understand" 20 statements in English to be used in business.
Grace Hopper

Case Study: Magon M. Saunders, Diabetes Institute
Magon M. Saunders, diabetes educator, health coach, and registered licensed dietitian presently
serves as a Program Development Consultant in the Program Implementation Branch of the
Division of Diabetes Translation at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). At CDC,
Magon works to provide technical assistance and support to state and national grantees. Magon also
provides her expertise to various groups at CDC, including, the Center's health equity, community
health workers, and community clinical linkages workgroups. Nationally, Magon represents the
agency as a member of both the American Diabetes Association's Cultural Competency Workgroup
as well as its African American Diabetes Action Council. Prior to coming to CDC, Magon

Essay on Cis Memory Management
CIS:328
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to show how memory is used in executing programs and its critical
support for applications. C++ is a general purpose programming language that runs programs using
memory management. Two operating system environments are commonly used in compiling,
building and executing C++ applications. These are the windows and UNIX / Linux (or some UNIX
/ Linux derivative) operating system. In this paper we will explore the implementation of memory
management, processes and threads.
Memory Management
What is a Memory Model?
A memory model allows a compiler to perform many important optimizations. Even simple
compiler optimizations like loop fusion move statements in the program can influence the ... Show
Other functions need to be used to segment the virtual memory pages into useful segments. Since
virtual memory is allocated by pages, a number of special paging features can be used on virtual
memory that cannot be used on other types of memory. For instance, pages can be locked (to
prevent read/write access), or they can be protected from any particular access mode (read, write,
execute).
Heap memory and allocating a memory block
Each program is provided with a default process heap, but a process may optionally allocate any
number of additional heaps, if more storage is needed. The heap functions will manage their virtual
memory usage automatically, and therefore heaps can be set to grow if they are being filled up with
data. If a heap is allowed to grow automatically, the heap functions will automatically allocate
additional pages as needed. On the x86 architecture the heap grows in size towards higher memory
addresses.
To use heap memory, a heap must first be allocated (or a handle must be obtained to the default
heap). Once you have obtained a handle to a heap, you can pass that handle to the memory
allocation functions, to allocate memory from that particular heap.
Managing process specific memory

The cpu executes a large number of programs while its main concern is the excution of uer
programs, the cpu is also needed for other system activities. These activities arecalled processs. A
process is a program in execution. Typically a batch job is a process.

Python : A Popular Computer Program
Python is a programming language that lets you work quickly and integrate systems more
effectively. (Python. The Python) Python is a popular computer program. It can be used for work,
school sources, or just for enjoyment. The program has been and is still being used in some popular
internet sources and even film. Here is some information about computer programs and
programmers in general. A compiled language is when you enter code, and the program changes it
into machine–specific instructions. An interpreted language code stays the same as the format
entered, but is slower because it is interpreted and not converted to make more sense to the
computer. Python uses interpreted code, which is one of the reasons it is so easy to use, but also
causes it to be somewhat slower. As a job, programmers can earn $22.7K to 65.2K per year. System
programmers write and test specialized computer software called operating systems (Wallner).
Operating systems (OS) manages computer data and provides common services for computer
programs. They also debug, identify why the program is working unreliably, and discuss errors.
Professionals need to understand statistics and other higher level math. They need to know technical
terms and what different computer symbols mean. Two important parts of a computer are the
software and hard drive, but they aren't the same thing. Software is what a computer can do and
what it can run, such as Microsoft Word and even web browsers are software.. The hard

Nimrod: A new Programming Language
Numerous amounts of companies and individuals write code to make large and small projects more
efficient and easier to fathom. In 2014, Nimrod became a new systems programming language.
Nimrod, a new language with a high metaprogramming support, which is programming, but its
basically writing code that writes code. Also generics and exception tracking built in, with optional
garbage collection. Nimrod is compatible to compile with C, C++, Objective–C, or Java Script.
"Generic programming is a style of computer programming is which algorithms are written in terms
of to–be–specified–later that are the instantiated when needed for specific types provided as
parameters". In other words, it is occupying or reusing an algorithm and changing its
implementations. Garbage collection is an automatic memory management and heap allocation that
developments and distinguishes dormant memory block and reallocates storage for recycle. The
initial job of garbage collection is to reduce or eliminate memory lost. This will create more
memory; thus, running the program more efficient. Nimrod is competing with the top computer
language in the world, C programming being the main rival. Andreas Rumpf is the creator of
Nimrod programming language. He created this programming language during his leisure time.
Andreas Rumpf works for a top private company. During his career, Andreas persistently
endeavored to construct his own start–up, which would permit him to program in Nimrod full–time.
Over

Grace Hopper Research Papers
Melia Dotson
Mrs. Montague
Algebra 1A
4 September 2017 Grace Hopper
My report is on Grace Brewster Murray Hopper who was a proud American computer scientist and
United States Navy rear admiral. She was born in The Big Apple, New York City, on December 9,
1906, and tragically died in Arlington, Virginia on January 1, 1992. Mrs. Grace Hopper was an
amazingly accomplished woman who had lived a full life. In fact, she was close to being the first
programmer of the Harvard Mark I computer. Like the hard worker she is, Grace worked for years
and invented one of the first compiler related tools. The idea of machine–independent programming
languages was merely another concept until Grace resurfaced the notion, making it much more
popular, which

The Modeling Technique That You Were Assigned For Your Own...
Final Exam
1. Describe the modeling technique that you were assigned in your own words.
The modeling technique that I was assigned Extended Backus Naur Form (EBNF). In software
engineering, expanded Backus–Naur frame (EBNF) is a group of metasyntax documentations, any
of which can be utilized to express a setting free sentence structure. EBNF is utilized to make a
formal depiction of a formal language which can be a PC programming language. They are
augmentations of the fundamental Backus–Naur frame (BNF) metasyntax documentation. EBNF is
a code that communicates the sentence structure of a formal language. An EBNF comprises of
terminal images and non–terminal creation rules which are the limitations administering how
terminal images can be joined into a legitimate arrangement. Cases of terminal images incorporate
alphanumeric characters, accentuation marks, and whitespace characters. BNF is the first, most
straightforward, for the most part utilized as a part of scholarly papers of hypothetical setting, for
conveying to people, instead of being utilized as a part of compiler or parser. EBNF implies
Extended BNF. There 's not one single EBNF, but rather numerous.
Reusing existing syntax learning dwelling in gauges, speciﬁcations and manuals for programming
dialects, confronts a few difficulties. A standout amongst the most signiﬁcant of them is the differing
qualities of syntactic documentations: without loss of all inclusive statement, we can express that
each and

Maghazi Literature
American University of Sharjah Department of Arabic ARA 301 The Maghazi Literature Name: |
Lieth Al–Fityani | July 21, 2011 Abstract Arabic was chiefly a spoken language with an oral
literature of elaborate poetry and, to a lesser extent, prose. It is certainly known that the revelation of
Quran had an important impact on the development of the Arabic literature. In the pre–Islamic era,
both poetry and prose dealt with a restricted range of topics; however with the rise of Islam and the
revelation of Quran, the range of topics had expanded dramatically to encourage for developments
in prose and poetry. In this paper, I provide a historical overview about the development of the
Maghazi literature in Islamic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
3. Characteristics of Maghazi literature: 3.1 Presentation: The three compilers used the isnad as a
presentational mechanism to introduce their accounts just as it is used in the Sirah literature. Musa b.
'Uqba used the collective isnad in his writings, where he mentioned a couple of the latest authorities
and hid the full isnad of the account; he also introduced some accounts by the phrase "Musa b.
'Uqba said, from al–Zuhari...," as Kritzeck (1975) affirms. Ibn Ishaq, in his writings about maghazi,
rarely completed his isnad, and in many times he just chose to neglect to refer to any authority; for
instance, he introduced some of the accounts by saying: "One whom I do not trust related to me...."
This technique of using the collective isnad in the case of Musa b. 'Uqba or hiding some of it or
sometimes all of it in the case of Ibn Ishaq raises many questions concerning the authenticity of the
Maghazi literature. On the other hand, Kritzeck (1975) states that al–Waqidi used the methodology
of collective isnad as well but in a more systematic way. He used to introduce the account with a list
of the authorities then follow it with the statement: "each of them related to me a portion of this,
some being more detailed in their accounts, and others have related to me also. I wrote down all that
they related to me: they said...." He also mentions that al–Waqidi's

Assembly Language
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE
An assembly language is a low–level programming language for a computer, microcontroller, or
other programmable device, in which each statement corresponds to a single machine code
instruction. Each assembly language is specific to a particular computer architecture, in contrast to
most high–level programming languages, which are generally portable across multiple systems.
Assembly language is converted into executable machine code by a utility program referred to as an
assembler; the conversion process is referred to as assembly, or assembling the code.
Assembly language uses a mnemonic to represent each low–level machine operation or opcode.
Some opcodes require one or more operands as part of the instruction, and most ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The popular arcade game NBA Jam (1993) is another example. Assembly language has long been
the primary development language for many popular home computers of the 1980s and 1990s (such
as the Sinclair ZX Spectrum, Commodore 64, Commodore Amiga, and Atari ST). This was in large
part because BASIC dialects on these systems offered insufficient execution speed, as well as
insufficient facilities to take full advantage of the available hardware on these systems. Some
systems, most notably the Amiga, even have IDEs with highly advanced debugging and macro
facilities, such as the freeware ASM–One assembler, comparable to that of Microsoft Visual Studio
facilities (ASM–One predates Microsoft Visual Studio).
The Assembler for the VIC–20 was written by Don French and published by French Silk. At 1,639
bytes in length, its author believes it is the smallest symbolic assembler ever written. The assembler
supported the usual symbolic addressing and the definition of character strings or hex strings. It also
allowed address expressions which could be combined with addition, subtraction, multiplication,
division, logical AND, logical OR, and exponentiation operators.
COMPILER
A compiler is a computer program (or set of programs) that transforms source code written in a
programming language (the source language) into another computer language (the target language,
often having a binary form known as object code). The most common reason for wanting

Learning Journal Entry
Your learning journal entry must be a reflective statement that considers the following questions:
1. Describe what you did. This does not mean that you copy and paste from what you have posted or
the assignments you have prepared. You need to describe what you did and how you did it.
Before I write anything in the discussion forums or an assignment, I generally complete all of my
readings and notes. For my notes I use mostly the Cornell Method of note taking, and all of my
notes for each week are contained within individual weekly documents files, explicitly dated and
titled. When taking notes I generally read a paragraph or two and then try to shorten down the key
points. Most typical notes are taken on a computer, however, like in the case ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
My skepticism is also returning a bit more, and I find myself not accepting information unless there
is reason to (i.e. sourced, well established,... ). Additionally, I think that I am more motivated in the
recent months to work more at my hobbies that I have been neglecting.
4. What am I realizing about myself as a learner? That I really enjoy working hard, and learning. I
had thought that I had started to lose some of my interest in learning over the last few years,
fortunately though, this is not the case. Also, I used to not really enjoy writing essays, however, I am
actually enjoying the process a lot now.
5. In what ways am I able to apply the ideas and concepts gained to my own experience?
One of the most important aspects of a programming is their ability to solve problems. I hope that I
continue to take this concept to heart in the years to come. If I continue to enjoy the process of
problem solving and by extension critical thinking then I believe that my life will become very
simple, and instead of having a bunch of unsolvable issues, I could have easily solvable

Grace Hopper: A Conveyor At Vassar
Grace Hopper was born in 1906, in New York City. She would become one of the most renowned
computer scientists and mathematicians in existence. Hopper majoring in both math and physics
during her time at Vassar in 1928, afterwards she went on to study for two years until she received
her Masters in mathematics at Yale. She became a mathematics teacher at Vassar College. She went
into the Navy Reserves during World War II, this was during her time teaching at Vassar so she
received a leave of absence.
During her time in the Navy, she worked on the Mark I computer, a computer that had to run a
program over if implosion would be an actual choice in detonating the atomic bomb that would be
used later that year. Hopper continued at the Harvard

The Compilers Of The Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon
The highest wisdom, as far as I can see, is when you have no ability to affirm one thing and deny the
other, leave them both to your descendants. The compilers of the Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon
might not think this way but fortunately, they did this way. Therefore, a variety of heterogeneous
ideas, theories and concepts have been transmitted for a long time down to our hands (Unschuld, p.
76). In the history of TCM, every time when the country went from unification to division, new
medical knowledge was infused with the older and every time when it returned from division to
unification, they were integrated together. The political/ideological pluralism is seemingly
unsuitable for a centralized country with such large territory and population, ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Even the illness etiology (e.g. evil wind) and the formulas of prescriptions (monarchs, ministers,
assistants and emissaries) are also confusingly irrelevant to medicine (Lloyd & Sivin, p. 233).
Indeed, they are the products of intuitive thinking and analogical reasoning by the ancient Chinese
people, considerably different from the logical thinking and deductive/inductive reasoning in
western culture. However, this is exactly the reason why the theoretical paradigm of TCM is so
inclusive: the accumulation of medical knowledge is not based on logical experiments, but on
intuitive experiences without standards or unity, hence it is multi–directional; the relationship
between two things is not elicited from deductions or inductions which require clear preconditions,
but from analogical similes, hence it is multi–faceted (Chang & Zhang, p. 12; Leung, p. 121). For
instance, the concept pair "Yang" and "Yin" can be seen as a symbol of any two opposite yet
complementary objects existing everywhere and perceived by everyone, such as day and night, hot
and cold, man and woman (Unschuld, p. 55). The dynamic changing between Yang–qi and Yin–qi
represents the mutual transformation from one natural force to another corresponding one (Leung, p.
20). This paradigm is like an infinite web into which anything can be included but not fixed.

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Programming Language
I . Abstract
Programming Languages are important part of some peoples' life, but not all of programming
languages are needed to learn. In these days, programming languages very popular in the world, but
still have their specializations, and each language has its own advantages and disadvantages. We can
discuss comparison of programming languages in this project.
II . Introduction
Language programming language evolved to communicate design diet tips machines, in particular
computer. Programming languages may be used to create programs for controlling the behavior of
the machine or to express algorithms. Over thousands of different programming languages in the
field of information and more are created every year has been established, in particular. Vocabulary
and grammar proposal to instruct the computer to perform certain tasks. Firstly, we have to know
what is programming language? The term usually refers to programming languages, such as high
BASIC, C, C ++, COBOL, FORTRAN, Ada and Pascal. Every language has a unique set of
keywords (words that are used) and a special syntax for organizing the program instructions. Some
languages are defined in the specification (e.g., the C programming language defined ISO), while
other languages (such as Perl) dominant application is considered as a reference. ... Show more
Any other type of CPU has its own machine language.
Programming Language, to make the required calculations, to store the data obtained and input /
output devices to send data to / receive is the language used to make such transactions. A specific
syntax of the programming languages as in natural language (syntax) is. Programming languages not
only with applications that run on computers, electronic devices with applications running on other
processors and memory is

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Jat
An inventory strategy companies employ to increase and decrease waste by receiving goods only as
they are needed in the production process, thereby reducing inventory costs.
In computing, just in time compilation JIT, also known as dynamic translation, compilation is done
during execution of a program at run time rather than prior to execution. Most often this consists of
translation to machine code, which is then executed directly, but can also refer to translation to the
another format.
There are two types of JIT compilation is a combination of the two traditional approaches translation
which is machine code ahead of time compilation and the other is interpretation and combines some
advantages and drawbacks of both. Roughly, JIT compilation ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Just in time manufacturing, also known as just in time production or the Toyota production system is
a methodology aimed primarily at reducing flow times within production as well as response times
from suppliers and to customers.
Continuous flow manufacturing and demand flow manufacturing a term handed down from
consultant john Constanta at his institute of technology in Colorado. Still another alternate was
mentioned by Godard, who said that Toyota production system is often mistakenly referred to as the
kanban system, and pointed out that kanban is but one element of TPS as well as JIT production. As
is often the case with management initiatives, some firm's consultancies and writers have posed
alternate terms for JIT manufacturing. Motorola's choice was short cycle

Growing Rate Of Incoming Streaming Data Essay
1.4.5 SCALABILITY
Growing rate of incoming streaming data is indefinite. Even though the arrival rate of update
transactions are not predefined, system processor has to adapt the stream data flow as it grows
continuously. Adaptive Stream Query Processor is designed and implemented to execute continuous
queries and to adapt indefinite data flow by clustering, proper indexing so as to reduce the storage
space and fast retrieval of streaming data.
STREAM PROCESSOR
Streaming processing is the ideal platform to process data streams. Stream processing is designed to
analyze and act on real–time streaming data, using continuous queries i.e. SQL–type queries that
operate over time and buffer windows. Essential to stream analytics is Stream Processing, or the
ability to continuously calculate mathematical or statistical analytics on the fly within the stream.
Stream processing solutions are designed to handle high volume in real time with a scalable, highly
available and fault tolerant architecture. This enables analysis of data in motion. Finally query
processing is used to retrieve useful information from the stream data.
A Stream Query Processor is proposed to achieve fast retrieval of streaming data. Stream Query
Processor architecture is represented in Fig. 1.2. volume Figure 1.2 Stream Processor Input data are
arriving as stream continuously. The incoming data are time–variant and embedded with timestamp.
Hence, timestamp is used as one of the attribute along with

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Cisc
There has always been an age–old debate over the advantages and disadvantages of a Reduced
Instruction Set Computer(RISC) in contrast to its predecessor a Complex Instruction Set
Computer(CISC). These processors differ vastly in structure, methods of execution and usability.
RISC is a Central Processing Unit(CPU) design strategy that uses simpler, smaller instruction sets
resulting in faster performance speeds. It has an assembly language that is designed so that each task
is broken down into very simple instructions that are each executed once per clock cycle. In
comparison CISC is a CPU design strategy based on single instructions, which are capable of
performing multi–step operations but unfortunately has a slower clock speed. The majority ... Show
In recent years, it has become very common to hear the words HLL (high level language) in any
computer environment. The only disadvantage with HLL is that computers are not able to
understand it, hence one must transform this language into something a computer can easily read
and understand i.e.) Machine Language. A compiler in CISC and RISC is simply a system software
that transforms HLL into machine code. It also performs diagnostics, for example error detection.
RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) is a Central Processing Unit(CPU) design strategy that
has an assembly language that is designed so that each task is broken down into very simple
instructions that are each executed once per clock cycle. This processor simplifies the compiler
design by using identical general–purpose registers which allows any register to be used in any
context. Within RISC, HLL compilers can produce a far more efficient code due to its overall small
set of instructions. The performance of the RISC processors depends mostly on the compiler or
programmer as the knowledge of the compiler plays a major role while converting the CISC code to
a RISC code; hence, the quality of the generated code depends on the

Analysis and Critique of Reading Assignment 1 Paper...
Analysis and Critique of Reading Assignment 1 Paper "Limits of Instruction–Level Parallelism"
In this report the author provides quantifiable results that show the available parallelism. The report
defines various terminologies like Instruction Level parallelism, dependencies, Branch Prediction,
Data Cache Latency, Jump prediction, Memory–address alias analysis etc. used clearly. A total of
eighteen test programs with seven models have been examined and the results show significant
effects of the variations on the standard models. The seven models reflect parallelism that is
available by various compiler/architecture techniques like branch prediction, register renaming etc.
The lack of branch prediction means that it finds intra–block ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Though this is a good way to increase the available parallelism, but loop unrolling schemes have
difficulty in scheduling instructions efficiently with variable latency dependencies. The new
techniques of dynamic history–based approach to increase parallelism is branch prediction allow us
to benefit from a large branch predictor, enhancing success rates that are still improving slightly
even when we are using a 1–megabit predictor. The fair model is relatively insensitive to the size of
the predictor, though even a tiny 4–bit predictor improves the mean parallelism by 50%. The same is
evident in case of the Great model wherein the three most parallel programs are quite insensitive to
the size of the predictor. We look for paths of few conditional branches, up to the fanout limit, but
that we do not look past branches beyond that point. After the fanout limit is reached dynamic
prediction is used to look for instructions from the one predicted path to schedule. When fanout is
followed by good branch prediction, the fanout does not affect much. Parallelism via jump
prediction; Subroutine with return–ring technique are used. Smaller the return–prediction ring
improves some programs a lot, even under the Great model. A large return ring,

Basic C Input / Output, Expressions And Functions
Basic C Input/Output, expressions and functions
Part 1 – Research
What are embedded Systems?
An embedded systems is a computer system with one or more specific tasks within a larger machine
or system. Generally at the heart of an embedded system is a microprocessor that would control
some input and output devices. Embedded systems often face much stricter constraints than most
general purpose computer systems so they are much harder to program[1].
Fig 0 [3]
The main constraints an embedded system may face are[2]:
1)Real time –
Real time is when a system must respond to an event within a strict deadline that would affect the
safety or usability of the device.
2)Low power –
Most embedded systems have a limited power supply so they have to save energy while doing their
tasks.
3)Low cost –
Some embedded systems are intended to be mass produced and therefore the cost per unit must be
optimized often this means getting a 'less sophisticated' processor or interface components to do the
work needed.
4)Reliability –
Embedded systems are often ingrained deep inside a complex system and it may expensive,
impractical or dangerous to repair these devices frequently. Therefore some embedded systems must
be as reliable as possible.
5)Computing performance –
6) Size and weight– some embedded systems
Since embedded system are targeted at very specific tasks this makes it much easier to optimize for
the particular application than you could with general purpose computer[3].
Uses

Code Fragments of Parse::RecDescent
Answer : start : As Bs Cs { start.ok := (As.val == Bs.val == Cs.val) } As: : a As { As.val_left :=
As.val_right + 1 | '' { As.val := 0 } Bs: : b Bs { Bs.val_left := Bs.val_right + 1 # | '' { Bs.val := 0 }
Cs: : c Cs { Cs.val_left := Cs.val_right + 1 | '' { Cs.val := 0 } I expect that this can be done entirely
within Parse::RecDescent (ParseRecDescent does allow code fragments quite like what I have
above) And that might be in fact interesting because it'd show if the the attributes on the right are
available before they're needed. Since Parse::RecDescent is recursive descent, and therefore goes
depth first left–to–right, I think that'd work in one pass. I'm sure this is S–attributed. (Attribute rules
for things on the left depend only on things on the right, i.e. their direct children, so bottom–up
works.) Turns out its also L–attributed (top–down left–to–right has what's needed in order) which is
I believe what Parse::RecDescent needs to do it in one pass. See abc_2.pl for a Parse::RecDescent
for that version. But here I'm doing something conceptually simpler, I think, though it does require
more code. First I'm using Parse::RecDesent's <autotree> feature to generate a parse tree, and then
once its in hand I'm explicitly applying an attribute grammar at each node using a depth–first

What Is The Modes Of A Machine?
Reduction in Strength: => Reduction in strength replaces expensive operations by equivalent
cheaper ones on the target machine. Certain machine instructions are considerably cheaper than
others and can often be used as special cases of more expensive operators. => For example, x² is
invariably cheaper to implement as x*x than as a call to an exponentiation routine. Fixed–point
multiplication or division by a power of two is cheaper to implement as a shift. Floating–point
division by a constant can be implemented as multiplication by a constant, which may be cheaper.
X2 → X*X Use of Machine Idioms: => The target machine may have hardware instructions to
implement certain specific operations efficiently. For example, some machines have ... Show more
Each symbol in a program has associated with it a series of attributes that are derived both from the
syntax and semantics of the source language and from the symbol's declaration and use in the
particular program. The typical attributes include a series of relatively obvious things, such as the
symbol's name, type, scope, and size. Others, such as its addressing method, may be less obvious.
The constituents of a symbol table are namely, the symbol–table entries. A symbol–table entry
collects together the attributes of a particular symbol in a way that allows them to be easily set and
retrieved. Table 1 lists a typical set of attributes for a symbol. The provision of both size and
boundary on the one hand and bit size and bitbdry on the other allows for both unpacked and packed
data representations. A type referent is either a pointer to or the name of a structure representing a
constructed type (in ican, lacking pointers, we would use the latter). The provision of type, basetype,
and machtype allows us to specify, for example, that the Pascal type array [1..3,1..5] of char has for
its type field a type referent such as t2, whose

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Printers
Introduction Since the earliest digital electronic computers, instruction sets have tended to grow
larger and more complex. The MARK–1 (in 1948) had seven instruction of trivial complexity, yet a
contemporary machine like the VAX has more than three hundred instructions. In addition, its
instructions can be more complicated. Any high performance implementation of the VAX has to rely
on complex implementation techniques such as pipelining, caches and prefetching. During the late
sixties, there was much experimentation with very complex instructions. It was made possible by the
interpreter. Hardly anyone thought of designing simpler machines. In 1970, a group led by IBM's
John Cocke, worked on a high–performance minicomputer, named the 801. IBM never marketed
this machine but ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
RISC allows freedom of using the space on microprocessors because of its simplicity. Instead of
using Stack, many RISC processors use the registers for passing arguments and holding the local
variables. RISC functions uses only a few parameters, and the RISC processors cannot use the call
instructions, and therefore, use a fixed length instructions which are easy to pipeline. The speed of
the operation can be maximized and the execution time can be minimized. Very less number of
instruction formats (less than four), a few number of instructions (around 150) and a few addressing
modes (less than four) are needed. Disadvantage of RISC With the increase in the length of the
instructions, the complexity increases for the RISC processors to execute due to its character cycle
per instruction. The performance of the RISC processors depends mostly on the compiler or the
programmer as the knowledge of the compiler plays a major role while converting the CISC code to
a RISC code; hence, the quality of the generated code depends on the

The Basic Level For A Good Programmer
Abstract of the Project: The compilers are the softwares which translates the computer language
(source code) into a language more basic to the machine level. The languages such as C, C++, etc
are some famous compilers. In this project, the main concept was about the understanding of
compilers but the best way to explain was with the help of famous and easy Object Oriented
Programming language C++.
The project gives the vivid and simple view of C++ from the most basic level to the required high
level for a good programmer. The project can be treated as a book on C++ in simple language by the
student & for the student. The project later on comprises of topics from the basic level – Identifiers
and keywords, Data types, operators and types of operators then to an upper level – Operator
Overloading, Polymorphism, Inheritance, Encapsulation, Constructors and Destructors, Inline
functions, etc. All the topics are discussed precisely and in simple language with suitable examples.
1. Introduction:
A compiler is a computer program that translates a computer program written in one computer
language (source language) into an equivalent program written in another computer language (target
language). Interpreter is similar to compiler but interpreter compiles line by line while compiler
compiles as a whole. Examples: C, C++, BASIC, COBAL, etc. The C programming language has
been used for last few decades for almost all the applications. Recently, the C++ with Object
Oriented

Anti Virus Program Running On Your Computer Essay
Do you have an anti–virus program running on your computer? If you don 't you will be interested
in this article. Every computer should have an anti–virus program at all times. Running a computer
without an anti–virus program is a computer looking for a virus.Would you like to know how to get
a great anti–virus program for free? There are tons of anti–viruses out there today. You usually get
Norton or one similarly with your computer when you purchase the computer brand new. Most of
these anti–virus programs last only a year then you have to renew by purchasing the program; this
can get expensive. Everyone is looking for a way to cut cost these days but when it comes to your
investment of your computer you have to be careful or your computer could be in the shop more
than in your home. There are something 's you have to know if you already have an anti–virus
program running on your computer. 1. Every one of the anti–viruses out there will slow your
computer down, you can 't stop this but some will slow down your computer more than others. The
anti–virus programs that have the works can slow your computer down drastically compared to the
simpler one. The free anti–virus that I 'm talking about will slow down your computer less than the
hot ones on the market. 2. Almost every anti–virus program out there ranges from $30 to $100
dollars and you have to renew every year. Every anti–virus has to update every day or every two
days for it to receive any new virus watches that

Admiral Grace Hopper's Biography
Admiral Grace Hopper
Admiral Grace Hopper was a computer scientist and the first woman Rear Admiral in the United
States Navy. Hopper invented the first compiler for a computer programming language, tackled the
original computer bug and helped program the 1944 Harvard Mark 1 computer. Her outspoken
support of machine–independent programming languages led to the creation of COBOL, one of the
very first high–level computer programming languages. Admiral Grace Hopper's quote, "You
manage things, you lead people," still exists as a modern leadership mantra.
==Youth and Education==
Grace Brewster Murray was born on December 9, 1906, in New York City, New York, the oldest of
three to parents Mary Campbell Van Horne and Walter Fletcher Murray.Williams, 2003 Her father
and her mother's father, John Van Horne, worked as insurance brokers. Her mother showed great
interest in mathematics and often accompanied John Van Horne on surveying trips he did as a New
York City senior civil engineer. Although society ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She joined Howard H. Aiken, the head of computer programming staff on the Mark I. They
coauthored three papers on the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator known as Mark 1. She
requested transfer to the regular navy, but they decided her due to her age at 38. She continued
working at the Harvard Computational Lab until 1949. She turned down an off from Vassar for a full
professorship to conduct research with the Harvard Navy contract.Williams, 2003 Before leaving
Harvard, she authored a Manual of Operations for the Automatic Sequence–Controlled Calculator.
The 500–page manual outlined the fundamental principles for operating computing machines. She
also successfully described the first computer bug. Vincent Hopper, her husband, perished serving
the U.S. military in 1945.National Women's History Museum,

Java Programming
Introduction
Java was developed by a team led by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems. Originally called Oak, it
was designed in 1991 for use in embedded consumer electronic appliances. In 1995, renamed Java,
it was redesigned for developing Internet applications.
Java is a full–featured, general–purpose programming language that is capable of developing robust
mission–critical applications. Today, it is used not only for Web programming, but also for
developing standalone applications across platforms on servers, desktops, and mobile devices. It
was used to develop the code to communicate with and control the robotic rover that rolled on Mars.
Many companies that once considered Java to be more hype than substance are now using it to
create ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
*/
Note
In addition to the two comment styles, // and /*, Java supports comments of a special type, referred
to as javadoc comments. javadoc comments begin with /** and end with */. They are used for
documenting classes, data, and methods. They can be extracted into an HTML file using JDK's
javadoc command.
1.10.2. Reserved Words
Reserved words, or keywords, are words that have a specific meaning to the compiler and cannot be
used for other purposes in the program. For example, when the compiler sees the word class, it
understands that the word after class is the name for the class. Other reserved words in Listing 1.1
are public, static, and void. Their use will be introduced later in the book.
Tip
Because Java is case–sensitive, public is a reserved word, but Public is not. Nonetheless, for clarity
and readability, it would be best to avoid using reserved words in other forms.
1.10.3. Modifiers
Java uses certain reserved words called modifiers that specify the properties of the data, methods,
and classes and how they can be used. Examples of modifiers are public and static. Other modifiers
are private, final, abstract, and protected. A public datum, method, or class can be accessed by other
classes. A private datum or method cannot be accessed by other classes.
1.10.4. Statements

A statement represents an action or a sequence of actions. The statement
System.out.println("Welcome to Java!"); in the program in Listing 1.1 is a statement to

Unit 7 Computer Programming Research Paper
Explain sequence, selection and iteration as used in computer programming. Sequence in
programming is when an event or action takes place in the program leads to another action which
has been ordered, also none of these can be skipped. This is a simple calculator I have used Integer
as my data type it works by inserting numbers or clicking numbers in numeric up and down and then
clicking onto the label which shows the total of the two answers. This shows the program when
tested this allows the user to calculate number that are added into the numeric up and down box and
when you click on one of the labels then the answer will appear as shown in the examples that I've
added. Selection uses the 'if' statement as well as others like the

Biography Of Grace Hopper And The Computer Age
Rear Admiral Grace Hopper, also known as the "Grandmother of the Computer Age" was a
remarkable woman who rose to the challenge of programming the first computer, Mark I. During
her lifetime as a leader in the field of technology she founded the basis of modern–day computer
language as we know it, essentially teaching computers to speak as well as contributing to the
transition from primitive programming techniques to the usage of sophisticated compilers. Due to
her extraordinary achievements in computer science, she paved the way for future visionaries to
further their knowledge and create the modern day technology we use today, and is recognized for
developing groundbreaking software, receiving multiple awards, and as the namesake for ... Show
She attempted to show her students the role math played in real life by offering visible examples.
During that time she also earned a Ph.D. in mathematics from Yale University – a rare
accomplishment for women of that time. (Vassar 4). Hopper had worked her way up to associate
professor of mathematics at Vassar College by the time of Pearl Harbor in 1941. However, a year
later she joined Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency (WAVE) , or the US Naval Reserve for
women, in hopes of more directly serving the war effort. After graduating from midshipmen 's
school in 1943 she was commissioned as a lieutenant and given orders to the Navy Bureau of Ships
Computation Project at Harvard University where she worked on the Mark I computer programming
staff at the Cruft laboratories, a program directed by Howard Aiken. (Isaacson 4).
Upon arriving at the lab she recalls Aikens first words to her being "Where the hell have you been?
Here, compute the coefficients of the arctangent series by next Thursday." (Hopper). Thus, she
designed her first computer program. The Mark I was completed in 1944 with the help of Hopper's
knowledge. This computing machine was in many ways unique, most impressive were its speed of
computation and its automatic ability to proceed through a series of arithmetic operations without
the need of human intervention. (Asprey 72).
The team of engineers who worked on the Mark I were faced with many challenges. Their

Hsü Teng: History Of The Later Han
Reading the biography of Hsü Teng from History of the Later Han, translated by Kenneth
DeWoskin, I noticed that the compiler's belief in the story was hard to discern. The way that the
compiler writes is mostly in descriptive sentences, and this makes it difficult to determine his/her
tone in terms of belief or disbelief. The compiler's personal belief in the supernatural is less
important than telling an enjoyable story. When the compiler mentions how, "The two looked at
each other and laughed," after they "test each other's capabilities," it is clear that he/she enjoys the
story. Considering how short the compiler is with most of the details of Hsü Teng's life, that this
laughter is even mentioned is notable. The laughter comes as a result of Hsü Teng and Chao Ping
testing each other's ability to perform magic after they vow "to use their arts to cure illness." That
laughter is because they have both succeeded at demonstrating their power, which might indicate
that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The compiler states that the shrine "is not violated, even by gnats," to this day. If this is true, then it
seems that the compiler does truly believe in the supernatural powers of Chao Ping. The compiler is
saying that Chao Ping was so supernatural that even his shrine causes nature to act in unnatural
ways. Just like the laughter that Hsü Teng and Chao Ping shared, however, there is something about
the compiler's tone in that sentence that seems odd. For as much as it is about how Chao Ping can be
supernatural, the way it ends the biography is almost like the compiler is making a joke. Saying "to
this day" almost makes it sound like the compiler is inviting the reader to visit the shrine, like he/she
is writing an ad for tourists. This is similar to the moment where Hsü Teng and Chao Ping laugh
together because it is not important to the biography, but is a fun way to tell the

Difference Between Multiprogramming And Multiprocessing
1. Problem 1 (20 points): Why is the execution environment of a Java class called a virtual machine?
How does this virtual machine compare to a real machine running code written in C? Answer: Java
files are executed on Java Virtual Machine which is not a real machine. This is a software
application which acts like a real machine and make a complete environment like heap, memory,
stack, CPU etc virtually. Basically it is layer of software between the OS and the application
program. That's why it is called a Virtual Machine. Virtual Machine will see the resources which
administrator sets in settings e.g. if we set 1 GB for virtual machine, code will use only this memory
even if real machine have more free memory. When code runs in virtual ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
5. Problem 5. (20 points) What is the difference between multiprogramming and multiprocessing?
Multiprogramming and multithreading? Answer: Difference between multiprogramming and
multiprocessing: Multiprogramming is the ability of an operating system to run multiple processes
on a single processor machine. E.g. we are running MS Word, notepad and media player on a single
CPU machine and all the running simultaneously. Multiprocessing is the ability of operating system
to run multiple processes on multiple processors (CPUs). Processes are divided and assigned to
different CPUs to perform the task. So basic difference is that if OS run multiple processes on single
processor, this is multiprogramming and if multiple processes are running on multiple CPUs is
called multiprocessing. Difference between multiprogramming and multithreading:
Multiprogramming is the ability of an operating system to run multiple processes on a single
processor machine. E.g. we are running MS Word, notepad and media player on a single CPU
machine and all the running simultaneously. Multithreading is the ability of operating system to run
divide and run different parts of a process on a single CPU to obtain the same but fast result.
Different parts of the code which run simultaneously are called

C Language
The C programming language (often, just "C") is a general–purpose, procedural, imperative
computer programming language developed in the early 1970s by Dennis Ritchie for use on the
Unix operating system. It has since spread to many other operating systems, and is now one of the
most widely used programming languages. C also has had a great influence on many other popular
languages,[1] especially [[C++]] which was originally designed as an enhancement to C. It is the
most commonly used programming language for writing system software,[2][3] though it is also
widely used for writing applications. Though not originally designed as a language for teaching, and
despite its somewhat unforgiving character, C is commonly used in computer science ... Show more
The relatively low–level nature of the language affords the programmer close control over what the
program is doing, while allowing solutions that can be specially tailored and aggressively optimized
for a particular platform. This allows the code to run efficiently on very limited hardware, such as
mass–produced consumer embedded systems, which today are as capable as the general–purpose
machines originally used to implement C.
A number of the above missing features are available

Unit 3 Assignment 2.2 Arduino
2.2.1 BBC micro:bit
–––––––––––––––––––
BBC micro:bit is a wearable and programmable device that features a 5x5 LED display,
accelerometer, compass, buttons, I/O pins, Micro USB plug, Bluetooth Low Energy antenna, ARM
Cortex–M0 processor, and battery plug [@microsoft_touchdevelop_2015]. It is built with 29
partners to inspire children to start programming. Based on an ARM mbed chip, it is compatible
with many things, from mobile phones to popular micro–computers such as Raspberry Pis and
Kano, as well as microprocessors like the Arduino, Galileo, and little Bits, establishing a wide IoT
network. This is the microprocessor that will be enrolled in all the schools around in the UK. It will
be given free to students at year 7 and will be publicly available from October 2015. ... Show more
The Arduino is one of the most popular microprocessors available. There are various products
ranging its number of pins, functionalities, and processing power. On the Arduino website, the
recommended IDE is the Arduino IDE that was developed by the same company.
The compilation of Arduino is done with AVG/GCC, which is a compiler software built for AVR, a
single–chip microcontroller. The uploading is done through AVR–DUDE. Though the language of
Arduino's script is quite similar to C++, it is in fact wrapped C [@maxmackie_avr_2011]. The script
created in the Arduino IDE is handled and processed as such, once uploaded via the USB:
1. The Arduino IDE communicates with Arduino over USB–to–serial
2. Initialise programming mode in the Arduino, so the boot–loader, the firmware installed in the
factory, acknowledges the input
3. IDE sends new program to the Arduino using AVR–DUDE
4. The boot–loader will run the

Java Essay
Java is an HLL (High Level Language) working on the concept of OOPs created by Sun
Microsystems. Java keeps running on various OS platforms, for example, Windows, Mac OS, and
the different forms of UNIX. This instructional exercise gives an entire comprehension of Java. This
reference will take you through straightforward and reasonable methodologies while learning Java
Programming dialect.
Difference between Java & Other (C,C++)
JAVA vs C: C is a procedural language while JAVA is based on OOPs i.e., an object–oriented
programming language. JAVA supports method overloading and bottom–up approaches while the
same is not handled in C. Many features like native threads, latest exception handling techniques are
not supported by C ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Features of JAVA
JAVA is amongst the widely used programming Languages. Following are the features of which
completely define worth of its usage:
Object Oriented Language: JAVA works on Class and object. Java can be effectively extented out
since it depends on the Object model.
Platform Independent: Unlike other computer languages, JAVA works on JVM which makes the
compiled code into platform independent byte code.
Simple and Secure: As JAVA is based on OOPs, so it is easier to understand it and is total secure
because of its virus– free system building nature.
Robust: Java attempts to take out mistake inclined circumstances by concentrating predominantly on
compilation errors and runtime errors.
Multithreaded: This feature of JAVA provide multi tasking simultaneously. It is very helpful in
running interactive applications evenly.
High Performance: In–built compilers of the JAVA make its performance highly recommendable
JAVA Compiler
A Java compiler is a compiler for the programming dialect Java. The most well–known type of yield
from a Java compiler is Java class records containing stage unbiased Java bytecode, however there
are likewise compilers that gives enhanced local machine code for a specific equipment/OS
combination.
Java Programming Format

Consider following basic format for making programs in JAVA. For example:
public class MyFirstJavaProgram {
/* This is my

The Evolution Of The NET Framework
Digital technology is constantly evolving and the craving by consumers and developers alike for
modernity in this realm is skyrocketing. In this regard, the rapid growth and evolution of modern
technologies for web development has permitted the creators of content to achieve a level
unimaginable. An example of this is the evolution of the .NET framework, which is the environment
utilized by ASP.NET for the development process. The rapid evolution of the .NET framework is a
principal cause in the achievement of contemporary native and web applications. Now, the
inquisition of what's next for the .NET environment brings us back to the craving consumers and
developers possess. How have these recent updates increased productivity and how can ... Show
The main thesis of the article is the attempt to entice the community of native and web development
in a form of increasing the attention or alter the unfavorable views associated to the use of .NET. A
sense of excitement and optimism due to the innovations of .NET and the potential these recent
innovations offer the technologies attached to the framework are perpetuated throughout the entirety
of the article. An example of this is stated by Richard Lander, he tries to show how Microsoft is
trying to be inclusive by introducing Visual Studio to Mac computers in 2016. However as
previously mentioned, the article does not necessarily focus on the opinion of a single author but
rather acts as a public forum for professionals. Although the evolution of .NET is highly acclaimed
in the article, the high praise of Microsoft's developmental framework may be accompanied with
biased attached to it. Amongst the panel are two program managers for Microsoft's .NET team and a
Microsoft engineer. However, the panel also includes a GitHub engineer thus bringing some
neutrality to the panel. The form the information was presented to the reader was structured in
manner that will likely benefit the .NET framework, commencing with the changes, benefits, and
solutions to convert to this technology.
Multiple inquisitions were made to the panel of experts, ranging from their views on the evolution
of .NET to the obstacles ahead for the .NET framework. The first

Phillips Lighting Essay
Preface This report documents the work done during the graduation project at Philips Lighting
which took place during my final fourth year of education, pursuing a Bachelor's degree in
ICT&Software at Fontys University of Applied Science. The goal of the report is to give a clear
overview of the tasks completed during that period and the approach used for the completion of the
research assignment. Acknowledgments TODO Abbreviations TODO: TODO TODO: TODO Terms
TODO: TODO TODO: TODO Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 5 2 THE COMPANY 6 3 PROJECT
OVERVIEW 7 3.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 7 3.2 INITIAL SITUATION 7 3.3 PROJECT
OBJECTIVE 8 3.4 PROJECT JUSTIFICATION 8 3.5 TOOLS & APPLICATIONS 8 3.6 PROJECT
RESTRICTIONS 9 3.7 PROJECT EXECUTION METHODOLOGY 9 4 CODE SIZE
OPTIMIZATION 11 4.1 C PROGRAM IN MEMORY 11 4.2 CODE DENSITY INTRODUCTION
12 4.3 WHAT AFFECTS CODE DENSITY 13 4.4 ARM CORTEX M0+ OVERVIEW 14 4.4.1
ARM Cortex M0+ Architecture 14 4.4.2 Registers Summary 14 4.4.3 Memory Model 15 4.4.4
Instruction Set 15 4.5 THE COMPILER OVERVIEW 16 4.5.1 Compiler Toolchain 16 4.5.2
Compilation Process 18 4.5.3 The Optimizing Compiler 19 4.5.4 Standard C Library 20 4.5.5 ARM
Cortex M0+ Compilers 21 4.6 RSA OVERVIEW 24 4.6.1 RSA Introduction 24 4.6.2 RSA
Architecture Design 25 4.6.3 RSA Implementation Details 25 4.7 EFFICIENT C FOR ARM
CORTEX M0+ 26 4.7.1 Data Structures Memory Layout 27 4.7.2 Unaligned Data Access 28 4.7.3

Int Oddbits ( Void )
int oddBits(void) { int one = 0x49; int two = one | one<<< 17; return three;
}
int sign(int x) { /*negative and all the way right*/ return ((!x^1)|(x >> 31));
}
int byteSwap(int x, int n, int m) { /*shifts by bytes*/ int n1 = n<<<< n1) & x; int mB = (0xFF <<
m1) & x; int both = (0xFF << n) | 0xFF << m; /*bytes back*/ int nBB = (nB>>n) & 0xFF; int mBB
= (mB >> m) & 0xFF; /*new position*/ int nBBB = nBB<<<<<<>8&0xFF; int three =
x>>16&0xFF; //int four = x>>24&0xFF;// int five = one<<<>24)&0xFF; int b = (x>>8)&0xFF00;
int c = (x<< wrote:
/*
* CS224 Data Lab, Fall 2016 * * * * bits.c – Source file with your solutions to the Lab. * This is the
file you will hand in to your instructor. * * WARNING: Do not include the header; it confuses the
dlc * compiler. You can still use printf for debugging without including * , although you might get a
compiler warning. In general, * it 's not good practice to ignore compiler warnings, but in this * case
it 's OK. */
#if 0
/*
* Instructions to Students: * * STEP 1: Read the following instructions carefully. */
You will provide your solution to the Data Lab by editing the collection of functions in this source
file.
INTEGER CODING RULES: Replace the "return" statement in each function with one or more
lines of C code that implements the function. Your code must conform to the following style: int
Funct(arg1, arg2, ...) { /* brief description of how

Rrw02 Week 1 Assignment

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to Rrw02 Week 1 Assignment

Similar to Rrw02 Week 1 Assignment (16)

More from Sheri Elliott

More from Sheri Elliott (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Rrw02 Week 1 Assignment