This project report summarizes the work of a group to design the network of PAF-KIET college on packet tracer software. The group divided the network into three parts and assigned each part to a member to design individually. They then integrated their individual networks, identified errors, redesigned the network using routing and switching techniques, and researched the network devices used. The objective was for the group to understand basic routing and switching principles.
Project implements a complex intra-networking system of various devices and modules working on IPv4 and IPv6 protocols providing various services like DNS, DHCP, HTTP, FTP, and SMTP. Information is routed among various client on the network with the use of protocols RIP, IMAP and OSPF. Project comprises of sub-netting, LAN switching and VLAN techniques to manage the number of hosts present in the network communicating with least network collision and congestion.
A computer network, or data network, is a digital telecommunications network which allows nodes to share resources. In computer networks, computing devices exchange data with each other using connections between nodes
Project implements a complex intra-networking system of various devices and modules working on IPv4 and IPv6 protocols providing various services like DNS, DHCP, HTTP, FTP, and SMTP. Information is routed among various client on the network with the use of protocols RIP, IMAP and OSPF. Project comprises of sub-netting, LAN switching and VLAN techniques to manage the number of hosts present in the network communicating with least network collision and congestion.
A computer network, or data network, is a digital telecommunications network which allows nodes to share resources. In computer networks, computing devices exchange data with each other using connections between nodes
Ravi Namboori Software Defined Network Presentationravi namboori
A Presentation by Ravi Namboori,a Cisco Evangelist about Software Defined Networking.Ravi Namboori explains Software Defined Networking is not a mechanism. It is a framework to solve a set of problems. The physical separation of network control plane from the forwarding plane, and where a control plane controls several devices.
SDN( Software Defined Network) and NFV(Network Function Virtualization) for I...Sagar Rai
Software, Software Defined Network, Network Function Virtualization, SDN, NFV, Internet of things, Basics of Internet of things, Network Basics, Virtualization, Limitation of Conventional Network, Open flow, Basics of conventional network,
SDN most commonly means that networks are controlled by software applications and SDN controllers rather than the traditional network management consoles and commands that required a lot of administrative overhead and could be tedious to manage on a large scale
“What is SDN? The physical separation of the network control plane from the forwarding plane, and where a control plane controls several devices.”
This presentation of mine gives basic idea about SDN, use of SDN in different fields, cause of evolution of a new network architecture, openFlow standard and Architectural components.
The Challenges of SDN/OpenFlow in an Operational and Large-scale NetworkOpen Networking Summits
Jun Bi
Professor & Director
Tsinghua University
Outline
• Intra-AS (campus level) IPv6 source address validation using OpenFlow (with extension)
– Good for introducing new IP services to network
• Planning next step if we run SDN as a common infrastructure for new services and architectures
– Some personal viewpoints and thoughts on design challenges
– Forwarding abstraction for Post-IP architectures
– Control abstraction for scalable NOS and programmable/manageable virtualization platform
– Inter-AS policies negotiation abstraction
ONS2015: http://bit.ly/ons2015sd
ONS Inspire! Webinars: http://bit.ly/oiw-sd
Watch the talk (video) on ONS Content Archives: http://bit.ly/ons-archives-sd
Introduction to SDN: Software Defined NetworkingAnkita Mahajan
SDN is the next big thing in networking. It focuses on separating the intelligence from the hardware. OpenFlow is one of the ways (currently the open standard followed by all Datacenters) to implement SDN.
Open Programmable Architecture for Java-enabled Network DevicesTal Lavian Ph.D.
Current network devices enable connectivity between end systems given a set of protocol software bundled with vendor hardware. It is impossible for customers to add software functionality running locally on top of network devices to augment vendor software. Our vision is to open network devices so that customized software can be downloaded, allowing for more flexibility and with a focus on industry and customer specific solutions. This brings considerable value to the customer. We have chosen to use Java because we can reuse its security mechanism and
dynamically download software. We can isolate the Java VM and downloaded Java programs from the core router functionality. We implemented Java Virtual Machines (JVMs) on a family of network devices,
implemented an Open Services framework, and developed an SNMP MIB API and a Network API upon which we can demonstate the value of openness and programmability of network devices.
For more course tutorials visit
www.tutorialrank.com
Chapter 1-Questions
1-3: Discuss the relationship between network architecture and protocol
1-5: Define the following terms: protocol, connection-orientated protocols, connectionless protocols, and protocol stacks.
1-11: Briefly describe the seven layers of the OSI protocol hierarchy
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Chapter 1-Questions
1-3: Discuss the relationship between network architecture and protocol
1-5: Define the following terms: protocol, connection-orientated protocols, connectionless protocols, and protocol stacks.
Ravi Namboori Software Defined Network Presentationravi namboori
A Presentation by Ravi Namboori,a Cisco Evangelist about Software Defined Networking.Ravi Namboori explains Software Defined Networking is not a mechanism. It is a framework to solve a set of problems. The physical separation of network control plane from the forwarding plane, and where a control plane controls several devices.
SDN( Software Defined Network) and NFV(Network Function Virtualization) for I...Sagar Rai
Software, Software Defined Network, Network Function Virtualization, SDN, NFV, Internet of things, Basics of Internet of things, Network Basics, Virtualization, Limitation of Conventional Network, Open flow, Basics of conventional network,
SDN most commonly means that networks are controlled by software applications and SDN controllers rather than the traditional network management consoles and commands that required a lot of administrative overhead and could be tedious to manage on a large scale
“What is SDN? The physical separation of the network control plane from the forwarding plane, and where a control plane controls several devices.”
This presentation of mine gives basic idea about SDN, use of SDN in different fields, cause of evolution of a new network architecture, openFlow standard and Architectural components.
The Challenges of SDN/OpenFlow in an Operational and Large-scale NetworkOpen Networking Summits
Jun Bi
Professor & Director
Tsinghua University
Outline
• Intra-AS (campus level) IPv6 source address validation using OpenFlow (with extension)
– Good for introducing new IP services to network
• Planning next step if we run SDN as a common infrastructure for new services and architectures
– Some personal viewpoints and thoughts on design challenges
– Forwarding abstraction for Post-IP architectures
– Control abstraction for scalable NOS and programmable/manageable virtualization platform
– Inter-AS policies negotiation abstraction
ONS2015: http://bit.ly/ons2015sd
ONS Inspire! Webinars: http://bit.ly/oiw-sd
Watch the talk (video) on ONS Content Archives: http://bit.ly/ons-archives-sd
Introduction to SDN: Software Defined NetworkingAnkita Mahajan
SDN is the next big thing in networking. It focuses on separating the intelligence from the hardware. OpenFlow is one of the ways (currently the open standard followed by all Datacenters) to implement SDN.
Open Programmable Architecture for Java-enabled Network DevicesTal Lavian Ph.D.
Current network devices enable connectivity between end systems given a set of protocol software bundled with vendor hardware. It is impossible for customers to add software functionality running locally on top of network devices to augment vendor software. Our vision is to open network devices so that customized software can be downloaded, allowing for more flexibility and with a focus on industry and customer specific solutions. This brings considerable value to the customer. We have chosen to use Java because we can reuse its security mechanism and
dynamically download software. We can isolate the Java VM and downloaded Java programs from the core router functionality. We implemented Java Virtual Machines (JVMs) on a family of network devices,
implemented an Open Services framework, and developed an SNMP MIB API and a Network API upon which we can demonstate the value of openness and programmability of network devices.
For more course tutorials visit
www.tutorialrank.com
Chapter 1-Questions
1-3: Discuss the relationship between network architecture and protocol
1-5: Define the following terms: protocol, connection-orientated protocols, connectionless protocols, and protocol stacks.
1-11: Briefly describe the seven layers of the OSI protocol hierarchy
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Chapter 1-Questions
1-3: Discuss the relationship between network architecture and protocol
1-5: Define the following terms: protocol, connection-orientated protocols, connectionless protocols, and protocol stacks.
For more course tutorials visit www.newtonhelp.com
Chapter 1-Questions
1-3: Discuss the relationship between network architecture and protocol
1-5: Define the following terms: protocol, connection-orientated protocols, connectionless protocols, and protocol stacks.
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
Chapter 1-Questions
1-3: Discuss the relationship between network architecture and protocol
1-5: Define the following terms: protocol, connection-orientated protocols, connectionless protocols, and protocol
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
Chapter 1-Questions
1-3: Discuss the relationship between network architecture and protocol
1-5: Define the following terms: protocol, connection-orientated protocols, connectionless protocols, and protocol stacks.
1-11: Briefly describe the seven layers of the OSI protocol hierarchy
Extending TCP the Major Protocol of Transport LayerScientific Review
As We've known for a while that the Internet is classified as a result of the race to optimise existing applications or en- hance security. Sometimes NATs, performance-enhancing-proxies, firewalls and traffic normalizers are only a few of the middle- boxes that are deployed in the network and look beyond the IP header to do their job. IP itself can't be extended because "IP options are not an option" [1]. Is the same true for TCP? In this Research we develop a methodology for evaluating middlebox behavior relating to TCP extensions and present the results of measurements conducted from multiple Survival points. The shortest answer is that Yes we can still extend TCP, but extensions' design is very constrained as it needs to take into account prevalent middlebox behaviors. For instance, absolute sequence numbers cannot be embedded in options, as middleboxes can rewrite ISN and preserve undefined options. Sequence numbering also must be consistent for a TCP connection, because many middleboxes only allow through contiguous flows. We used these findings to analyze three proposed extensions to TCP. We find that MPTCP is likely to work correctly in the Internet or fall-back to regular TCP. TcpCrypt seems ready to be deployed, however it is fragile if resegmentation does happen for instance with hardware offload. Finally, TCP extended options in its current form is not safe to deploy.
As We've known for a while that the Internet is classified as a result of the race to optimise
existing applications or en- hance security. Sometimes NATs, performance-enhancing-proxies, firewalls and
traffic normalizers are only a few of the middle - boxes that are deployed in the network and look beyond
the IP header to do their job. IP itself can't be extended because "IP options are not an option" [1]. Is the same
true for TCP? In this Research we develop a methodolog y for evaluating middlebox behavior relating to
TCP extensions and present the results of measurements conducted from multiple Survival points. The
shortest answer is that Yes we can still extend TCP, but extensions' design is very const rained as it needs to
take into account prevalent middlebox behaviors. For instance, absolute sequence numbers cannot be
embedded in options, as middleboxes can rewrite ISN and preserve undefined options. Sequence numbering
also must be consistent for a TCP connection, because many middleboxes only allow through contiguous
flows. We used these findings to analyze three proposed extensions to TCP. We find that MPTCP is likely to
work correctly in the Internet or fall-back to regular TCP. TcpCrypt seems ready to be deployed, however it is
fragile if resegmentation does happen for instance with hardware offload. Finally, TCP extended options in
its current form is not safe to deploy.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
1. PAF-KIET
College of Engineering
Project Report
Course: Routing & Switching Principles
Group Members:
Salman Khaliq Bajwa
Hassam Haq
Waqar Khokhar
2. KIET NETWORK
Objective:
The objective of this project is to develop the KIET’s network on packet
tracer software, and identify the solutions and problems in the network.
Purpose:
The main purpose of this project is to understand the basic principles &
applications of this course routing & switching principles.
Description:
The whole network was divided into three parts. One part was assigned
to Mr. Salman Khaliq, one to Mr. Hassam Haq and the other to Mr. Waqar
Khokhar
The Complete KIET’s Network
3. Packet Tracer Version
The whole work was divided into different tasks to make our work
easier;
Task 1:
4. Task one was to design the whole network of PAF-KIET on packet tracer.
The network was further divided into three parts and was assigned to 3
members to design it on the packet tracer software.
Task 2:
The second task was to integrate the different parts of the network that
were assigned to 3 different people to design on packet tracer into one.
The network was integrated successfully.
Task 3:
The third task was to identify errors and problems like loops etc in the
network of PAF-KIET and had to come up with their solutions.
Task 4:
The fourth task was to design the same network on packet tracer but
making it simpler and better using different routing and switching
techniques.
Task 5:
The fifth task was to read about the devices and services that we were
using in the network and the reason of using them.
Techniques used:
Vlan
VTP
DHCP
Layer 3 Switch
Inter-Vlan Routing