This presentation discusses rotifers and acanthocephalans. It is presented by 5 students and covers the body structure, feeding, and life cycle of rotifers. It then discusses the phylum Acanthocephala, describing their parasitic nature, life cycle involving two hosts, morphological characteristics including their proboscis, and size. The presentation concludes with thanks and references.

1. WELCOME TO OUR
PRESENTATION

2. PRESENTED BY-
1. Rashed Iqbal- ASH1819027M
2. Tamanna tammi-MUH1819007F
3. Sukta rani das- MUH1819008F
4. I.M.M. imon ali- ASH1819032M
5. Ayshiti sharkar- MUH1819035F

3. ROTIFERA
The rotifers make up a phylum of microscopic and near-
microscopic pseudocoelomate animals.
Rotifers can be found in many freshwater environments and in moist soil, where they
inhabit the thin films of water that are formed around soil particles. The habitat of rotifers
may include still water environments, such as lake bottoms, as well as flowing water
environments, such as rivers or streams. Rotifers are also commonly found on mosses
and lichens growing on tree trunks and rocks, in rain gutters and puddles, in soil or leaf
litter, on mushrooms growing near dead trees, in tanks of sewage treatment plants, and
even on freshwater crustaceans and aquatic insect larvae.
About 2,200 species of rotifers have been identified.

4. BODY STRUCTURE OF ROTIFERA

5. • Rotifers have a small brain, located just
above the mastax, from which a number
of nerves extend throughout the body.
The number of nerves varies among
species, although the nervous system
usually has a simple layout. Close to the
brain lies a retrocerebral organ,
consisting of two glands either side of a
medial sac. The sac drains into a duct
that divides into two before opening
through pores on the uppermost part of
the head. The function of the
retrocerebral organ is unclear.
• The nervous system comprises about
25% of the roughly 1,000 cells in a
rotifer.
• Rotifers typically possess one or two
pairs of short antennae and up to five
eyes. The eyes are simple in structure,
sometimes with just a
single photoreceptor cell. In addition,
the bristles of the corona are sensitive to
touch, and there are also a pair of tiny

6. ROTIFERAS FEEDING

7. REPRODUCTION AND LIFE CYCLE

8. ACANTHOCEPHALA
Acanthocephala is a phylum of parasitic worms known as acanthocephalans, thorny-headed worms,
or spiny-headed worms, characterized by the presence of an eversible proboscis, armed with spines,
which it uses to pierce and hold the gut wall of its host. Acanthocephalans have complex life cycles,
involving at least two hosts, which may include invertebrates, fish, amphibians, birds,
and mammals. About 1420 species have been described.

9. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

10. MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Digestion
Proboscis
Size
Skin
Nervous system

11. LIFE CYCLE OF ACANTHOCEPHALA

12. THANK YOU

13. REFERENCES
i. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotifer
ii. https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-biology2/chapter/phylum-rotifera
iii. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthocephala
iv. https://www.slideshare.net/Arturo_Vega/phylum-acantocephala-caractersticas?qid=818ff60a-0541-
4c1a-839a-185ec5292b6d&v=&b=&from_search=11
v. https://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/TFI/start%20key/key/Starting%20key/Media/HTML/Acanthoce
phala.html
vi. https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Diagram-of-monogonont-rotifer-life-cycle-Asexual-females-
undergo-ameiotic-oogenesis-to_fig1_239941317