RH Whittaker.pptx
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Robert Harding Whittaker was an American plant ecologist who made two major contributions to taxonomy. He first proposed the five kingdom classification system that divides life into animals, plants, fungi, protists, and monera. He also proposed the Whittaker biome classification that categorized different biomes based on temperature and precipitation. Whittaker held teaching positions and was widely recognized for his work before passing away from lung cancer in 1980.
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This document provides an overview of biology and its subfields from an introductory lecture by Dr. Emad Al-Rashidi. It defines biology and divides it into subfields including zoology, botany, morphology, cytology, histology, anatomy, embryology, physiology, ecology, and genetics. It describes the five kingdom classification system including Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. It provides details on prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, the cell wall, and branches of biology such as biochemistry, biogeography, and biomedicine.
five kingdom classification
The document discusses the history and systems of biological classification. It begins with Linnaeus' two kingdom system distinguishing animals and plants. It then describes Whittaker's five kingdom system comprising Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. Each kingdom is defined by characteristics like cellular organization, nutrition, and whether organisms are prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Key details about the kingdoms of plants, fungi, protists, and bacteria/monera are provided.
Food chains and webs presentation
This document defines key ecological terms and concepts including:
- Autotrophs are organisms like plants that can produce their own food through photosynthesis. They are also called producers.
- Heterotrophs or consumers cannot produce their own food and rely on other organisms for sustenance. There are herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, and decomposers.
- Food webs and food chains describe the transfer of energy as organisms consume each other across trophic levels from producers to various consumers to decomposers.
Classification of Life: Kingdom
This is a very old school report that I did back when I was in the 8th grade . It's basically information concerning the Six Kingdoms. I hope you can make use of it. So buckle up!
Grade 9 ch 7
This document provides information on the classification of living organisms. It discusses the five kingdom system of classification developed by Robert Whittaker which includes Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. Within the Plantae kingdom, plants are further divided into four divisions - thallophyta, bryophyta, pteridophyta, and spermatophyta - based on their vascular tissue and seeds. Angiosperms are the largest group of spermatophytes, having flowers and seeds enclosed within fruits.
Chapter 3rd
This document discusses biodiversity and the classification of organisms. It begins by explaining that less than one third of Earth's estimated 10 million species have been studied. It then defines biodiversity and discusses the factors that influence it. The document outlines the five kingdom classification system and describes each kingdom. It explains the goals and principles of classification, including binomial nomenclature.
Five kingdom classification.pptx
This document discusses the major systems of biological classification that have been proposed over time. It begins by outlining Linnaeus' original two kingdom system (plants and animals), followed by Haeckel's three kingdom system (adding protists), Copeland's four kingdom system (splitting protists and adding monera), and Whittaker's influential five kingdom system (monera, protista, fungi, plants, animals). It then provides characteristics of each kingdom in Whittaker's five kingdom system and compares their key attributes.
Presentation (23).pptx
This document discusses various topics related to pharmacognosy including:
1. The definition and history of pharmacognosy as the study of drugs from natural sources like plants and animals.
2. Characteristics of living organisms such as growth, nutrition, movement, reproduction, and sensitivity.
3. Robert Whittaker's five kingdom classification of Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
4. Modifications of plant stems that occur underground, on the ground, or aerially to aid functions like storage, protection, and propagation.
Living Beings
The document defines and describes living beings. It discusses their common characteristics including nutrition, interactions, reproduction, chemical composition at the cellular and organic level, unicellular and pluricellular organisms, levels of organization, tissues, organs and systems. It also describes the classification of living beings into the five kingdoms of Monera, Protoctista, Fungi, Plants and Animals.
Biodiversity and classification
The document discusses biodiversity and classification. It begins by defining biodiversity as the wide range of species and number of organisms within communities. It notes that the SSC has identified over 1.6 million known species, though many more are unknown. Classification involves grouping organisms based on similarities and differences to study them. Early systems from Aristotle and Linnaeus classified organisms as plant or animal. Later systems incorporated more evidence from areas like genetics and molecular biology. The five kingdom system, developed by Whittaker, separated organisms into bacteria, protists, plants, fungi and animals based on characteristics like cellular structure.
The Five Kingdom of Classifications in Pharmacy
The document summarizes R.H. Whittaker's five kingdom classification system which divides organisms into five kingdoms - Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. It describes the key features of each kingdom, including that Monera contains prokaryotes like bacteria, Protista contains unicellular eukaryotes, Fungi contains multicellular organisms like mushrooms that reproduce via spores, Plantae contains photosynthetic eukaryotes, and Animalia contains multicellular heterotrophs. The five kingdom system improved upon earlier two kingdom classifications by accounting for important differences in cell structure, nutrition, and other traits.
BOTANY SCIENCE
BOTANY IS THE SCIENCE THAT DEAL WITH THE LIVING THING (PLANT), IN THE PHARMACY , THIS SCIENCES IS SO SPECIAL AS IT IS HELPFUL IN IDENTIFICATION OF PLANT WITH PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECT TO HUMAN , APPLIED IN TRADTIONAL MEDICINES
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EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
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The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
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The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
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Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
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Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless ReproducibilityUniversity of Rennes, INSA Rennes, Inria/IRISA, CNRS
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
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Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
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mô tả các thí nghiệm về đánh giá tác động dòng khí hóa sau đốt
mô tả các thí nghiệm về đánh giá tác động dòng khí hóa sau đốt
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RH Whittaker.pptx
- 1. www.powerpoint-templastes-presentation.com R. H. WHITTAKER The Ecologist - By Prashant Singh
- 2. Robert Harding Whittaker (Dec. 27, 1920 - Oct. 20, 1980) was an American Plant Ecologist, active in the 1950s to the 1970s. He was the first to propose the five kingdom taxonomic classification of the World's biota into the Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, and Monera in 1969. He also proposed the Whittaker Biome Classification, which categorized biome-types upon two abiotic factors: Temperature and Precipitation. He was diagnosed with lung Cancer and died on Oct. 20, 1980. WHO IS R. H. WHITTAKER
- 3. First to propose the well known Five Kingdom Classification. Also proposed the Whittaker Biome Classification. Works
- 4. This Classification was Proposed to make the study of Organisms easier, as there are millions of lifeforms and we cannot study them one by one. We can study the different classes or groups much easier after classifying them. More About Five Kingdom Classification Criteria For Classification Complexity of Cell Structure - Prokaryote or Eukaryote Complexity Of Organisms - Unicellular or Multicelluar Mode of Nutrition - Plants (Autotrophs), Fungi (Heterotroph and Saprobic Absorption) and Animals (Heterotrophs and Ingestion). Lifestyle - Producers (Plants), Consumers (Animals), Decomposers (Fungi) Phylogenetic Relationships - Prokaryote to Eukaryote, Unicellular to Multicellular Note: All the examples are given according to most common and frequently found attributes. There can be Exceptions to all the above Criteria, at some point, somewhere in the nature.
- 5. Five Kingdom Classification Table Monera Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia Type Unicellular Prokaryotes Unicellular Eukaryotes Multicellular Non Green Eukaryotes Multicellular Eukaryotic Multicellular Eukaryotic Mode of Nutrition Autotrophic or Heterotrophic Autotrophic or Heterotrophic Saprophytic or parasitic, sometimes Symbiotic Autotrophic Heterotrophic Body Lack well defined cell nucleus and cell organelles Some Organisms use Pseudopodia or cilia or flagella for movement Fungus is made up of long filaments called hyphae. The network of hyphae is mycellium Exhibits high level of tissue differentiation and have specialized body organs Exhibits high level of tissue differentiation and have specialized body organs. They have well developed nervous system Examples Bacteria, Blue- Green Algae Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena Yeast, Rhizopus, Mushrooms, Moulds Trees, Shrubs, Plants Fish, Insects, Animals, Humans, Birds Note: Again all the attributes written are common. There can be few Exceptions.
- 6. Achievements • Whittaker was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1974, recieved the Ecological Society of America's Eminent Ecologist Award in 1981, and was otherwise widely recognized and honored. • He held teaching and research positions at Washington State College in Hanford, Washington.