Agribusiness entrepreneurship has a significant role in the economy to foster the development of a country. Most countries have strong potential for the development of agribusiness entrepreneurship due to prevailing food insecurity issues and high unemployment rates. Also, agribusiness entrepreneurship is one of the newest areas of research and also it is identified that there is an issue among the graduates to join the field as Agribusiness management entrepreneurs. This study is tried to investigate the major factors associated with entrepreneurship development in Agribusiness globally and how these factors are linked with the Indian context.
The document discusses India's agricultural price policy and related programs. It provides background on how the policy emerged in response to food scarcity issues. It then describes the objectives of price policy, the need for such a policy, its main features including the institutions involved like CACP and FCI. It also discusses factors considered in price setting, effects of the policy, and shortcomings like limited coverage and ineffective PDS. Suggestions are provided to improve the policy including expanding coverage and improving productivity.
Agricultural inputs are essential for rural development and marketing. There are two types: consumable inputs like seeds, fertilizers, and veterinary medicines, and capital inputs like tractors and irrigation equipment. Seeds are a key input and account for 20-25% of productivity, but challenges include inconsistent seed quality and a lack of comprehensive databases. Fertilizer use has increased food grain production significantly in India, though consumption remains low compared to other countries. Pesticide use is also increasing to combat crop losses, with insecticides currently making up over half of the market. Mechanization brings benefits like increased yields and income, though customized equipment and training are needed given India's diverse farm sizes and conditions. Irrigation potential
The document discusses agricultural finance and the development of banking in India. It covers the following key points:
1. Agricultural finance deals with financial aspects of farm businesses, including credit needs, sources of funds, and individual farm financial management.
2. The development of banking in India involved the co-operative movement pre-independence, the nationalization of major banks post-independence to expand access to credit, and the liberalization of the sector to allow new private and foreign banks.
3. For agricultural credit to be effective, the credit needs of farmers must be fully met, credit must be easily accessible and available when needed, and interest rates charged to farmers should be relatively low.
The document discusses the nationalization of banks in India in 1969 and 1980. It summarizes that private banks were primarily urban-oriented and ignored rural communities and weaker sections of society. The government nationalized 14 major banks in 1969 and 6 more banks in 1980 to prioritize lending to rural areas and priority sectors in order to promote development and reduce dependence on money lenders. It also established specialized rural credit institutions like Regional Rural Banks and cooperative credit organizations to expand credit access across India.
Agricultural finance deals with the study of credit provision and liquidity services for farm borrowers. It examines the financial intermediaries that provide loan funds to agriculture and how these intermediaries obtain funds. Agricultural finance can be examined at both the macro and micro level. At the macro level, it considers total credit needs and terms for the agricultural sector. At the micro level, it focuses on financial management of individual farm units. Common sources of agricultural finance include money lenders, traders, cooperatives, commercial banks, and microfinance organizations. Loans are classified by time period, purpose, and security. Weaknesses in rural credit systems include a lack of motivation, high interest rates, and poor recovery rates. Suggestions for
Agriculture contributes around 15% to India's GDP but employs over 50% of the population. Rural areas are home to over 70% of India's population, many of whom are poor farmers dependent on agriculture. The government prioritizes raising agricultural productivity to reduce poverty. Formal agricultural financing through banks has grown over time from money lenders to include cooperative banks, nationalized banks, regional rural banks, and now a multi-agency approach including public, private, and foreign banks. Key agricultural financing products include crop loans and Kisan Credit Cards (KCC), which consolidate short and long-term credit needs. However, many small and marginal farmers still lack adequate access to agricultural credit.
Agricultural marketing plays an important role in rural development in India by facilitating the exchange of agricultural inputs and outputs. It encompasses issues related to agricultural development and aims to achieve sustainable economic growth. The document defines agricultural marketing and outlines its key functions such as developing agricultural markets and policies that benefit farmers, consumers, buyers and sellers. It also classifies agricultural markets in India based on various factors and discusses challenges faced by India's agricultural marketing system such as seasonality of sales, lack of infrastructure, and multiple middlemen.
Agricultural credit is a vital input for Pakistan's economy, as the agricultural sector accounts for 25.3% of GDP. It is needed to purchase inputs, machinery, make improvements, and manage risks for farmers. The major sources of agricultural credit are non-institutional sources like money lenders and institutional sources like commercial banks and the Agricultural Development Bank. During 2013-14, banks disbursed Rs. 255.7 billion in agricultural credit, achieving 67.3% of the annual target of Rs. 380 billion. The share of credit going to the non-farm sector increased to 45.6% as banks diversified lending.
The document discusses India's agricultural price policy and related programs. It provides background on how the policy emerged in response to food scarcity issues. It then describes the objectives of price policy, the need for such a policy, its main features including the institutions involved like CACP and FCI. It also discusses factors considered in price setting, effects of the policy, and shortcomings like limited coverage and ineffective PDS. Suggestions are provided to improve the policy including expanding coverage and improving productivity.
Agricultural inputs are essential for rural development and marketing. There are two types: consumable inputs like seeds, fertilizers, and veterinary medicines, and capital inputs like tractors and irrigation equipment. Seeds are a key input and account for 20-25% of productivity, but challenges include inconsistent seed quality and a lack of comprehensive databases. Fertilizer use has increased food grain production significantly in India, though consumption remains low compared to other countries. Pesticide use is also increasing to combat crop losses, with insecticides currently making up over half of the market. Mechanization brings benefits like increased yields and income, though customized equipment and training are needed given India's diverse farm sizes and conditions. Irrigation potential
The document discusses agricultural finance and the development of banking in India. It covers the following key points:
1. Agricultural finance deals with financial aspects of farm businesses, including credit needs, sources of funds, and individual farm financial management.
2. The development of banking in India involved the co-operative movement pre-independence, the nationalization of major banks post-independence to expand access to credit, and the liberalization of the sector to allow new private and foreign banks.
3. For agricultural credit to be effective, the credit needs of farmers must be fully met, credit must be easily accessible and available when needed, and interest rates charged to farmers should be relatively low.
The document discusses the nationalization of banks in India in 1969 and 1980. It summarizes that private banks were primarily urban-oriented and ignored rural communities and weaker sections of society. The government nationalized 14 major banks in 1969 and 6 more banks in 1980 to prioritize lending to rural areas and priority sectors in order to promote development and reduce dependence on money lenders. It also established specialized rural credit institutions like Regional Rural Banks and cooperative credit organizations to expand credit access across India.
Agricultural finance deals with the study of credit provision and liquidity services for farm borrowers. It examines the financial intermediaries that provide loan funds to agriculture and how these intermediaries obtain funds. Agricultural finance can be examined at both the macro and micro level. At the macro level, it considers total credit needs and terms for the agricultural sector. At the micro level, it focuses on financial management of individual farm units. Common sources of agricultural finance include money lenders, traders, cooperatives, commercial banks, and microfinance organizations. Loans are classified by time period, purpose, and security. Weaknesses in rural credit systems include a lack of motivation, high interest rates, and poor recovery rates. Suggestions for
Agriculture contributes around 15% to India's GDP but employs over 50% of the population. Rural areas are home to over 70% of India's population, many of whom are poor farmers dependent on agriculture. The government prioritizes raising agricultural productivity to reduce poverty. Formal agricultural financing through banks has grown over time from money lenders to include cooperative banks, nationalized banks, regional rural banks, and now a multi-agency approach including public, private, and foreign banks. Key agricultural financing products include crop loans and Kisan Credit Cards (KCC), which consolidate short and long-term credit needs. However, many small and marginal farmers still lack adequate access to agricultural credit.
Agricultural marketing plays an important role in rural development in India by facilitating the exchange of agricultural inputs and outputs. It encompasses issues related to agricultural development and aims to achieve sustainable economic growth. The document defines agricultural marketing and outlines its key functions such as developing agricultural markets and policies that benefit farmers, consumers, buyers and sellers. It also classifies agricultural markets in India based on various factors and discusses challenges faced by India's agricultural marketing system such as seasonality of sales, lack of infrastructure, and multiple middlemen.
Agricultural credit is a vital input for Pakistan's economy, as the agricultural sector accounts for 25.3% of GDP. It is needed to purchase inputs, machinery, make improvements, and manage risks for farmers. The major sources of agricultural credit are non-institutional sources like money lenders and institutional sources like commercial banks and the Agricultural Development Bank. During 2013-14, banks disbursed Rs. 255.7 billion in agricultural credit, achieving 67.3% of the annual target of Rs. 380 billion. The share of credit going to the non-farm sector increased to 45.6% as banks diversified lending.
Marketing systems are dynamic; they are competitive and involve continuous change and improvement. Businesses that have lower costs, are more efficient, and can deliver quality products, are those that prosper. Those that have high costs, fail to adapt to changes in market demand and provide poorer quality are often forced out of business.
NABARD is India's apex development bank that focuses on rural development. It provides refinancing support and develops rural infrastructure to promote agriculture and rural development. NABARD also regulates cooperative banks and rural banks. It works to expand financial inclusion through programs like self-help groups and credit cards for farmers. While NABARD has significantly contributed to rural development, it faces challenges in adequately financing some regions and maintaining its link to the central bank.
This document discusses various ways that agricultural markets can be classified or categorized. It describes 12 different dimensions by which markets are commonly differentiated, such as by location, area covered, time span, volume of transactions, degree of competition, and more. For each dimension, it provides examples of the types of markets that would fall under each classification. The document serves as a comprehensive overview of the framework by which agricultural markets are studied and analyzed.
Strategies for Agriculture in the 12th Plan (2012 - 2017)NITI Aayog
The document outlines strategies for accelerating inclusive agricultural growth in India's 12th Five Year Plan and beyond. It notes that while agricultural growth has increased, productivity remains low compared to global averages. Key challenges include shrinking natural resources and declining youth participation. The strategies proposed focus on improving farm viability, technology dissemination, infrastructure investment, and strengthening institutions. Major programs are outlined to boost production of foodgrains, horticulture, livestock, and fisheries to meet rising demand. The expected outcomes include faster and more diversified agricultural growth that benefits small farmers and enhances food security.
This document discusses the need for and sources of credit in Indian agriculture. It notes that agricultural credit is a crucial input, and that the major historical source was private moneylenders who charged high interest rates. To address this, a multi-agency approach using cooperatives, commercial banks, and regional rural banks now provides cheaper and more adequate credit to farmers. It then outlines the various financial needs of Indian farmers and the roles of credit. Finally, it details the major institutional sources of agricultural credit in India, including cooperatives, commercial banks, land development banks, regional rural banks, government loan schemes, and NABARD.
The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) was established in 1982 to provide credit and other services to promote rural development. It replaced previous agricultural credit institutions and aims to secure prosperity in rural areas through credit for agriculture and allied activities. NABARD serves as a refinancing body for rural lending institutions and provides direct loans. It also works to develop these institutions and coordinate rural financing through activities like rural credit planning, monitoring, and training.
NABARD was established in 1982 to promote rural prosperity in India. It replaced existing agricultural credit and rural development institutions. NABARD operates nationwide with regional and district offices. Its mission is to support sustainable agriculture and integrated rural development through credit and other services. NABARD provides refinancing to banks and cooperatives, promotes rural policies, and works to enhance financial inclusion in rural areas through programs like Kisan Credit Cards, self-help groups, and watershed development.
The document provides information about Zarai Taraqiati Bank Limited (ZTBL), which was previously known as the Agricultural Development Bank of Pakistan. It discusses ZTBL's history, mission, vision, objectives, organizational structure, products/services, and subsidiaries. Key points include that ZTBL is Pakistan's largest agricultural bank, it aims to provide financial services and technical assistance to farmers, and one of its subsidiaries is Kissan Support Services Limited which handles non-core activities like security and sports.
Cooperative banks in India were established to provide agricultural credit to farmers at low interest rates, relieving them from money lenders. They operate under a three-tier structure - primary agricultural credit societies (PACS) at the village level, district central cooperative banks (DCCBs) at the intermediate level, and state cooperative banks (SCBs) at the apex level. PACS provide short-term credit to farmers, while long-term credit is provided by land development banks. Cooperative banks play a vital role in rural financing and ensuring access to credit for farmers.
NABARD is the apex development bank in India that was established in 1982 to facilitate credit flow in rural areas and promote rural prosperity. It works to develop sustainable rural areas through financial and non-financial programs and innovations. NABARD provides refinancing to rural lending institutions, regulates cooperative banks and RRBs, and promotes research and training in rural banking and development. Some of its key programs and milestones include self-help groups, rural infrastructure development, watershed development, and programs to attract rural youth and support rural women entrepreneurs. NABARD faces challenges like inadequate finances, high non-performing loans, regional imbalances, and lack of coordination with other institutions.
The document discusses the entrepreneurship development cycle (EDC) which consists of three phases: the stimulatory phase which generates awareness and identifies potential entrepreneurs, the support phase which helps entrepreneurs establish and run their enterprises, and the sustaining phase which assists entrepreneurs in continuously operating their businesses efficiently. It also lists several institutions that are involved in promoting entrepreneurship through activities like training, research, and providing financial support.
Microfinance & its impact on women entrepreneurship developShingla Prabha
This document summarizes microfinance and its impact. It discusses how microfinance provides small loans, savings, and insurance to the poor, especially women. This empowers women economically and helps families rise out of poverty. Microfinance has increased household incomes, improved health, education and social outcomes. However, simply providing access to loans is not enough - business training is also needed to help women gain self-confidence and ability to make their own decisions to fully benefit from microfinance opportunities.
This document provides an overview of microfinance, including its key concepts, features, role, and importance. Microfinance involves providing financial services like loans, savings, insurance, and money transfers to low-income households and microenterprises. It aims to help the poor raise their income and standards of living. Key features include dealing in small loans, catering to the poor, supporting women and self-employment opportunities. Microfinance plays an important role in providing credit to the rural poor, alleviating poverty, empowering women, stimulating economic growth, and developing skills. Understanding the country context is also important, as it influences how microfinance is delivered.
Farmer movements: current and potential role in achieving integrated agricultural landscapes
This document discusses farmer and producer movements and their role in supporting diversified farming systems. It notes that small-scale farmers generate 70% of the world's food and examines ways movements are currently supporting diversified systems through initiatives like LandCare and Natura 2000. However, scaling these efforts faces constraints including gaps in knowledge, capacity among farmers, and unsupportive policies, incentives and investment environments.
Cooperative marketing societies are farmer associations formed to help members market their produce more profitably than through individual trade. They work to sell members' products in the best markets and at prices that benefit growers. Cooperative marketing provides economic and quality benefits like reduced costs, bargaining power, and access to storage, grading, loans and other services. However, cooperative marketing faces challenges like a lack of coordination, trained staff, and financial and infrastructure resources. Strengthening areas like storage, skills, and coordination between credit and marketing cooperatives could help address issues.
Traditional agriculture and its modernization questions by Ishita AgarwalIshita Agarwal
Traditional agriculture relied on outdated methods using indigenous knowledge and tools. Modernization introduced high-yielding varieties, fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation techniques to increase production. Key differences are traditional agriculture used few inputs while modern uses technology and chemicals. Reforms included land reforms, credit access, irrigation expansion, and price supports to boost output and farmer incomes. Technological reforms centered on the Green Revolution while institutional reforms privatized sectors and deregulated rents.
Agriculture Marketing (Mkt165) chapter 1-introductionwatak manga pilu
The document provides an overview of agricultural marketing concepts. It discusses key topics such as the definition of agricultural marketing, farm marketing, the agricultural marketing circle, agribusiness marketing, marketing utilities, marketing concepts, the importance of marketing, the food and fiber system, the development and role of agricultural marketing, and the structure of agricultural products and production. The main purpose is to introduce foundational concepts in agricultural marketing.
Development of financial institutions in NepalPawan Kawan
Financial institutions play a key role in the economy by facilitating transactions and the flow of money. In Nepal, there are various types of financial institutions that serve different functions:
- Commercial banks accept deposits and provide business loans and basic investment services. Nepal's first commercial bank was Nepal Bank Ltd.
- Development banks like the Nepal Development Bank Limited provide medium and long-term financing to support sectors like industry and agriculture.
- Other financial institutions in Nepal include finance companies, microcredit banks, cooperatives, and non-governmental organizations. As of 2012 there were over 300 registered financial institutions operating in Nepal.
Opportunities for farmer producers organizations in tamil naduDiraviam Jayaraj
- Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) are groups formed by smallholder farmers to obtain collective benefits from inputs, credit, technology, production facilities, marketing and value addition.
- FPOs provide effective extension services to members and feedback to researchers. They help small farmers participate in high-value markets like exports through aggregation and collective action.
- The document discusses various FPO models in Tamil Nadu and the services they provide members, from input supply to marketing. Sustainable FPOs require support from public, private and NGO extension partners.
The major problems that have been identified are, poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, homelessness and crime and violence. Poverty is the condition, when the individuals experience scarcity of resources that are necessary to sustain their living conditions appropriately in my slide we can learn more about this
After independence, the focus of the Government of India was to frame the major policies based on equity along with growth in the agriculture sector. Being an agrarian country, many efforts been made towards economic and social stabilization over the past decades, but not much progress has been achieved in the growth of the agro industrial sector. Farmers lack access to adequate agricultural technology inputs, funding and commercial farming skills have put the quality under the threat. The productivity may be increasing, but better quality not been achieved. With the increase in agricultural production, there is a need to have the proportionate growth in the agro-processing industry. In the recent past most of the farmers are becoming real estate owners by giving their fertile land to edifice industry, because they are unable to meet the expenditure spent on cultivation, high rates of interests taken from landlords, commission agents, banks and financial institutions, few among them committed suicide, the rate of suicide cases was out of control. Government from time to time taking steps to eradicate the effects in agriculture but they confined only to paper. In Dharmapuri, Karimnagar District of Andhra Pradesh farmers came forward to start their own associations to meet their problems without government intervention. This paper focuses on the farmers those who became entrepreneurs to Agri-preneurs, studies about the profile of agricultural entrepreneurs i.e. agri-preneurs and their socio cultural background in Dharmapuri in Andhra Pradesh.
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Marketing systems are dynamic; they are competitive and involve continuous change and improvement. Businesses that have lower costs, are more efficient, and can deliver quality products, are those that prosper. Those that have high costs, fail to adapt to changes in market demand and provide poorer quality are often forced out of business.
NABARD is India's apex development bank that focuses on rural development. It provides refinancing support and develops rural infrastructure to promote agriculture and rural development. NABARD also regulates cooperative banks and rural banks. It works to expand financial inclusion through programs like self-help groups and credit cards for farmers. While NABARD has significantly contributed to rural development, it faces challenges in adequately financing some regions and maintaining its link to the central bank.
This document discusses various ways that agricultural markets can be classified or categorized. It describes 12 different dimensions by which markets are commonly differentiated, such as by location, area covered, time span, volume of transactions, degree of competition, and more. For each dimension, it provides examples of the types of markets that would fall under each classification. The document serves as a comprehensive overview of the framework by which agricultural markets are studied and analyzed.
Strategies for Agriculture in the 12th Plan (2012 - 2017)NITI Aayog
The document outlines strategies for accelerating inclusive agricultural growth in India's 12th Five Year Plan and beyond. It notes that while agricultural growth has increased, productivity remains low compared to global averages. Key challenges include shrinking natural resources and declining youth participation. The strategies proposed focus on improving farm viability, technology dissemination, infrastructure investment, and strengthening institutions. Major programs are outlined to boost production of foodgrains, horticulture, livestock, and fisheries to meet rising demand. The expected outcomes include faster and more diversified agricultural growth that benefits small farmers and enhances food security.
This document discusses the need for and sources of credit in Indian agriculture. It notes that agricultural credit is a crucial input, and that the major historical source was private moneylenders who charged high interest rates. To address this, a multi-agency approach using cooperatives, commercial banks, and regional rural banks now provides cheaper and more adequate credit to farmers. It then outlines the various financial needs of Indian farmers and the roles of credit. Finally, it details the major institutional sources of agricultural credit in India, including cooperatives, commercial banks, land development banks, regional rural banks, government loan schemes, and NABARD.
The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) was established in 1982 to provide credit and other services to promote rural development. It replaced previous agricultural credit institutions and aims to secure prosperity in rural areas through credit for agriculture and allied activities. NABARD serves as a refinancing body for rural lending institutions and provides direct loans. It also works to develop these institutions and coordinate rural financing through activities like rural credit planning, monitoring, and training.
NABARD was established in 1982 to promote rural prosperity in India. It replaced existing agricultural credit and rural development institutions. NABARD operates nationwide with regional and district offices. Its mission is to support sustainable agriculture and integrated rural development through credit and other services. NABARD provides refinancing to banks and cooperatives, promotes rural policies, and works to enhance financial inclusion in rural areas through programs like Kisan Credit Cards, self-help groups, and watershed development.
The document provides information about Zarai Taraqiati Bank Limited (ZTBL), which was previously known as the Agricultural Development Bank of Pakistan. It discusses ZTBL's history, mission, vision, objectives, organizational structure, products/services, and subsidiaries. Key points include that ZTBL is Pakistan's largest agricultural bank, it aims to provide financial services and technical assistance to farmers, and one of its subsidiaries is Kissan Support Services Limited which handles non-core activities like security and sports.
Cooperative banks in India were established to provide agricultural credit to farmers at low interest rates, relieving them from money lenders. They operate under a three-tier structure - primary agricultural credit societies (PACS) at the village level, district central cooperative banks (DCCBs) at the intermediate level, and state cooperative banks (SCBs) at the apex level. PACS provide short-term credit to farmers, while long-term credit is provided by land development banks. Cooperative banks play a vital role in rural financing and ensuring access to credit for farmers.
NABARD is the apex development bank in India that was established in 1982 to facilitate credit flow in rural areas and promote rural prosperity. It works to develop sustainable rural areas through financial and non-financial programs and innovations. NABARD provides refinancing to rural lending institutions, regulates cooperative banks and RRBs, and promotes research and training in rural banking and development. Some of its key programs and milestones include self-help groups, rural infrastructure development, watershed development, and programs to attract rural youth and support rural women entrepreneurs. NABARD faces challenges like inadequate finances, high non-performing loans, regional imbalances, and lack of coordination with other institutions.
The document discusses the entrepreneurship development cycle (EDC) which consists of three phases: the stimulatory phase which generates awareness and identifies potential entrepreneurs, the support phase which helps entrepreneurs establish and run their enterprises, and the sustaining phase which assists entrepreneurs in continuously operating their businesses efficiently. It also lists several institutions that are involved in promoting entrepreneurship through activities like training, research, and providing financial support.
Microfinance & its impact on women entrepreneurship developShingla Prabha
This document summarizes microfinance and its impact. It discusses how microfinance provides small loans, savings, and insurance to the poor, especially women. This empowers women economically and helps families rise out of poverty. Microfinance has increased household incomes, improved health, education and social outcomes. However, simply providing access to loans is not enough - business training is also needed to help women gain self-confidence and ability to make their own decisions to fully benefit from microfinance opportunities.
This document provides an overview of microfinance, including its key concepts, features, role, and importance. Microfinance involves providing financial services like loans, savings, insurance, and money transfers to low-income households and microenterprises. It aims to help the poor raise their income and standards of living. Key features include dealing in small loans, catering to the poor, supporting women and self-employment opportunities. Microfinance plays an important role in providing credit to the rural poor, alleviating poverty, empowering women, stimulating economic growth, and developing skills. Understanding the country context is also important, as it influences how microfinance is delivered.
Farmer movements: current and potential role in achieving integrated agricultural landscapes
This document discusses farmer and producer movements and their role in supporting diversified farming systems. It notes that small-scale farmers generate 70% of the world's food and examines ways movements are currently supporting diversified systems through initiatives like LandCare and Natura 2000. However, scaling these efforts faces constraints including gaps in knowledge, capacity among farmers, and unsupportive policies, incentives and investment environments.
Cooperative marketing societies are farmer associations formed to help members market their produce more profitably than through individual trade. They work to sell members' products in the best markets and at prices that benefit growers. Cooperative marketing provides economic and quality benefits like reduced costs, bargaining power, and access to storage, grading, loans and other services. However, cooperative marketing faces challenges like a lack of coordination, trained staff, and financial and infrastructure resources. Strengthening areas like storage, skills, and coordination between credit and marketing cooperatives could help address issues.
Traditional agriculture and its modernization questions by Ishita AgarwalIshita Agarwal
Traditional agriculture relied on outdated methods using indigenous knowledge and tools. Modernization introduced high-yielding varieties, fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation techniques to increase production. Key differences are traditional agriculture used few inputs while modern uses technology and chemicals. Reforms included land reforms, credit access, irrigation expansion, and price supports to boost output and farmer incomes. Technological reforms centered on the Green Revolution while institutional reforms privatized sectors and deregulated rents.
Agriculture Marketing (Mkt165) chapter 1-introductionwatak manga pilu
The document provides an overview of agricultural marketing concepts. It discusses key topics such as the definition of agricultural marketing, farm marketing, the agricultural marketing circle, agribusiness marketing, marketing utilities, marketing concepts, the importance of marketing, the food and fiber system, the development and role of agricultural marketing, and the structure of agricultural products and production. The main purpose is to introduce foundational concepts in agricultural marketing.
Development of financial institutions in NepalPawan Kawan
Financial institutions play a key role in the economy by facilitating transactions and the flow of money. In Nepal, there are various types of financial institutions that serve different functions:
- Commercial banks accept deposits and provide business loans and basic investment services. Nepal's first commercial bank was Nepal Bank Ltd.
- Development banks like the Nepal Development Bank Limited provide medium and long-term financing to support sectors like industry and agriculture.
- Other financial institutions in Nepal include finance companies, microcredit banks, cooperatives, and non-governmental organizations. As of 2012 there were over 300 registered financial institutions operating in Nepal.
Opportunities for farmer producers organizations in tamil naduDiraviam Jayaraj
- Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) are groups formed by smallholder farmers to obtain collective benefits from inputs, credit, technology, production facilities, marketing and value addition.
- FPOs provide effective extension services to members and feedback to researchers. They help small farmers participate in high-value markets like exports through aggregation and collective action.
- The document discusses various FPO models in Tamil Nadu and the services they provide members, from input supply to marketing. Sustainable FPOs require support from public, private and NGO extension partners.
The major problems that have been identified are, poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, homelessness and crime and violence. Poverty is the condition, when the individuals experience scarcity of resources that are necessary to sustain their living conditions appropriately in my slide we can learn more about this
After independence, the focus of the Government of India was to frame the major policies based on equity along with growth in the agriculture sector. Being an agrarian country, many efforts been made towards economic and social stabilization over the past decades, but not much progress has been achieved in the growth of the agro industrial sector. Farmers lack access to adequate agricultural technology inputs, funding and commercial farming skills have put the quality under the threat. The productivity may be increasing, but better quality not been achieved. With the increase in agricultural production, there is a need to have the proportionate growth in the agro-processing industry. In the recent past most of the farmers are becoming real estate owners by giving their fertile land to edifice industry, because they are unable to meet the expenditure spent on cultivation, high rates of interests taken from landlords, commission agents, banks and financial institutions, few among them committed suicide, the rate of suicide cases was out of control. Government from time to time taking steps to eradicate the effects in agriculture but they confined only to paper. In Dharmapuri, Karimnagar District of Andhra Pradesh farmers came forward to start their own associations to meet their problems without government intervention. This paper focuses on the farmers those who became entrepreneurs to Agri-preneurs, studies about the profile of agricultural entrepreneurs i.e. agri-preneurs and their socio cultural background in Dharmapuri in Andhra Pradesh.
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Abstract— The aim of this study was to map comprehensively as the basis for the implementation of technologies that met the needs of dairy farmers. Specifically, the objectives were: to analyze the marketing and institutional characteristics of dairy industryy in rural farmers. The target population is dairy farmers in Central Java, Yogyakarta and East Java Provinces. The numbers of samples were selected in nine dairy cooperatives, which were three cooperatives represented each province, three milk processing industries, and totally 270 farmers as respondents. Data were taken such as demographic characteristic of farmers, farmer groups, and marketing line of milk distribution from farmers to consumers. The results showed that the institutional environment of dairy industry and governance both from Cental Java, Yogyakarta and East Java need handlers more serious, it can be seen from the dependence of farmers on the institutions that exist including cooperatives and milk processing industries still high. From the aspect of livestock farming, cows in East Java showed better performance than the two other major regions, namely Central Java and Yogyakarta. Distribution and marketing of milk which is currently still depends on the institutional binding of cooperative, and dairy processing industry, and there has been no increase of participation in enhancing the value chain.
This document discusses key issues and policies related to Indian agriculture. It outlines three main goals: 1) achieving 4% agricultural growth to raise incomes through productivity increases and diversification, 2) promoting inclusive growth for small farmers and lagging regions, and 3) maintaining sustainability. Several challenges are also discussed, including low productivity, declining farm sizes, and climate change impacts. The document then examines seven policy topics in depth: macroeconomic policies, transforming agriculture through links to industry, ensuring sustainable food production, improving agricultural markets and trade, building resilience, developing healthy food systems, and strengthening institutions and governance. Throughout, the document emphasizes the importance of sensible policies and innovations to address the needs of small farmers and achieve the three overarching goals
The study examined how the relationship between the management problem and the food
production. The goal is show that the management problem is trying to overcome in the food production. This
has been done by examining the food production concept to address the management problem. The study
analyzes the management problem in food production through telephone number directory sampling of 53
farmers interviewed by telephone in 2014. Data collection and data analysis was used a quantitative approach
through questionnaire survey. Upon the examination of the phenomenon, it becomes clear that the food
production concept cannot deal with the management problem. Through showing that the food production
concept not affects the management problem, this research highlights the importance of deal with the
management problem
This document provides an overview of agribusiness management and its key concepts. It begins with defining agribusiness as comprising three sectors: input, farm, and product. It then discusses the origin and importance of agribusiness in India. The document also outlines the basic functions of management as planning, organizing, directing, controlling, coordinating, and communicating. It provides definitions and explanations of each management function. Finally, the document lists reference books for further reading on topics related to agribusiness management.
women entrepreneur current status article book amazon publicatons hariha...hariharan 23900
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Mr. N. Hariharan BCOM CS ., DDTP., DOA., IBM, Currently pursing MBA First year at AR SCHOOL OF BUSINESS , Dindigul, Tamil nadu, India, DDTP – Diploma in desk top publishing in computer Software College, vadipatty, Madurai (13 July 2014) year of completed.DOA – Diploma in office automation in success software academy, vadipatty, Madurai (14 July 2016) year of completed. E- Tally - in success software academy, vadipatty, Madurai (12.06.2017) year of completed. IBM- International Business Management European University. Professional diploma programme 23.04.2021
Sakthi Arts and Science College for Women, Ottanchatram, Dindigul. ONE DAY NATIONAL LEVEL SEMIAR ON “STRATEGICAL SKETCHING OF POST PANDEMIC TRANSFORMATION IN INDAN TREND AND COMMERCE” In won paper presentation FIRST PRIZE and Best paper Award at 23.03.2021.
M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Maduravoyal, Chennai. ONE DAY NATIONAL LEVEL ONLINE SYMPOSIM “MATHEMA 21” in Paper presentation winning 3rd Place At 05.05.2021.
He has published 58 papers published in international journal. Attended 52 webinars, paper presentation in 18 college national and international conference. Then 7 awars World record holder in AMIRTHAM 2021. Main area of specialization Commerce and Management. Finally total certificate is 205 it’s including quiz, webinar, pledge, workshops.
AWARDS ,
#youngachiver
#indianyouthicon
#bestresearchpaper
#bestpaprepresentation
#excellenceincommerce
#silverstar
#achiver
#dreamworldstudent
Worldrecord holder
#indiabooksofworldrecords
#elitebooksofworldrecords
#asianbooksofworldrecords
#tamilanbooksofworldrecords
#jackhibooksofworldrecords
#emicabooksofworldrecords
#starbooksofworldrecords
Agropreneur is defined as an entrepreneur who uses agriculture to build a business. The term „agropreneurship‟ reminds us that even the smallest-scale farmers are business-people.Dollinger (2003) defines entrepreneurship in agriculture as the creation of innovative economic organization for the purpose of growth or gain under conditions of risk and uncertainty in agriculture. Women have very hectic life. Her work starts from dawn and ends at dusk. The daily routine work begins from house cleaning, fetching drinking water, dish washing, laundry, preparing food for family, care of children, tailoring and sewing clothes. She manages these activities very smartly and actively.”This paper attempts to find the mettle power of women as a agropreneurMs.Sivaranjanithe promoter of, Amoto – A handmade organic skincare products followed with direct interview method, to identify the interest of women in carrying out a own enterprise with the factor inducing her to start a business in agricultural components, and to recapitulate her socio-economic status. The sampling design used for the study is, Expert sampling is a type of purposive sampling technique that is used when your research needs to glean knowledge from individuals that have particular expertise. At the end of the report the researcher concluded the study as agropreneurs who can work on preeminence can be encouraged more to show the taste of agropreneurship.
Rice Value Chain Analysis: Rice Seed Production as a Profitable Agribusiness ...IJAEMSJORNAL
This study explored the rice value chain (RVC) in Nueva Ecija, value additions, found restrictions, and offered to upgrade solutions to improve the competitiveness of the rice industry and specific segments in the RVC using the value chain analysis (VCA) methodology. Farmers, paddy dealers, millers, wholesalers, wholesaler-retailers, and retailers in Nueva Ecija provided primary data. Workshops with stakeholders were also held to validate preliminary findings and identify upgrading strategies. The RVC begins with the provision of inputs for paddy production and concludes with the consumption of milled rice. The RVC is dominated by a traditional multi-layered supply chain with interconnected chain actors consisting of competing farmers, paddy traders, millers, and rice traders in each segment and, frequently, with the involvement of brokers in both paddy aggregation and rice distribution, thereby increasing marketing cost. The major constraints identified in the RVC included high production and marketing costs of paddy and rice due to low yield, high labor and material inputs, and a lack of critical infrastructure and market facilities (e.g., modern mills, dryers, cheap transport, and energy), resulting in high domestic paddy and rice prices and low competitiveness of the entire rice VC. To improve competitiveness, the rice industry should focus on developing and promoting yield-increasing, postharvest loss-reducing, and cost-cutting technologies, as well as those that improve overall RVC efficiency, such as investments in enabling infrastructure and facilities for transport, handling, storage, drying, and milling.
National Strategic Alliance on Sustainable Agriculture Principles GlobalHunt Foundation
GlobalHunt Foundation initiated the National Strategic Alliance on Sustainable Agricultural Principles (SAP). This outcome report showcases the proceedings of the multi stakeholder meeting to discuss and strategize on key issues on pertaining to the alliance. AsaCSRandSustainabilityResearch,ConsultingandAdvisoryorganizationGlobalHuntFoundationthroughtheformulationofStrategicAllianceforSustainableAgricultureendeavorsobringsustainabilityintherealmofagriculture.Thepurposebehindtheallianceistoformulatesustainableprinciplesofagriculturethathelpsindesigningprogrammesacrosspan-Indiatowardstherevivingandsecuringofsustainableindigenousfarmingpractices,launching programmes that will enable upscaling of small and marginal farmers,preservation of indigenous knowledge,skills and enhancing ethical value chain.
Assignment case studies in agri entrepreneursMahesh Kadam
1) Small-scale farmers in Manipur account for 76% of employment in the state and contribute significantly to the state economy through food production and cultural preservation.
2) However, small-scale farmers face many challenges including lack of access to finance, markets, infrastructure, and supportive policies. They have low returns on investment and face high risks.
3) Opportunities for small-scale farmers include household production, providing agricultural services, processing and marketing crops, and preserving social values. But farmers require more support through finance, markets, technology, and incentives.
Welcome to the dawn of a new era in Agriculture.docxQQResearch1
Q&Q is an agriculture market research firm which is led by a team of young professionals who are at the forefront of innovation and insights. We help agriculture-input companies strategize across the entire life cycle of a product or service in this sector. Speak to us and know more.
Enterprising the Farmer Entrepreneur (A case study of Manipur, India)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Information technology in agriculture of bangladesh and other developing coun...Chittagong university
This document discusses using information and communication technologies (ICTs) for agricultural extension in developing countries like Bangladesh. It first provides background on Bangladesh's agriculture sector, which relies heavily on rice production. Traditional agricultural extension programs that aim to increase technology adoption among small-scale farmers have had mixed results. The document then explores how ICTs could help overcome issues like lack of access to information that limit technology adoption. It reviews current ICT-based agricultural extension programs and their potential to improve farmers' knowledge, adoption of new technologies, and welfare. The document concludes by recommending further research on the impact of ICT-based extension in developing countries.
Re-positioning adult education for development to thrive in NigeriaSubmissionResearchpa
The paper examines adult education practice in agriculture-led development strategy from pedagogical perspective. The paper believes that adult education has the potentialities for development but argues that there are missing elements in the adult education practice that are critical if sustained agricultural growth will be achieved. Instead of andragogy, transformative learning and liberatory method should be embraced. Also, instead of focusing on scientific knowledge systems alone, indigenous practices should be encouraged by Ephraim Wordu 2020. Re-positioning adult education for development to thrive in Nigeria . International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 12 (Dec. 2020), 1-6. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i12.902 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/902/853 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/902
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The Challenges of Microfinance Institutions in Empowering Micro and Small Ent...Mercu Buana University
This study aims to examine the challenges of microfinance institutions (MFIs) in empowering micro and small entrepreneur to concern and care not only for the business growth but also the environmental sustainability in their surroundings. Indonesia as developing countries also faces the environmental degradation that contributes by micro and small entrepreneurs. Moreover MFIs have substantial relationships in term to preserve the environment because of the objectives are not only achieve the profit but also balancing with the social (people) and environment (planet) achievement and MFIs clients also micro and small entrepreneur who as the majority contributor of environment degradation in developing countries. The discussion of the paper is determined by three research questions (i) What’s the role of MFIs in preserving the environment? (ii) How the role of corporate governance in MFIs? (iii) How the implementation of corporate governance in MFIs in empowering micro to implementing green activity (Indonesia evidence)? In addition, to ensure the commitment of MFIs should exist corporate governance, which supervise the compliance with Act No.1 2013 related to the sustainability concern from MFIs because until now the impact of the act has not given the significant impact yet because of the importance is not only the existence of regulation but also the consciousness all stakeholders related to comply and implementing of green activity.
The document discusses business models for linking small farmers and SMEs to modern agricultural markets and industries in order to promote inclusive growth. Effective business models help create alliances between supply chain participants through collaboration and co-investment. The nature of the business model is an important determinant of how value is created or lost for smallholders and SMEs. Models may be economically viable, technically feasible and socially acceptable if tailored to occupations and livelihoods. Developing agribusiness models requires a concept roadmap and contingent action plans to achieve fruitful results.
A Study on Attitude of Commerce Graduating Students Towards Entrepreneurship ...QUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: India is plagued by high levels of unemployment. Government in collaboration with private stakeholders have initiated numerous interventions to encourage entrepreneurship, however not enough progress has been made up to date. This can be attributed to the lack of understanding of the attitudes and perceptions among the youth towards entrepreneurship. The current interventions are mostly focused on dealing with the most common obstacles such as the cultural and social norms, financial support, regulation, while ignoring to foster the correct attitudes towards entrepreneurship as a career choice. The Kerala state is known to be the high literacy area of India being the highest graduates as well as commerce graduate qualified of the country. The scarcity of employment opportunities in the formal market is the source of the high unemployment rate among graduates. The University students possess a high potential in terms of starting their own businesses ventures due to their levels of education. The question is: Do they possess a positive attitude towards entrepreneurship? Problem of poor attitudes towards Entrepreneurship among graduates will continue to contribute towards high levels of unemployment.
India is a country of village and farmers where more than 60 percent of its p...16manish
India has a large rural population and rural development is important for overall national development. Rural management studies aim to enhance rural development and livelihoods. There are increasing career opportunities in rural management in areas like dairy development, agriculture, banking, retail, and non-profits. Skills in rural engagement and development are in demand from companies, NGOs, and the government. Popular courses are offered at institutions like IRMA.
Similar to Review Literature (Factors Affecting Entrepreneurship Development in Agribusiness, among Agricultural Graduates).pdf (20)
Nitrogenous fertilizers play a crucial role in agricultural production by supplying essential
nitrogen to plants. Nitrogen is a vital nutrient required for plant growth, development, and
the production of proteins, enzymes, and chlorophyll. Here's a brief overview of the
significance of nitrogenous fertilizers.
Agriculture cooperatives have been playing a significant role in stepping up to the growth of
agriculture production in the country through supply of farm inputs and other technical services
to the farmers. Cooperatives also provide post-harvest services for procurement, grading,
processing, storage and marketing of farmers’ surplus produce. These cooperatives are rendering
an equally useful service by maintaining the supply-line and distribution of consumer.
Storage cooperative societies in India play a crucial role in the agricultural sector by
providing storage facilities for farmers to preserve and safeguard their produce. These
societies are formed by a group of farmers or individuals involved in agricultural activities,
with the aim of collectively managing storage facilities for agricultural commodities such as
grains, fruits, vegetables, and other perishable goods. Here's an overview of the functioning
of storage cooperative societies in India.
The Video Vault was a dominant video retailer in its local area, renting DVDs and VHS tapes. It had over 6,000 registered customers and 10,000 titles available. To improve, it needs to enhance security, scalability, accessibility and compatibility. It should expand its service offerings, improve the customer experience, and strengthen partnerships. Adopting new management tools around security, access control and automation could also help the company modernize its operations.
This content is totally institute driven case study analysis upon "Thudiyalur Co-operative Agriculture Services Limited (TUCAS), Coimbatore" is done...
(1) To conduct an assessment on company’s performance.
(2) To find out the core competence of TUCAS.
(3) To conduct a SWOT analysis upon TUCAS’s situation.
(4) To decentralize TUCAS’s business mission for crowning achievement and reinstate TUCAS’s eminence in every nook and corner.
Genetic variation is crucial for successful barley improvement. Genomic technologies are improving dramatically and are providing access to the genetic diversity within this important crop species. Diverse collections of barley germplasm are being assembled and mined via genome-wide association studies and the identified variation can be linked to the barley sequence assembly. Introgression of favorable alleles via marker-assisted selection is now faster and more efficient due to the availability of single nucleotide polymorphism platforms. High-throughput genotyping is also making genomic selection an essential tool in modern barley breeding.
The word agriculture has been derived from a Latin word agriculture- ager means a field and
cultura means to cultivate. The term agriculture defines to cultivate the fields. The Longman,s
Modern English Dictionary defined the word agriculture as “ the science or the art or practice of
large scale oil cultivation in order to produce crops.”Mc Carty(1970) defines agriculture as “ the
purposeful tending of crops and live stocks.” Thus, the word agriculture includes not only
domestication of plants and animals useful to man but also many of the operation involved in
marketing them. It is revealed that real nature of agriculture is associated both individually and
collectively, with the farming occupation of man. In Mesolithic age about ten thousand years
ago, man began to cultivate land and produced food grains.
(1) The document presents a farm plan for cultivating 2 acres of French bean. It details the soil and climate requirements, recommended varieties, costs of cultivation such as seed, land preparation, fertilizers, pesticides, harvesting, and estimated profits.
(2) The total estimated cost of cultivating 2 acres of French bean is Rs. 1,37,148 with projected income of Rs. 3,08,000, resulting in an estimated net profit of Rs. 1,70,852.
(3) French bean cultivation is recommended as it fits well in crop rotations, adds nitrogen to soil, and provides good returns for farmers.
This document summarizes the cultivation practices for growing zinnia flowers. It discusses land preparation including weeding, adding fertilizer, transplanting seedlings on 30cm x 40cm spacing, pinching and deadheading to promote more flowering, irrigation every 2-3 days, and harvesting flowers when fully bloomed. Pests like aphids and diseases like powdery mildew are controlled through prevention methods like growing in sun, watering properly, and removing dead plant material. The goal is to have healthy, vigorously blooming zinnia plants.
The document is a report submitted by four students on their integrated farming system project. It includes summaries of three production units: a mushroom unit, dairy unit, and fishery/pearl unit. For the mushroom unit, it describes the species grown, materials and process used, costs, income generated, and market analysis. Similarly, it provides details on the cow species in the dairy unit, feeding, health, products made, costs, income, and market. Finally, it summarizes the pond size, species farmed, feeding, harvesting, and SWOT analysis for the fishery/pearl unit. The overall project aims to generate additional income through an integrated approach to farming different activities.
The document is a case study on demand management and forecasting for TCOM India Ltd. It analyzes the company's market, products, competition and objectives. It identifies key problems around omnichannel customer experience and competing against other manufacturers. It provides solutions around assessment strategies, market segmentation, monitoring competitors, and using management tools like SWOT analysis. It recommends the vice president include a time series graph of sales, analyze seasonality, forecast next year's monthly sales, note a large forecast error if January sales are 105 crores, and recommend updating the forecasting system to focus on low and progressing seasons to reduce seasonality impact and increase uniform sales.
The global food market generated $8.66 trillion in revenue in 2022 and is expected to grow annually by 6.72% through 2027. Revenue increased year-over-year for most food categories between 2014-2022, with the largest increases in bread/cereals, confectionery/snacks, and fruits/nuts. Oils/fats saw a revenue decline from 2021-2022. The data was used to calculate both the dollar change and percentage change in revenue from year-to-year to analyze trends in the global food market.
1. This document describes a visit to a poultry farm owned by Santosh Kumar Jaysingh. The farm was established in 2011 and has an area of 3 acres with 8000 birds. Total investment in the farm is 30 lakhs.
2. The document then describes the various activities involved in operating the poultry farm, including house preparation, brooding management, floor space requirements, chick arrival preparation, and vaccination schedules. It also includes details on feed management, water requirements, and litter management.
3. Financial details provided show a production cost of Rs. 4203500 annually and total selling price of Rs. 8686200 annually, giving a benefit-cost ratio of 2.1.
Agricultural Development Associates Program(Krusi Unnat
sahajogi) is one of its kind apprenticeship program in the
country, which aims to leverage the final year undergraduate
students in improving the extension activities in the focus
blocks of the state. The students were employed as an agent
of change on the ground.
RAWE (Rural Agricultural Work Experience) is a program for imparting quality, practical & production oriented for Agriculture Graduates .
RAWE is an important tool in ensuring increased agricultural productivity, sustainability and environmental and ecological security, profitability, job security and equity. In India RANDHWA Committee (1992) recommended the rural agricultural work experience (RAWE) program for imparting quality, practical
and production oriented education for agriculture degree program.
More from Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar. (15)
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Review Literature (Factors Affecting Entrepreneurship Development in Agribusiness, among Agricultural Graduates).pdf
1. Factors Affecting Entrepreneurship Development in Agribusiness, among
Agricultural Graduates: A Review
Soumyashree Priyadarshi
Dept. of Agribusiness Management, CPGS, OUAT, Bhubaneswar.
ABSTRACT Agribusiness entrepreneurship has a significant role in the economy to foster the development of a
country. Most countries have strong potential for the development of agribusiness entrepreneurship due to prevailing
food insecurity issues and high unemployment rates. Also, agribusiness entrepreneurship is one of the newest areas
of research and also it is identified that there is an issue among the graduates to join the field as Agribusiness
management entrepreneurs. This study is tried to investigate the major factors associated with entrepreneurship
development in Agribusiness globally and how these factors are linked with the Indian context. The main objective of
this study is to identify the factors affecting entrepreneurship development in Agribusiness, among agricultural
graduates. The study was carried out using secondary information and the research was conducted by reviewing
literature including the recent research papers available. This study has identified the different research views on
global agriculture, Agribusiness education and carrier opportunities in the agribusiness sector, factors affecting
agricultural graduates to join as entrepreneurs in the agribusiness sector and challenges and issues they faced in the
field. The findings of this study are significantly important for the policymakers to upgrade the Agribusiness education
system which will yield the best results.
Keywords: Agribusiness, Agriculture, Entrepreneurship
1. Introduction
Concerning the research in the entrepreneurship field, Agribusiness entrepreneurship is one of the newest
areas of research. But with its integration into the field of Agriculture, Agribusiness entrepreneurship has been
converted into one of the significant supportive factors for economic development within the dynamic and
highly competitive global world market. Especially Agribusiness Sector is highly important for the rural
economic development in developing countries. Moreover, the creation of entrepreneurship is vital for
economic prosperity in any country. Entrepreneurship research is examined the areas of why, when, and how
particular individuals identify and exploit the available opportunities. For the development of agribusiness
entrepreneurship, the evolution of the global free market economies has made significant influence and thus
it led to develop a new concept, “Agripreneurship”.
When considering agribusiness education, it is a kind of discipline which consists of economic,
agriculture, business (commerce) and management principles. Though the Agribusiness management field has
a very recent origin, it has popularized among students as a carrier choice globally. Also, every agribusiness
program is planned to develop a management workforce to cater agricultural industry which serves as a good
option for the students willing to perform in the corporate sector.
Even though it has developed naval education concepts such as agribusiness management, there is a
significant low intention of the younger generation in entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector, and this is
highly observed in the countries like India, Nepal, Indonesia and Sri Lanka. Lack of involvement of youth in the
agricultural sector, intensified by a declining interest among young professionals in agriculture-related careers,
has resulted in an aging agricultural system. It means agriculture with the tendency of traditional farmers who
are unknown of scientific agriculture and effective management practices. These farmers are facing difficulties
such as cropping with delaying monsoons, drought, crop debts, low-quality seeds and lack of fertilizer.
Therefore, to sustain and maintain modern Agriculture globally it is essential to do modernization,
diversification, commercialization and promotion of crop products. Thus, it is highly implied the importance
of entrepreneurship opportunities in the agribusiness sector which leads to develop managerial, technical and
innovative skills and positively contributes to the global economy.
2. The Republic of India, which is considered as a country that is agricultural based and still traditional
agricultural methods and practices are popular among the farmers. This study is tried to investigate the
major factors associated with entrepreneurship development in Agribusiness globally and how these factors
are linked with the Indian context. The main objective of this study is to identify the factors affecting
entrepreneurship development in Agribusiness, among agricultural graduates.
The study was based on secondary data, and the research was carried out by looking over the most
recent research papers accessible. The conclusions of this study are crucial for policymakers to enhance the
Agribusiness education system in order to achieve the greatest results. Because, Agribusiness programs are
designed to build a management workforce to serve the Agro-industry, a great option for students who
want to compete in the corporate sector. Proper management of all agribusiness activities is required, from
planting seeds to getting real money in the market. Also, the findings of this study will help to investigate
the factors affecting the Entrepreneurship in Agribusiness sector by focusing on the Sri Lankan context and
to evaluate the effectiveness of the educational programs related to the Agribusiness field.
2) Literature review
2.1. Definition of entrepreneurship and agribusiness education
2.1.1. Entrepreneurship
One of the initial definitions of an entrepreneur came from Cantillon, (cited in Sorenson & Chang, 2006)
who in 1755 defined an entrepreneur who practices bartering, takes risks, buys at a fixed price and sells at
an indefinite price. Moreover, their entrepreneur is considered as a broker who is willing to take the market
risk and bring different segments of the market together. With time, different definitions have developed
with the changes in the economic and social status of the dynamic global world. Economists often identify
self-employed people and entrepreneurs as the same category based on the fact that the gardener and
small business owner with salaried employees carry the risk of entrepreneurship.
2.1.2. Agribusiness education
Agribusiness is used as an amalgamation of agriculture and business within the industry and it refers to a
range of activities and disciplines that include modern food production. The agribusiness system
experienced a speedy transformation with the development of new industries, traditional agricultural
activities became more specialized and superior. The sector incorporates many agricultural sector activities
under one roof, such as inputs for agriculture, Agro-production, Agro-processing, Agro-marketing, and
trading that add value to agricultural products.
In the current Global context, the huge necessity is a market oriented and consumer centric
education system that achieves the goal of economic growth and development through income and
employment. In the agricultural education system, the discipline of Agro-industrial management appeared,
which is gaining popularity among students and scientists. the Agribusiness education programs are
designed to develop leaders to support the agribusiness industry, which is a good option for students
looking to work in business. Sound management of all agricultural activities is required from sowing the
seeds to getting real rewards in the market and it has expected that these problems will be solved by
introducing management education in the agricultural sector; Agribusiness Education, which certainly has
the hidden potential to create a second wave of the agrarian revolution.
2.2. Global agriculture and agribusiness education
According to the records of the World Bank (2021), a healthy, sustainable and inclusive diet is the key to
achieving global development goals. Agricultural development is the most effective tool to lift 9.7 billion
people out of poverty and feed 9.7 billion people by 2050. The analysis conducted in 2016, found that 65%
of working poor adults also earn their living from agriculture.
3. 2.4. Entrepreneurship and agribusiness graduates: global perspective
Further World bank explained that Agriculture is also important for economic growth: it was 4% of global
gross domestic product (GDP) in 2018, accounting for more than 25% of GDP in some developing countries.
It has already been investigated that developed countries have intensified their efforts to mobilize
young people to participate in agricultural development activities. Countries such as Germany, the
Netherlands, the United States of America (USA), the United Kingdom (UK), Denmark and Tanzania are known
to involve young people in agriculture, leading to significant improvements in agricultural production and
youth empowerment (FAO, 2009). However, governments around the world are working hard to get young
people involved in agriculture. This hindered the growth of their agricultural sector. For any economy based
on agriculture, it is important to motivate and encourage young people to engage in agriculture so that the
economy can thrive and be sustainable.
Even though global agriculture is rapidly changing into a huge business opportunity, due to poor
application of technical methods, most developing countries like India, Indonesia and Sri Lanka lost a huge
proportion of economic benefits from Agriculture. In this scenario, the role of Agribusiness management is
very important to acquire the whole benefits of Agriculture, while facing new challenges and rapid
globalization effects. India as a developing country have taken steps to develop qualified agribusiness
managers, while giving proper knowledge and skills in Agriculture and business management.
Agribusiness is a growing industry, a growing career option for agribusiness students with excellent
academic development opportunities in the industry. Agribusiness management training is needed to
develop trained capabilities, to create business opportunities, to create jobs for poverty alleviation, and to
develop industry and global agriculture. Currently, public-private partnerships are looking for mature, trained
agribusiness workers who can lead the growth of the organization. The management skills of agricultural
graduates can be developed in the field of agribusiness management at the academy so that they can practice
agribusiness in national and international institutions. As a result, there are more opportunities for
agribusiness professionals as employment or jobs in the public and private sectors. They have opportunities
in education, for example, in agribusiness, as well as in other areas of business development.
2.3. Career opportunities towards the agribusiness sector: global perspective
An entrepreneur is a change-driven, value-adding person willing to innovate to seize opportunities in business
promotion. There are three aspects that can be considered in defining farmers as entrepreneurs: risk-taking,
growth direction, and innovation. Entrepreneurs seek change and innovation to create new and unique
processes, turn raw materials into resources, or use more productive ways to integrate existing resources.
An entrepreneur as a person working full-time or part-time in agricultural activities (near-field, horticultural,
animal husbandry) and non-agricultural activities (market research, customer management) for profits.
Achieving pre-defined goals requires appropriate management skills and experienced technicians,
leading to the introduction of agricultural management programs for agricultural graduates to acquire and
manage world-class agricultural businesses with critical management skills and entrepreneurship. Therefore,
agricultural managers in national and international companies have excellent opportunities in the fields of
agricultural production, agricultural marketing, food processing, supply chain, dairy products and retail. These
multinationals are interested in investing in industries such as agrochemicals, organic farming, food, home
gardening, poultry, plantations, agroforestry and the Ayurvedic industry. The key areas of management of
the professional agricultural business are the food business, agriculture, the retail chain, banking, farm
insurance, supply chain management and supply management
4. 2.4. Entrepreneurship and agribusiness graduates: global perspective
Entrepreneurship is one of the fastest-growing topics in the undergraduate curriculum and is responding to
intense demand from students, university administrators and employers. Entrepreneurship clubs,
associations, internships, and even business departments of universities have been established in the United
States. Many agribusiness programs have begun to meet the requirements for incorporating the concepts of
innovation and entrepreneurship into their curricula.
Even though it has more tendency for agribusiness education, the agricultural sector is less
favourable to many young people and they are reluctant to choose agricultural and agribusiness
opportunities as a carrier. Research shows that these people view farming work in particular as a financial
factor needed to determine if farming can lead a fair life. Financial status is generally unrelated to lack of
capital or business profitability, making it difficult for young people to become entrepreneurs. The assessed
agricultural sector is a high risk, so investment and productivity have been a hot topic lately. Many young
agricultural graduates tend to work in other fields. Thissituation becomes the reference for research, in which
agriculture is less interested due to financial problems. The lack of financial support of some participants
must be the reason for the crisis of youth entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector, which later coincided
with the intention of the entrepreneur to engage in agriculture. Young people consider the lack of capital,
skills, support, market opportunities and risks as the main barriers to entrepreneurship.
2.5. Factors affecting for entrepreneurship in agribusiness among agricultural graduates
Entrepreneurship was most influenced by self-efficacy of entrepreneurship, attitudes toward
entrepreneurship, and knowledge of the availability of entrepreneurial support. In addition, gender,
occupation, household size, role in family financing and previous entrepreneurial experiences were
significantly influenced. Men with small family sizes and those who play a large role in family finances seem
to have great potential to show off great business plans. In addition, independent and enterprising
grandparents, parents and good friends have proven to be very enterprising. It is also pointed out that the
factors that drive business plans can be improved through entrepreneurship education. active skills through
education and experience are the most important way to improve one's self-efficacy. Entrepreneurship
education makes it possible to use these skills to control events and thus increase control over behaviours.
Attitudes do not significantly influence students' aspirations to become entrepreneurs. But the
subjective laws have a significant effect on intentions, and the concept of behavioural control has a significant
impact on the intentions of entrepreneurs in agriculture.
2.6. Challenges and issues on entrepreneurship in agribusiness
Agriculture is emerging as a viable option for eradicating youth unemployment and the inability of them to
cope with economic challenges, and negative attitudes young people still have toward agriculture. Young
people are less interested in agriculture because they do not see agriculture as an attractive activity. The
main barriers to youth participation in agriculture are skills development, low wages, job insecurity, climate
change and poor living conditions. These factors have a significant impact on young people's weak attitudes
towards agriculture. Most agricultural activities in rural areas are for food rather than commercial level that
eliminates the income of young workers.
The use of Agri-entrepreneurship could change roles and involve more young people in agriculture.
The agribusiness sector includes entrepreneurship training, increasing access to agricultural credit and access
to tools for economically viable agriculture. Such aid will be able to create employment in agriculture for the
vast majority of the millions of unemployed and unemployed youth.
5. However, the factors that affect agribusiness can be divided into two main categories; Endocrine and
extrinsic. Internal factors are factors that prevent a person from entering farming. There are several inherent
barriers to youth involvement in agriculture, including land ownership and access, lack of interest and
knowledge, lack of infrastructure in rural areas, lack of effective programs, the normalization of youth
numbers and access to credit.
3. Conclusion and recommendations
Agribusiness entrepreneurship should be developed as an important tool to transform a country's rural
economy. Despite the lack of research on the Indian context, the Indian agribusiness environment has great
potential and great potential in a competitive business environment. However, there are several weaknesses
and threats in the country that need to be addressed through precautionary solutions at the macro and micro
levels.
As per the findings of this study, there is significant attention to agribusiness education and
entrepreneurship in the agriculture sector globally. When considering the carrier opportunities of the
agribusiness sector, there are plenty of opportunities in the fields of agricultural production, agricultural
marketing, food processing and supply chain. But still, the agricultural sector is less favourable to many young
people and they are reluctant to choose Agriculture related employment as a carrier. Many young agricultural
graduates tend to work in other fields. Young people consider the lack of capital, skills, support, market
opportunities and risks as the main barriers to enter agribusiness entrepreneurship. When considering the
factors that affected entrepreneurship development, entrepreneurship was most influenced by self-efficacy
of entrepreneurship, attitudes towards entrepreneurship, and knowledge of the availability of
entrepreneurial support. In addition, gender, occupation, household size, role in family financing and
previous entrepreneurial experiences were significantly influenced. The main challenges to youth
participation in agriculture are skills development, low wages, job insecurity, climate change and poor living
conditions.
References
O. A., & Ishola, A. A. (2020). Impact of agribusiness entrepreneurial training on entrepreneurial
attitudes among students of Oyo state college of agriculture and technology, Igboora, Oyo State,
Nigeria. Agricultural Socio-Economics Journal, 20(2), 117-128.
I., Nawaz, M.M., Ahmad, Z., Shaukat, M.Z., Usman, A., Rehman, W.U. & Ahmed, N., (2010).
Determinants of students’ entrepreneurial career intentions: Evidence from business graduates.
European Journal of Social Sciences, 15(2), 14-22.
S. L., Kalia, A., Meena, L. K., Lakra, K., & Kushwaha, S. (2014). Agribusiness management education:
A review on employment opportunities. International Journal of Scientific and Research
Publications (IJSRP), 4(2), 1-4.
M., Dadzie, S. K., & Tandoh, E. (2017). Undergraduate students’ willingness to start own
agribusiness venture after graduation: A Ghanaian case. In Entrepreneurship Education. Emerald
Publishing Limited.
R. B., Hofer, C. W., & Meeks, M. D. (1998, June). The entrepreneur and entrepreneurship:
Operational definitions of their role in society. In Annual International Council for Small Business
Conference, Singapore, (1-12).
Adekola,
Ahmed,
Bairwa,
Bosompem,
Carton,
6. C. L., & Turvey, C. G. (2006). Innovation and entrepreneurship in rural communities: Early business
survival challenges for the agribusiness entrepreneur. (1366-2016-108207).
L. M., Schroeter, C., & Wright, C. (2018). Lighting the flame of entrepreneurship among agribusiness
students. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 21(1), 121-132.
N. (2021). Agribusiness and agro-industry pesantrent efforts to develop entrepreneurship and
industry towards independence of pesantrents. Enrichment: Journal of Management, 11(2), 496-
502.
J., Jørgensen, R., & Malchow-Møller, N. (2007). Defining and measuring entrepreneurship.
Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship, 4(1), 1-63.
A. J., Depositario, D. P. T., & Zapata Jr, N. R. (2017). Factors influencing the entrepreneurial
intentions of UPLB Agri-based graduates. In DLSU Research Congress.
A., Bimbetova, B., Omarova, A., Kaiyrgaliyeva, M., Bekbusinova, G., Saimova, S., & Saparaliyev,
D. (2020). A swot analysis of factors influencing the development of agriculture sector and
agribusiness entrepreneurship. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 26(1), 1-8.
Carsrud, A., Jagoda, K., & Shen, W. (2013). Determinants of entrepreneurial intentions: Applying
western model to the Sri Lanka context. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 21(02), 153-174.
G., (2006). Farmers as entrepreneurs: Developing competitive skills. Journal of Developmental
Entrepreneurship, 11(03), 187-206.
Z., Rezai, G., Shamsudin, M. N., & Mahmud, M. M. A. (2012). Enhancing young graduates’
intention towards entrepreneurship development in Malaysia. Education+ Training.
, E. (2017). Challenges and opportunities for youth engaged in agribusiness in Kenya (Doctoral
dissertation, United States International University-Africa).
E.Y. & Zhuang, J., 2018. Does farmer entrepreneurship alleviate rural poverty in China? Evidence
from Guangxi Province. PloS One, 13(3), 0194912.
R. R., Khaliqi, M., Jamil, A. S., & Bakhtiar, A. (2020, February). Factors affects agricultural
entrepreneurial intention of agribusiness students. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and
Environmental Science, 454, 012038. IOP Publishing.
O. W., & Olowa, O. A. (2015). Factors affecting entrepreneurship development in agribusiness
enterprises in Lagos State, Nigeria. Global Journal of Management and Business Research.
V. (2012). Agribusiness: A great career opportunity for talented people. International Food and
Agribusiness Management Review, 15(1030-2016-82834), 27-30.
S., & Naharki, K. (2020). A SWOT analysis of agribusiness entrepreneurship in Nepal. Food &
Agribusiness Management, 1(2), 60-65.
R.N. & Wahyu, B.P. (2017). Entrepreneurship intention in agricultural sector of young generation
in Indonesia. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship.
G. R., Deyi, Z., Magsi, H., Noonari, S., Joyo, A., Muhammad, S., & Kazmi, M. (2018). An empirical
study of attitude towards entrepreneurial intention among Pakistan and China agricultural
graduates in agribusiness. The International Journal of Business Management and Technology, 2(5),
21-34.
Escalante,
Higgins,
Hikmah,
Iversen,
Jumamil,
Kurmanalina,
Lin, X.,
McElwee,
Mohamed,
Muthomi
Naminse,
Novanda,
Olowa,
Puri,
Regmi,
Ridha,
Sargani,
7. J., & Chang, P. (2006). Determinants of successful entrepreneurship: A review of the recent
literature. Available at SSRN 1244663.
& Wang, J. H. (2019). Factors affecting social entrepreneurship intentions among agricultural
university students in Taiwan. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 22(1),
107-118.
S., (2020). The mediating role of the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention in relation to
previous experience and social entrepreneurship. Women's Studies Sociological and
Psychological, 18(3), 181-216.
• Special Thanks to Amarasekera K. A. I. M. for content support!
Sorensen,
Yu, T. L.,
Zarinjoi Alvar,