Network for Sustainable Hydropower Development for Mekong Region with the support of MRC-GIZ Cooperation Programme from the Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management of Khon Kaen University gave a presentation on Trans-Boundary Issue.
Network for Sustainable Hydropower Development for Mekong Region with the support of MRC-GIZ Cooperation Programme from the Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management of Khon Kaen University gave a presentation on Trans-Boundary Issue.
Krishna Vatsa - Resilience-based approach to Flood Risk Management in South AsiaGlobal Risk Forum GRFDavos
Panel II: “Approaches to Infrastructure Resiliency in Different National Contexts”
Krishna Vatsa, Regional Disaster Risk Reduction Advisor, South Asia UN Development Programme, Bangkok, Thailand
Designing for waterfront resilience in Hudson Riverfront communitiesLibby Zemaitis
The Climate-Adaptive Design (CAD) Studio links Cornell students in landscape architecture with flood-risk Hudson Riverfront communities to explore design alternatives for more climate resilient, beautiful and connected waterfront areas.
http://wri.cals.cornell.edu/hudson-river-estuary/climate-change-hudson-river-estuary/climate-adaptive-design
(IWRM). The presentation has the following flow:
1. The relevance of IWRM for a number of key development issues
2. The key characteristics of the concept
3. The global status of IWRM
4. Practical implementation – the challenges
5. Practical implementation – case studies showing successful
applications to problematic management scenarios
6. How IWRM programmes are being linked with the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) and adaptation to climate change by the setting of achievement milestones
Panel III: "Appropriateness of Resiliency as a National Strategy"
Joao Ribeiro, General Director of the National Disasters Management Institute (INGC), Maputo, Mozambique
Abstract of 'Health Effects of Western Region Illegal Gold Mining':
The presentation concerns:
1. A discussion of conclusions drawn on ground- and surface-
water statistical analysis in the Western Region of Ghana,
since 2010.
The analysis concerns Heavy Metals (HM), as by-product of
gold-mining industries: small-mining (so-called Galamsey)
and large-mining.
2. A survey of the health-effects, available medical investi-
gations and therapy of HM poisoning by polluted water.
Because Mercury, Arsenic and Lead were the main focus
of statistical analysis in the Western Region, the health-
effects of those metals were central in the discussions.
3. The conclusion of the study, with recommendations,
comprising:
a. Transparency in mining practices;
b. Institution of Water-Watch-Groups as representatives
of stakeholders;
c. Replacement of the assigned inspectors;
d. Elimination of Arsenic in waste-water at source;
e. Reduction of all other toxic Heavy Metals in mining-
waste-waters;
f. Urgent update to recent scientific standards;
g. Bring polluters & perpetrators to justice through Fast-
track procedures;
h. The President may take the initiatives mentioned in
the Ghana Constitution, Part II Emergency Powers
Art. 31;
i. Assign Pollution research to an independent
Research-institute, preferably an institute from a non-
ex-colonial country;
j. Introduce, as soon as possible, law-enforced non-
toxic gold-extraction methods;
4. In the Way Forward are mentioned:
a. Mercury suppliers in Ghana and an example of
Mining-Industry with a dubious mission;
b. 3 Examples of Toxic-free chemical Gold-Extraction
Methods;
c. 2 Examples of Chemical-free Gold-Extraction
Methods;
d. concluding: recommended methods for Small- and
Large-gold-mining Industries;
IWRM in Practice - Operationalising IWRM at Basin Level: Niger River Basin Ca...Iwl Pcu
Presentation by Ousmane Diallo, Water Resources & Environment Specialist, GEF Project & Shared Vision Coordinator (NBA) at the International Conference on IWRM in Tokyo - December 2004
Seawater Intrusion Vulnerability Assessment of a Coastal Aquifer: North Coast...IJERA Editor
Groundwater pollution in the north coast of Mombasa is not only from surface sources but also from the
intrusion of seawater via the Indian Ocean and creeks. This study assessed the vulnerability of the coastal aquifer
to seawater intrusion using GALDIT index overlay method with the aid of GIS. Thematic maps of six major
factors affecting seawater intrusion were prepared, and given appropriate weightages and ratings. These maps
were overlaid, spatially analyzed to produce vulnerability maps and described based on low, moderate or high
vulnerabilities. The results revealed a significant increase in percentage land cover for low vulnerability areas
and a slight increase for high vulnerability regions between the pre-rains and the peak of raining season. The
outcomes of this study provide useful insights on effective groundwater management for the study area.
Pathways for Coastal Adaptation in Metro Vancouver, Alexandra Heather RUTLEDGEGlobal Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
Krishna Vatsa - Resilience-based approach to Flood Risk Management in South AsiaGlobal Risk Forum GRFDavos
Panel II: “Approaches to Infrastructure Resiliency in Different National Contexts”
Krishna Vatsa, Regional Disaster Risk Reduction Advisor, South Asia UN Development Programme, Bangkok, Thailand
Designing for waterfront resilience in Hudson Riverfront communitiesLibby Zemaitis
The Climate-Adaptive Design (CAD) Studio links Cornell students in landscape architecture with flood-risk Hudson Riverfront communities to explore design alternatives for more climate resilient, beautiful and connected waterfront areas.
http://wri.cals.cornell.edu/hudson-river-estuary/climate-change-hudson-river-estuary/climate-adaptive-design
(IWRM). The presentation has the following flow:
1. The relevance of IWRM for a number of key development issues
2. The key characteristics of the concept
3. The global status of IWRM
4. Practical implementation – the challenges
5. Practical implementation – case studies showing successful
applications to problematic management scenarios
6. How IWRM programmes are being linked with the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) and adaptation to climate change by the setting of achievement milestones
Panel III: "Appropriateness of Resiliency as a National Strategy"
Joao Ribeiro, General Director of the National Disasters Management Institute (INGC), Maputo, Mozambique
Abstract of 'Health Effects of Western Region Illegal Gold Mining':
The presentation concerns:
1. A discussion of conclusions drawn on ground- and surface-
water statistical analysis in the Western Region of Ghana,
since 2010.
The analysis concerns Heavy Metals (HM), as by-product of
gold-mining industries: small-mining (so-called Galamsey)
and large-mining.
2. A survey of the health-effects, available medical investi-
gations and therapy of HM poisoning by polluted water.
Because Mercury, Arsenic and Lead were the main focus
of statistical analysis in the Western Region, the health-
effects of those metals were central in the discussions.
3. The conclusion of the study, with recommendations,
comprising:
a. Transparency in mining practices;
b. Institution of Water-Watch-Groups as representatives
of stakeholders;
c. Replacement of the assigned inspectors;
d. Elimination of Arsenic in waste-water at source;
e. Reduction of all other toxic Heavy Metals in mining-
waste-waters;
f. Urgent update to recent scientific standards;
g. Bring polluters & perpetrators to justice through Fast-
track procedures;
h. The President may take the initiatives mentioned in
the Ghana Constitution, Part II Emergency Powers
Art. 31;
i. Assign Pollution research to an independent
Research-institute, preferably an institute from a non-
ex-colonial country;
j. Introduce, as soon as possible, law-enforced non-
toxic gold-extraction methods;
4. In the Way Forward are mentioned:
a. Mercury suppliers in Ghana and an example of
Mining-Industry with a dubious mission;
b. 3 Examples of Toxic-free chemical Gold-Extraction
Methods;
c. 2 Examples of Chemical-free Gold-Extraction
Methods;
d. concluding: recommended methods for Small- and
Large-gold-mining Industries;
IWRM in Practice - Operationalising IWRM at Basin Level: Niger River Basin Ca...Iwl Pcu
Presentation by Ousmane Diallo, Water Resources & Environment Specialist, GEF Project & Shared Vision Coordinator (NBA) at the International Conference on IWRM in Tokyo - December 2004
Seawater Intrusion Vulnerability Assessment of a Coastal Aquifer: North Coast...IJERA Editor
Groundwater pollution in the north coast of Mombasa is not only from surface sources but also from the
intrusion of seawater via the Indian Ocean and creeks. This study assessed the vulnerability of the coastal aquifer
to seawater intrusion using GALDIT index overlay method with the aid of GIS. Thematic maps of six major
factors affecting seawater intrusion were prepared, and given appropriate weightages and ratings. These maps
were overlaid, spatially analyzed to produce vulnerability maps and described based on low, moderate or high
vulnerabilities. The results revealed a significant increase in percentage land cover for low vulnerability areas
and a slight increase for high vulnerability regions between the pre-rains and the peak of raining season. The
outcomes of this study provide useful insights on effective groundwater management for the study area.
Pathways for Coastal Adaptation in Metro Vancouver, Alexandra Heather RUTLEDGEGlobal Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
Ancient Egypt, the land of the pharaohs, famous for its huge pyramids, mummies and its golden treasures. It is very well known for its mysteries. Egypt stood as one of the most advanced civilizations of the world for nearly 3,000 years.
But how much do you really know about ancient Egypt?
Here are some of the lesser known facts about the Gift of Nile that will take your breath away.
Read more: http://www.ancient-civilizations.com/23-amazing-facts-ancient-egypt/
My presentation with Neha for IIMK backwaters 2012 competition where we have to use SMAC – ‘Social Media Enterprise, Mobile Computing, Analytics and Cloud’ to promote CSK and build revenue model around it. Small because of 12 slide constrain.
CBA 7 Mainstreaming DRR into Local Development Planning.
Ronilda Co, DRR and Community Resilience Specialist
World Vision Asia Pacific Region
CBA7, Dhaka Bangladesh
21-25 April 2013
Denver, Colorado's Flood Control District Reflection on the Floods of 2013 - ...rshimoda2014
In 1965, the Denver Metro Area was devastated by a flood on the South Platte River that split the city in two. All but one bridge over the river had been destroyed with the roaring, debris filled waters. Soon after that historical event, the Urban Drainage and Flood Control District (District) was formed by an act passed by the Colorado State Legislatures. The purpose of the District was to be a regional agency to govern urban stormwater and provide flood control measures to better manage risks associated with flooding.
The District has always maintained a two-pronged approach for flood control: preventive measures through regional floodplain management and remedial measures through capital improvements and maintenance of drainage and flood control projects. Floodplain management has been based on developing and providing consistent design criteria, master planning of drainageways and incentivizing local governments who regulate the floodplains by following criteria and master plans. The basic principles of master planning include partnering with local agencies, using future developed hydrology and selecting a preferred alternative that is adopted by all project sponsors. The Maintenance Eligibility Program (MEP) assists local governments in providing guidance and reviews of private development with the commitment of long term maintenance.
The District’s Design, Construction and Maintenance Program partners with local agencies to implement master planned improvements as well as maintaining MEP projects. The philosophy of designing and constructing projects has progressed since the inception of the District as industry understanding of a river system has become more sophisticated. But the underlying philosophy of having multifunctional flood control facilities has always been part of the equation.
In 2013, a tangible test of this two prong approach was experienced. How did it hold up? What lessons were learned this time and what advancements will come out of this historical event?
TravelGuru is India’s leading travel website, offering you the best deals on hotels and holiday packages with best offers on all type of hotels in India and also Introduction to chennai. Travelguru makes planning and buying a holiday or a business trip easy and convenient.
Urban Flood Risk from Flood Plains to Floor DrainsRobert Muir
Correlation of basement flooding with overland drainage & topographic risk factors during severe storms (Toronto, Ontario, May 12, 2000, August 19, 2005, July 8, 2013 severe storms).
Outline:
Severe Basement Flooding Events – Toronto, ON
Risk Factor Mapping
Overland Drainage (on table land, beyond regulated valley / river flood vulnerable area)
Catchment Relief (topographic slope factors)
Correlation of Observed Flooding, Flood Density and Risks
Joint Back-up and Overland Peril Considerations
De-risk Opportunities
Next Steps for Further Study
City profile of chennai- history,demograpgy,census and transportation and issues in chennai
Note: animation content download and see slide only in slide show for more brief
Directions in Urban Drainage Past Present and Future - UDG Autumn Conference ...Stephen Flood
DIRECTIONS IN URBAN DRAINAGE: PAST, PRESENT & FUTURE
MIKE by DHI Software for truly integrated modelling
UDG Autumn Conference and Exhibition 2014
11 Nov 14 - 13 Nov 14
Hilton Hotel, Blackpool, UK
Chennai the fourth largest metropolis in India. Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA) extends over 1189 sq.km.and comprises of
Chennai Corporation,
16 Municipalities,
20 Town Panchayats and
214 villages covered in 10 Panchayats Unions
It encompasses the Chennai District (176 sq.km.), part of Thiruvallur District (637 sq.km.) and a part of Kancheepuram District (376 sq.km.).
ICT Mediated Community Water Management & Decision MakingRajat Kumar
Community based water resource management is a valuable tool that strives to sustain and improve environmental health through a natural resource management approach that integrates locally driven initiatives. It seeks to bring together stakeholders to identify issues, needs & strategies; integrate social, economic & ecological concerns towards generating comprehensive solutions. The increasing penetration of Information & Communication Technologies (ICTs) presents a great potential for communities to connect with government officials, policy makers and other relevant stakeholders that would have; under normal circumstances; been inaccessible for them. What is important is that this ease of sharing information through ICTs should also decrease the time taken for members in a community to acquire equal knowledge about the issue at hand and to encourage faster collaboration & quicker and more informed decision making about these community water resources.
This paper seeks to examine this claim by examining literature and feedback from the “Neerjaal” portal, developed by the Digital Empowerment Foundation in association with Social Work Resource Centre and the Barefoot College, in Rajasthan.
Ecosystem services for watershed management, Water Planning,Riccardo Rigon
Blal Sdem Esmail Ph.D. defense. Blal talk covers his work on water management seen from the point of view of ecosystem services. He briefly presents two case studies in Germany and Asmara.
this ppt is made by shrikrishna kesharwani , final year student of manit Bhopal, in this ppt I have given information about the sustainable metropolitan development scheme in detail.
SWaRMA_IRBM_Module1_#1, Principles of IWRM and IRBM: Challenges for the Himal...ICIMOD
This presentation is the part of 12-day (28 January–8 February 2019) training workshop on “Multi-scale Integrated River Basin Management (IRBM) from the Hindu Kush Himalayan Perspective” organized by the Strengthening Water Resources Management in Afghanistan (SWaRMA) Initiative of the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), and targeted at participants from Afghanistan.
Bill Cesanek, co-chair of the APA Water and Planning Network, discusses the value of land use planning in achieving improved water efficiency for the 2020 Central Texas Water Conservation Symposium hosted by the Texas Living Waters Project.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Delivering Micro-Credentials in Technical and Vocational Education and TrainingAG2 Design
Explore how micro-credentials are transforming Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) with this comprehensive slide deck. Discover what micro-credentials are, their importance in TVET, the advantages they offer, and the insights from industry experts. Additionally, learn about the top software applications available for creating and managing micro-credentials. This presentation also includes valuable resources and a discussion on the future of these specialised certifications.
For more detailed information on delivering micro-credentials in TVET, visit this https://tvettrainer.com/delivering-micro-credentials-in-tvet/
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Urban Flood Risk Reduction by Resiliency Planning
1. “URBAN FLOOD RISK REDUCTION
BY RESILIENCY PLANNING”
Presented By, Remya Panicker
Under the guidance of Asst. Prof. Sameer Deshkar
M.Tech 4TH SEM- Urban Planning V.N.I.T,Nagpur
2. CONTENTS
• CASE STUDY- Chennai, India.
• Best practice- CBED programme. Chennai
• INTODUCTION TO STUDY AREA----
•Cochin, Kerala.
3. “Applying a Climate Disaster Resilience Index (CDRI) to
enhance planning decisions in Chennai, India
By: Ramasamy Krishnamurthy (UoM),
Jonas Joerin (Kyoto University), Rajib Shaw (Kyoto University), Yukiko Takeuchi (Kyoto
University)
CASE STUDY:
4. Urban Disaster Risk in Chennai
Study location
The capital of Tamil Nadu ,Chennai is
the fourth largest Metropolitan city in
India .
Tier I city-
Largest city in south(urban population)
It is divided into 4 parts –
North, central, South & West.
The city is known for its Hindu temples.
It is a major trade center, being well
linked by road, rail and air to important
cities besides being a sea port.
5. Causes of Chennai floods-
from literature study :
CHENNAI
FLOOD
FACTORS
Direct factors
Indirect Factors
Increase in
rainfall Topography
Urbanisation
Inadequate
& poor
drainage
systems Disposal of
solid waste
& other
debris
Vehicle
parking
on roads
Due to global
climate change
& urban heat
island effect
•Construction of
transportation networks all
along major water courses
•Increase in concrete spaces-
decrease in open spaces.
Plain terrain
lacking natural
gradient for
free run-off
•Insufficient sewerage capacity
•Heavy siltation along drainage
channels
•Lack of coordination between the
agencies
•People’s
attitude
•Lack of mgt.
measures by
authority
•Increase in
concrete
spaces(3-4%)
•Discrepancies
between
public and
local authority
6. Chennai City (176km2)
Urbanisation :
Current population (2011):
4.68 million,
• Population growth:
1971‐2001:---1.72%/year
2001‐2011:--0.75%/year
Migrant population –accounted to
22% of Chennai’s population
in 2001.
• Population density (avg):
26,597 (p/km2)
•Chennai Metropolitan Area
expected at 9.9 million inhabitants
by 2025.
0
10
20
30
40
50
Chennai
City
Municipalit
y
Town
Panchayat
Growth of population in CMA- 1971-2001
0
2
4
6
8
Other parts
of T.N
Other parts
in India
Other
Countries
Migration to Chennai City 1961-2001
Demographic Stress :
PopulationInLakhs
Year
7. Urban Disaster
Risks in Chennai:
Shocks
Earthquakes-
moderate damage zone-
(seismic zone 3)
Cyclones- Very
heavy rains causing
floods.
Strong winds.
Storm surge.
Floods-
localized,(major
drains, low lying
areas,water,canals)
36 flood hot
spots(2005 floods)
Cooum river
Adyar river
Chennai is a multi
hazard prone area;
Adyar river
Coastal Reach 0.0 – 6.4 km
Central City Reach 6.4 – 9.3 km
Outer City Reach 9.3 – 20.0 km
Coastal Reach 0.0 – 4.2 km
Central City Reach 4.2 – 12.2 km
Outer City Reach 12.2 – 24.7 km
8. Urban Disaster Risks in Chennai:
Shocks
– 2005, 2008 and 2010
flash floods were caused
by cyclone causing
great damage.
– Cyclone is active
mostly during the
months of October to
December.
-Cyclones 1959‐2008 in
north part of Tamil
Nadu State:
-28 cyclones in 50 years
9. Nilam, October, 2012
Key characteristics: -100boats went
missing,4 died,6 missing.
Around 150 Uprooted trees and torrential
rains hampered smooth flow of traffic.
Nisha,November, 2008
Key characteristics:86 died, damage to
road, rail networks.
‐Floods triggered through heavy
storms, cyclone.
Jal, December, 2010
Key characteristics:
‐ Floods triggered through, cyclone.
‐ More than 170 casualties in T.N
Thane, December, 2011
Key characteristics: localised flooding.
-No loss to life. Traffic seriously disrupted.
Recent CYCLONE Events- Shocks
Nilam
Thane
Jal
Nisha
Catastrophic floods experienced in
past-2005,1998,1996,1985,1976
10. Chennai
city limits
Metropolitan
limits
54.25
7.09
5.17
18.48
2.09
0.57
0.47
11.89
City-land use Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Institutional
open space/recreation
agriculture
non-urban
others(vacant,forest,hil
ls,water bodies,low
lying..etc)
21.87
0.37
6.28
3.01
0.19
11.92
2.33
54.03
Land use- Rest of CMA
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Institutional
Open
space/recreation
Agriculture
Non urban
Others
Urban Disaster
Risks in Chennai ‐
Stresses
Source: www.cdmachennai.gov.in
Chennai City (172km2)
Metropolitan- (400km2)
11. Urbanisation :
0
100
200
300
400
500
600 1971
1981
1991
2001
1973-Urban area
1983-Urban area
1993-Urban area
2006-Urban area
Density(personsperurbanized)
Hectare
Distance from city center (Km)
City
core
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
1971
1981
1991
2001
%oftotalhousingstock
Distance from city centre-Km
Land use change-1997-2006
12. Expected water supply gap
for 2026- 3OO MLD-CMA
About 650 small and big water bodies in
and around the city has been reduced to
less than 30. Also, the ground water level
came down up to 10m within 5 years.
Urban infrastructure stress:
Water sector..
The sewage system originally designed for
about 6.5 lakhs population at 114 LPCD of
water supply.---modified during 1989-91
even then it has not reached the required
capacity.
Sewerage sector..
Total waste water outfalls in
water ways accounts to 85%.
Inadequacy of storm-water drainage
system (flat terrain) and lack of
maintenance.
Drainage sector..
The city has only 855 km of
storm drains against 2847
km of urban roads.
The highest per capita solid
waste generation in India is in
Chennai (0.6kg/day).
Solid waste mgt..
Even though there is a proper system of
collection, segregation & disposal of
wastes, The Attitude of people is
appalling causing the pile of solid wastes
in the vicinity of the residential areas
itself.
14. Climate Disaster Resilience Index in Chennai :
Methodology
“My city is getting ready”
CDRI tool: 5 x 5 matrix
Stage 1: Capacity building of city govt. officials to complete a
CDRI questionnaire to create a overall resilience mapping
18. Stage 2: Training & action workshop, to design a self-evaluation matrix and
to initiate Climate action planning .
Figure: Sample of CDRI Self assessment matrix to monitor future adaptation activities in city
19. Enhancing the Resilience of Chennai to Climate‐related Disasters
Result
Implementation
of in CAP
Formal
adoption of CAP
Formulation of
actions
Assessment
Climate Action Plan (CAP)
Policy
–CDRI, local
characteristics
and feasibility; focus on
non‐structural measures
(soft adaptation)
–
Draft formulated in
December 2010 in
collaboration with the
Corporation of Chennai
and University of Madras.
– In progress of adoption
by the Corporation of
Chennai
Positive outcome:….Safer Chennai Campaign
-Launched on 19th August 2010 to support Chennai’s
participation at the 2010‐11 “World Disaster
Reduction Campaign: Making Cities Resilient
“from the United Nations
– Provides an opportunity to support and establish
multi‐stakeholder dialogues to decisively
implement actions enhancing the resilience in Chennai.
– The CDRI is an example of a process‐oriented
research approach: from assessment to planning and
implementation.
Stage.3- Initiating
development of the CAP
and implementation
process.
20. Way Forward – Assessing Climate‐related Disaster
Resilience at the Micro‐level
Households located in the vicinity of
rivers and canals have higher damages
from floods!
21. Best practice :
CMA-
Community Based Environment Development Programme
(CBED) 2003
(a) enable the participation of the community at the grassroots level to identify
and prioritize environment-related issues affecting all sections of the
community,
(b) To ensure full stakeholder participation including the elected representatives,
(c) To create a common platform for the community to work together to solve
the local issues which will be unique to the respective areas, in the manner that is
acceptable to all stakeholders,
(d) To help in capacity building at the local level to plan, coordinate and formulate
feasible / bankable project proposals with emphasis on environmental
considerations, multi-sectoral coordination and effective participation of
public and private sectors and
(e) To ensure better maintenance and utilization of the assets created and to develop
spirit of ownership amidst the beneficiaries.
PROGRAMME OBJECTIVES :
22. Programme are,
(a) Improvement to the existing parks / playfield
(b) Improvement to the existing burial / burning grounds
(c) Desilting of lakes / ponds / tanks to augment water supply and improve the
ground water table
(d) Rain water harvesting and tree planting
(e) Construction / renovation of toilets and other environmental improvements in
the government schools
(f) Solid Waste Management
(g) Construction of storm water drains
(h) Construction of common utility buildings and
(i) Any other projects with an objective to improve the local
environment
Environmental projects funded under CBED
Financial assistance :
80% CMDA
10% community
10% local body
23. Temple tanks in Chennai
Source: CPREEC,2008
Number of Temple tanks- 50
Degradation of lake Madhuravayal
Dandishwar temple tank,Velachery
24. A few Tank renovation works under
CBED with CMDA Grant Assistance:
26. Introduction to study area :
•The largest agglomeration in Kerala.
• Nerve center of all commercial and economic activities
in the state of Kerala.
•Tier-II city.
City population-2011-6,01,574.
Metropolitan population-2011-2.1 Million.
•The coastal areas densely populated with a density of
6300 persons per sq.km. in the city compared to the
average density of 819 persons per sq.km. in the
State.
•Has a flat terrain and a large expanse of backwaters and
canals with small and large islands scattered in the
backwaters.
•The economy of the area is dependent on the activities
of the Kochi Port.
•A number of industries are located in this district and
the proximity and development potential of Kochi Port
attracts private and public investments in port
related activities.
CoC area-
94.88Km
GCDA area-537.12Km
28. Identification of issues:
KEY ISSUES OF WATER SUPPLY :
• Gap between demand and supply –397 mld;(w.r.t
2036 demand)
• Intermittent water supply – limited from ½ an
hour a day to 8 hours. Twice a week only in
certain areas;
• Non-availability of local spot sources due to
salinity;
• Distant perennial sources - makes water supply
costly;
• The availability of water in the 2 rivers may not be
sufficient in the long run; and
• Salinity of the environment causes corrosion of
pipes.
• Lack of Coverage –only 5% of the corporation
area is covered serving only 20,000 people;
• Old and dilapidated Sewage Treatment Plants;
• No Revenue – No monthly billing;
• High water table – septic tanks, two pit latrines, etc.
do not function properly;
• High cost of sewerage –flat terrain makes
natural gravitational flow difficult; the soil is
mainly loose sand and clay, making open
cutting difficult. High water table necessitates
sewage-pumping stations at frequent intervals; and
• Within the urban areas, residential and other
activities are so densely located, that the septic
tank system does not work leading to water and soil
pollution.
KEY ISSUES OF Sewerage:
• Poor waste collection system;
• Poor frequency of waste collection;
• Inefficient collection and disposal at temporary transfer locations;
• Obsolete waste handling and transportation system;
• No scientific and modern waste processing at any stage;
• Water logging due to choking of drains with waste;
• Mosquito menace due to stagnation of water in drains;
• Misery of the poor who are the worst affected due to poor waste Management.
KEY ISSUES OF SWM:
Key Issues Of drainage:
• Inadequate drainage –only
60% of the Kochi
Corporation area is
covered by drainage leading
to frequent flooding of roads;
• Inefficient system – The flat
terrain of the region, high
water table and the nearness to
sea make the tidal water
flow inwards;
• Lack of a comprehensive
drainage Master Plan;
• Barriers to drainage –
Railway lines; and
• Lack of proper co-ordination
– In Kerala, provision of
drainage is carried out by the
concerned local bodies, State
Irrigation
Department, National
Highway, Southern Railways
and the State PWD. Lack of
proper co-ordination among
these agencies leaves gaps in
this sector.
Hydrological factors:
•Ground water level
•Presence of high
impervious cover
•High tide impeding
drainage
•Flat topograpgy-
6m(elevation)
Meteorological
factors:
•Excessive rainfall-
(8months in a year.)
•Cyclonic storms
•Localized rainfall
Human factors:
•Surface sealing
•Inefficiency of drainage
infrastructure
•Disposal of solid waste in
drains
•Encroachment on flood
plains.
Causes of floods in Cochin
canal can be smelled from three blocks away
and are breeding grounds for mosquitoes.
Many of the smaller canals have been
constricted by encroachments, and very little
water flow occurs (except during floods).
Low-Lying Islands I: These are already very
close to sea levels and are vulnerable to sea-
level rise.
Low-Lying Islands II: Some of the islands are
settled, protected from high-tide sea level by
low sea-walls (“bunds”).
29. Inferences
:
•Urban areas being the most complex systems…requires greater
attention in all the 5 dimensions in unison to tackle the flood menace.
•Resiliency development is the new way in URR.
•Community Resiliency planning will help develop better
unique, location based flood risk management plans.
•Problems with major flood management strategies is that they
function in piece meal manner and not address the issue in totality.
•The floods are likely to rise…the question lies in how prepared we are
in coping with it and overcoming it with the least possible losses to
the various players in the urban domain.
30. Reference
s :
E sources:
• www.cmdachennai.gov.in
• www.ekm.kerala.gov.in
• www.corporationofcochin.net
•“Chennai Urban Land Market Assessment”-David E. Dowall and Paavo Monkkonen
•“Urban floods in Bangalore and Chennai: risk management challenges and lessons
for sustainable urban ecology”-Anil K. Gupta* and Sreeja S. Nair
•“Mapping of Landuse/Landcover Changes of Chennai Coast and Issues related to
Coastal Environment Using Remote Sensing and GIS”-
Santhiya.G, Lakshumanan.C, Muthukumar.S, International journal of geomatics and
geosciences ,Volume 1, No 3, 2010.
•“Human Development Report”- By Centre for Development Studies
Thiruvananthapuram. (2005)
•“Possible Vulnerabilities of Cochin, India,to Climate Change Impacts and Response
Strategies to Increase Resilience-Cochin University of Science of Technology, U.S.
Agency for International Development. (June 2003)
Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal hit the city. ----Chennai accounts to frequent flash floods due to consistent increase in the amount of rainfall brought to city area by cyclones.
1.Marina beach….2.
Chennai city does not havemuch of green space, except the Guindy National Park with an area of 270.57 hectares,which is under reserve forest category.
North Chennai is primarily an industrial area. Central Chennai is the commercial heart of the city. South & West Chennai, previously mostlyresidential, are now becoming commercial with upcoming firms & call centres. The city is fast expanding in the south & in the west.-----It is estimated that more than half of the wetlands have been converted for other uses. Many of the water bodies, green cover and natural depressions have disappeared due to the human induced successions as it is filled with wastes or developments/encroachments and become flood prone areas
Majority of solid wastes are dumped in a mixed form in low lying areas & in open areas by Chennai Corporation. The area of 19 major lakes has been shrunk from a total of 1,130hectares to nearly 645 hectares and hence reduced storage capacity.
The Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005-2012: Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters was signed in 2005 by members of the United Nations; it calls for local and internationalsociety to join forces to significantly reduce loss of lives and social, economic and environmentalassets when hazards strike….and asian urban cities being less explored in the resiliency domain---this programme turns out to be an important base for knowledge sharing…
Initially, rating scale has been constructed and weight has been assigned subjectively based on how the city officials perceive the vulnerability of each variable by comparing them one by one….. Each dimension (natural, physical, social, economic, institutional) correspond to various variables (Table 1) through which their respective scores are calculated.
Higher values of resilience are equivalent to higher preparedness to cope with climate and disasters and inversely. Policy points and recommendations are based on the results, and provide encouragement of city governments. engagements in specific cist services, institution and capacity building.
The city governments were asked to set their CDRI targets through self assessment matrix, and this could be measurable over a period of 1 year (short‐term), 2‐3 years (medium‐term), and 5‐10 years (long‐term).
To boost the DRR activities at local level ..the individual wards volunteers are encouraged to come forward with improved disaster preparedness and mitigation measures…..the disaster responses in city are useful assets for city’s relief operations.
HFA------Making disater risk reduction a priorityImproving risk information and early warning.Building a culture of safety and resilienceReducing the risks in key sectorsStrengthening preparedness for response.
In order to help the financially not-so sound local bodies to carry out at least essential infrastructure improvements, CMDA has worked out the schemescalled as Local Bodies Assistance Programme (LAP) which is being implemented since 1983, andCommunity Based Environment Development (CBED) Programme which is being implementedsince 2003.
reveals spread oftemple tanks in the entire Chennai most of which are degraded now and inefficient in controlling floods orstoring water.