Respiratory System Paths.pptx
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This document summarizes several respiratory system diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic restrictive pulmonary disease. It describes the four entities that comprise COPD - bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and bronchiectasis. For each condition, it outlines characteristics, pathologic findings, and types. It also discusses several occupational lung diseases that fall under chronic restrictive pulmonary disease, including coal workers' pneumoconiosis, silicosis, and asbestosis.
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Recommended
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3. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease involving recurrent airway obstruction, inflammation, and hyperresponsiveness triggered by various stimuli. Bronchiectasis permanently dilates the bronchi and bronchioles due to destruction of muscles and tissues often caused by infection or obstruction.
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2. Pulmonary tuberculosis, an infectious lung disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is usually spread through the air. Lung abscess, defined as necrosis of lung tissue and cavity formation caused by microbial infection, is also covered.
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1) Respiratory diseases are mainly caused by inhalation of infectious agents, allergens, irritants, and carcinogens. The lungs are open to the environment and lack regenerative abilities.
2) Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) include chronic bronchitis, emphysema, bronchiectasis, and asthma. Tobacco smoke is a major cause and leads to airway obstruction.
3) Pneumonia can result from impaired pulmonary defenses and host resistance. Bacterial and viral pathogens are common causes and treatment involves antibiotics and supportive care.
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) refers to a group of lung diseases including chronic bronchitis and emphysema that are characterized by persistent airflow limitation. The main causes of COPD are tobacco smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke, and air pollution. Symptoms include cough, sputum production, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis involves assessing symptoms, lung function tests, and chest imaging. Treatment focuses on smoking cessation, medications to relieve symptoms and prevent exacerbations, pulmonary rehabilitation, and managing complications.
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COPD is a chronic lung disease characterized by airflow limitation and breathing-related problems. It encompasses chronic bronchitis and emphysema. The main risk factor is cigarette smoking, which causes an inflammatory response and destruction of lung tissue over time. Symptoms include cough, sputum production, shortness of breath, and wheezing. Diagnosis involves pulmonary function tests and chest imaging. Treatment focuses on smoking cessation, bronchodilators, corticosteroids, oxygen therapy, breathing exercises, and managing exacerbations.
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1) Respiratory diseases are mainly caused by inhalation of infectious agents, allergens, irritants, and carcinogens. The lungs are open to the environment and lack regenerative abilities.
2) Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) include chronic bronchitis, emphysema, bronchiectasis, and asthma. Tobacco smoke is a major cause and leads to airway obstruction.
3) Pneumonia can result from impaired pulmonary defenses and host resistance. Bacterial and viral pathogens are common causes and treatment involves antibiotics and supportive care.
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) refers to a group of lung diseases including chronic bronchitis and emphysema that are characterized by persistent airflow limitation. The main causes of COPD are tobacco smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke, and air pollution. Symptoms include cough, sputum production, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis involves assessing symptoms, lung function tests, and chest imaging. Treatment focuses on smoking cessation, medications to relieve symptoms and prevent exacerbations, pulmonary rehabilitation, and managing complications.
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Bronchiectasis is an abnormal, permanent dilation of the bronchi caused by chronic infection and inflammation. It can be focal or diffuse. Common causes include cystic fibrosis, immune defects, and recurrent infections. Symptoms include chronic cough and sputum production. Diagnosis involves chest imaging and sputum culture. Treatment goals are managing infection, improving mucus clearance, reducing inflammation, and treating underlying causes with antibiotics, airway clearance techniques, and surgery in some cases.
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Diseases of the respiratory system
Major lung diseases are often caused by inhalation of irritants, infectious agents, or carcinogens. The lungs can be affected by diseases in other parts of the respiratory tract or body. Common lung diseases include infections like pneumonia, occupational diseases like black lung, and chronic conditions like COPD, lung cancer, and asthma. Loss of lung tissue cannot be recovered, so prevention and treatment of lung disease is important.
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The document summarizes major respiratory diseases and conditions. It discusses:
1) Upper respiratory infections like allergic rhinitis and colds, as well as larynx cancer.
2) Lung conditions like atelectasis, asthma, COPD (which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis), and restrictive lung disease.
3) Other conditions like interstitial lung disease, pulmonary edema, embolism, hypertension, ARDS, pneumonia, and lung abscesses.
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This document discusses chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including emphysema and chronic bronchitis. It states that COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in the US and is often caused by cigarette smoking. Emphysema involves the destruction of alveolar walls leading to enlarged airspaces, and is classified according to its anatomical distribution. Chronic bronchitis clinically involves persistent cough and sputum production for at least three months per year. Both involve chronic inflammation in response to inhaled irritants like cigarette smoke.
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Bronchiectasis has various etiologies including primary infections, immunodeficiencies, autoimmune diseases, and developmental defects. It results from damage to the airways from infections or obstruction leading to irreversible dilatation. Common causes are cystic fibrosis, primary ciliary dyskinesia, infections from pathogens like pertussis and tuberculosis, and immunodeficiencies. The document describes various syndromes associated with ciliary dysfunction like Kartagener and Young's syndrome. Different classifications of bronchiectasis include follicular, saccular, and atelectatic types based on pathology findings.
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Chronic Obstructive pulmonary Disease
COPD is a chronic lung disease characterized by airflow limitation and breathing-related problems. It encompasses chronic bronchitis and emphysema. The main risk factor is cigarette smoking, which causes an inflammatory response and destruction of lung tissue over time. Symptoms include cough, sputum production, shortness of breath, and wheezing. Diagnosis involves pulmonary function tests and chest imaging. Treatment focuses on smoking cessation, bronchodilators, corticosteroids, oxygen therapy, breathing exercises, and managing exacerbations.
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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors act on the kidney by inhibiting the carbonic anhydrase enzyme in the proximal convoluted tubules, preventing the reabsorption of bicarbonate ions. This leads to increased bicarbonate excretion, sodium excretion, water loss, and metabolic acidosis. They are used to treat glaucoma by decreasing aqueous humor production and lowering intraocular pressure, as well as acute mountain sickness by decreasing cerebral spinal fluid production and lowering intracranial pressure. Common side effects include acidosis, hypokalemia, and drowsiness.
Cardiovascular Physiology.pptx
The document summarizes the structure and function of the heart and cardiovascular system. It describes the heart as a four-chambered muscular pump divided into atria and ventricles. Valves control blood flow through the heart. The cardiac cycle involves coordinated contractions and relaxations of the atria and ventricles. The sinoatrial node initiates electrical signals that cause contractions, traveling through pathways to coordinate the cycles. Contractions pump blood through the heart and circulation in two phases - systole where the heart contracts and diastole where it relaxes.
Drugs That Act on the Kidney.pptx
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors act on the kidney by inhibiting the carbonic anhydrase enzyme in the proximal convoluted tubules, preventing the reabsorption of bicarbonate ions. This leads to increased bicarbonate excretion, sodium excretion, water loss, and metabolic acidosis. They are used to treat glaucoma by decreasing aqueous humor production and lowering intraocular pressure, as well as acute mountain sickness and edema. Common side effects include acidosis, hypokalemia, and drowsiness.
More from AnumSajid12 (18)
Recently uploaded
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
Micronuclei test.M.sc.zoology.fisheries.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...
The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
BREEDING METHODS FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE.pptx
Plant breeding for disease resistance is a strategy to reduce crop losses caused by disease. Plants have an innate immune system that allows them to recognize pathogens and provide resistance. However, breeding for long-lasting resistance often involves combining multiple resistance genes
Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE .
Austrian-Slovenian HPC Meeting 2024 – ASHPC24, Seeblickhotel Grundlsee in Austria, 10–13 June 2024
https://ashpc.eu/
如何办理(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证本科学位证书原版一模一样
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Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvement
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
3D Hybrid PIC simulation of the plasma expansion (ISSS-14)
3D Particle-In-Cell (PIC) algorithm,
Plasma expansion in the dipole magnetic field.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Cytokines and their role in immune regulation.pptx
This presentation covers the content and information on "Cytokines " and their role in immune regulation .
Bob Reedy - Nitrate in Texas Groundwater.pdf
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business Meeting
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
ANAMOLOUS SECONDARY GROWTH IN DICOT ROOTS.pptx
Abnormal or anomalous secondary growth in plants. It defines secondary growth as an increase in plant girth due to vascular cambium or cork cambium. Anomalous secondary growth does not follow the normal pattern of a single vascular cambium producing xylem internally and phloem externally.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
Bordettela is a gram negative cocobacilli spread by air born drop let
Recently uploaded (20)
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...
3D Hybrid PIC simulation of the plasma expansion (ISSS-14)
3D Hybrid PIC simulation of the plasma expansion (ISSS-14)
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.
Cytokines and their role in immune regulation.pptx
Cytokines and their role in immune regulation.pptx
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
Respiratory System Paths.pptx
- 1. Respiratory System Paths Memoona Arshad Batch 10
- 2. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE • COPD is a group of disorders characterized by airflow obstruction
- 3. • The following 4 entities are included in COPD: • Bronchial asthma • Chronic bronchitis • Emphysema • Bronchiectasis
- 4. Bronchial asthma • Asthma is a disease of airways that is characterized by increased responsiveness of the tracheobronchial tree to a variety of stimuli resulting in widespread spasmodic narrowing of the air passages which may be relieved spontaneously or by therapy.
- 5. TYPES • Extrinsic (immune) asthma is mediated by a type I hypersensitivity response • Disease begins in childhood • Intrinsic (nonimmune) asthma includes asthma associated with chronic bronchitis or exercise- or cold-induced asthma. • It usually begins in adult life
- 6. Characteristics • Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction • Involving Reversible Inflammation of Alveolar sac • Marked episodic dyspnea and wheezing expiration • Status asthmaticus severe and unremitting form of the disease that may prove fatal.
- 7. Pathologic Findings • Bronchial smooth muscle hypertrophy • Hyperplasia of bronchial submucosal glands and goblet cells • Airways plugged by viscid mucus containing Curschmann spirals, eosinophils, and Charcot-Leyden crystals
- 8. Chronic bronchitis • The clinical definition is a productive cough that occurs during at least three consecutive months over at least two consecutive years. • Is clearly linked to cigarette smoking. • It may lead to cor pulmonale • Involving Irreversible Inflammation of Alveolar sac
- 9. Pathologic Findings • Hyperplasia of bronchial submucosal glands, leading to increased Reid index, ratio of the thickness of the gland layer to that of the bronchial wall
- 10. Emphysema • Emphysema is dilation of air spaces • The disease is strongly associated with cigarette smoking • Clinical characteristics: o Increased anteroposterior diameter of the chest; o Increased total vital capacity; oHypoxia, cyanosis, and respiratory acidosis
- 11. Types • Centrilobular emphysema: Dilation of the respiratory bronchioles is most often localized to the upper part of the pulmonary lobes. • It is strongly associated with cigarette • Panacinar emphysema: Dilation of the entire acinus • It is associated with genetically determined deficiency of α1 -antitrypsin (α1 - protease inhibitor).
- 13. Pathologic Findings • Abnormal dilation of air spaces with destruction of alveolar walls. Reduced lung elasticity
- 14. Bronchiectasis • This condition is permanent abnormal bronchial dilation caused by chronic infection.
- 15. Predisposing factors • Include bronchial obstruction, most often by tumor. • Chronic sinusitis • Rarely may be a manifestation of Kartagener syndrome (sinusitis, bronchiectasis, and situs inversus, sometimes with hearing loss and male sterility)
- 16. Characteristics • Production of copious purulent sputum • Hemoptysis • Recurrent pulmonary infection that may lead to lung abscess.
- 17. CHRONIC RESTRICTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE • Restrictive pulmonary disease is a group of disorders characterized by reduced expansion of the lung and reduction in total lung capacity. • Abnormalities of the chest wall from bony abnormalities or neuromuscular disease that restrict lung expansion.
- 18. • Interstitial lung diseases • Adult and neonatal respiratory distress syndromes • Pneumoconiosis • Diseases of unknown etiology, such as sarcoidosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- 19. Bony Abnormalities of Chest Wall
- 20. Pneumoconiosis • These environmental diseases are caused by inhalation of inorganic dust particles. • These diseases are, therefore, also called ‘dust diseases’ or ‘occupational lung diseases’.
- 21. Types • Main Types are: Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis Silicosis Asbestosis
- 22. Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis • Caused by inhalation of coal dust. • Simple coal workers’ pneumoconiosis is marked by coal macules around the bronchioles, formed by ingestion of coal dust particles by macrophages. • In most cases, it is inconsequential and produces no disability.
- 23. • Progressive massive fibrosis is marked by fibrotic nodules filled with necrotic black fluid. • It can result in bronchiectasis, pulmonary hypertension, or death from respiratory failure or right- sided heart failure.
- 24. Silicosis • Caused by exposure to free silica dust. • Occupation Associated: Miners Glass manufacturers Stone cutters
- 25. Pathophysiology • This disease is initiated by ingestion of silica dust by alveolar macrophages. • Silicotic nodules that enlarge and eventually obstruct the airways. • Silicosis is associated with increased susceptibility to tuberculosis; the frequent concurrence is referred to as silicotuberculosis.
- 26. Asbestosis • Inhalation of asbestos fibers. • Occupation Associated: Shipyard Workers Roofing • It can lead to lung cancer
- 27. Pathophysiology • This disease is initiated by uptake of asbestos fibers by alveolar macrophages. • A fibroblastic response occurs & leads to diffuse interstitial fibrosis, mainly in the lower lobe. • Characteristic features: Ferruginous bodies (yellow-brown, rod-shaped bodies with clubbed ends) Dense hyalinized fibrocalcific plaques of the parietal pleura are also present.
- 30. The End