The document discusses the respiratory system and common respiratory diseases. It defines key terms related to breathing and lung function. Some common lung diseases mentioned include cystic fibrosis, asthma, emphysema, pneumonia, and tuberculosis. It also describes how doctors use a spirometer to test lung function and diagnose conditions like asthma and cystic fibrosis.

2. - definition of the respiratory system
- Respiratory terms 
- Most and commonly diseases 
- Exercise 


4. The main role of the Respiratory System is the 
inhalation of fresh oxygen (O2) needed by the
body's cells and the exhalation of waste carbon
dioxide (CO2). It also helps maintain body
temperature and eliminate excess water from
the body. The Respiratory system is dependent
on the proper functioning of the circulatory
system as the O2 and waste CO2 are carried in
the blood stream.

5. -Oxia
-Capnia
level of carbon
level of oxygen
dioxide
hypercapnia hypoxia
increased carbon dioxide in decreased amount of oxygen
the tissues in the tissues

6. -Pnea -Phonia
breathing voice
orthopnea dysphonia
breathing difficulty that is relieved
by assuming an upright ( ortho-) difficulty in speaking
position

7. -Nas/o -Rhin/o
nose nose
paranasal
rhinorrhea
- near the
nose discharge from the nose

8. Paranasal sinuses are a group of four 
paired air-filled spaces

9. Pharyng/o Laryng/o
pharynx larynx
pharyngospasm laryngeal
spasm ( sudden
contraction ) of the pertaining to the larynx
pharynx

11. Bronch/o .
Bronchiol
bronch/I
bronchiole bronchus
bronchiolectasis bronchogenic
dilatation of the bronchioles originating in bronchus

12. NORMAL VS ASTHMATIC BRONCHIOLE

13. Phren/o Trache/o
diaphragm trachea
phrenic tracheotome
instrument
pertaining to used to
the diaphragm incise the
trachea

15. Phrenic/o Pleur/o
phrenic nerve pleura
phrenicotripsy pleurodesis
crushing of the phrenic
fusion of the pleura
nerve

16. Plum/o , Pneumon/o
pulmon/o
lungs lung
extrapulmonar
pneumonectomy
y
surgical removal of a
out side the lung or lung tissue (
pneumectomy and
lungs pulmonectomy also
used

21. Pneum/o pneumat/o Spir/o
air – gas – also
respiration - lung breathing
pneumothorax spirometer
presence of air in the instrument for measuring
thorax ( pleural space ) breathing volumes

22. :
How do doctors diagnose lungs ailments such 
as Cystic Fibrosis and Asthma with a
spirometer?

23. ::
:: 

24. - cystic fibrosis 
- Sudden infant death syndrome 
- Emphysema 
- Asthma 
- Tuberculosis 
- Pneumonia 

25. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common fatal 
hereditary disease among white children.
that affects the lungs and digestive system
- persistent coughing, at times with phlegm; 
- very salty-tasting skin; 
- wheezing or shortness of breath; 
- frequent lung infections 

26. A fatal syndrome that affects sleeping infants 
under a year old, characterized by a sudden
cessation of breathing and thought to be
caused by a defect in the central nervous
system. Also called crib death
The exact cause is unknown, but sudden 
infant death syndrome may be associated
with abnormalities in the portion of an infant's
brain that controls breathing and arousal
from sleep.

27. ( SIDS)
- place your baby on his or her back to sleep, 
on a firm crib mattress covered by a fitted
sheet. Nothing else should go in the crib with
your baby — no blanket, pillow, bumper pads
or toys

28. chronic disease characterized by 
overexpansion and destruction of the alveoli;
commonly
associated with cigarette smoking
and it’s making breathing very difficult 

29. is a common chronic inflammatory disease of 
the airways characterized by variable and
recurring symptoms, reversible airflow
obstruction, and bronchospasm.[2] Common
symptoms include wheezing, coughing, chest
tightness, and shortness of breath.[3]

32. bacterial infection in the lungs that is spread by 
airborne droplets with coughing, sneezing,
speaking & singing

33. •a persistent cough of more than three weeks 
that brings up phlegm, which may be bloody
•breathlessness, which is usually mild to 
begin with and gradually gets worse
•lack of appetite and weight loss 
•a high temperature of 38C (100.4F) or 
above
•night sweats 
•extreme tiredness or fatigue 

34. Pneumonia is a lung infection that can make 
you very sick. You may cough, run a fever,
and have a hard time breathing. For most
people, pneumonia can be treated at home.
It often clears up in 2 to 3 weeks. But older
adults, babies, and people with other
diseases can become very ill. They may
need to be in the hospital

35. Germs called bacteria or viruses usually cause 
pneumonia.
Pneumonia usually starts when you breathe the 
germs into your lungs. You may be more likely
to get the disease after having a cold or the flu.
These illnesses make it hard for your lungs to
fight infection, so it is easier to get pneumonia.
Having a long-term, or chronic, disease like
asthma, heart disease, cancer, or diabetes also
makes you more likely to get pneumonia

36. - test that measures breathing capactiy of the lungs 
(spirometry) 
- condition characterized by attacks of difficult 
breathing and wheezing caused by spasms of the
bronchial tubes
( asthma ) 
- a membrane that covers the lungs 
(pleura ) 
- chronic disease characterized by overexpansion 
and destruction of the alveoli
(emphysema) 
- when a person has difficulty breathing in any 
position except in a sitting or standing position

37. root Meaning
nas/o Nose
Spir/o - pnea breathing
Pneum/o Air – gas - .. etc
oxia Level of oxygen
-phonia voice
Pneumon/o lung

38. By 

Eman
alfif