The document summarizes key aspects and events of the Renaissance period in Europe, including: - The Renaissance began as a revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture and emphasized human achievements over religious doctrine. - Important developments included the fall of Constantinople spreading learning, the printing press allowing widespread knowledge sharing, and advances in science, medicine, and technology. - The Protestant Reformation challenged the authority of the Catholic Church and led to new religious movements like Lutheranism. - Renaissance art, literature, architecture, and other cultural works embraced realism and humanity rather than religious themes. Major artists, writers, and thinkers advanced new styles and ideas.

2. International Islamic University , Islamabad

3. Renaissance (Rebirth of Knowledge)
Development Inventions
In
different fields
Roman
Monarchy
Cat holism
Enlightment
Of
Age of Drama Human mind Fall of Constantinople
(Greek & Roman)
Humanistic
Reformation
cultural
reformation
Lust for Revival of
Libidos chivalry

5. -
 Renaissance means rebirth and Europe
was recovering from the Dark ages
 People had lost the in faith in the church
and began to put more focus on human
beings.


6.  The Renaissance began as revival of
interest in the literature and culture of
ancient Greece and Rome. Its emphasis
was on the richness of earthly life and on
human achievements. One result of the
Renaissance spirit was a brilliant period of
creativity in the arts.

7.  -Originally referred to a new interest in the
learning of ancient Greece and
Rome, which began in 1300’s.
 Fall of Constantinople caused revival of
learning through out Europe.

8.  Late in the Middle Ages, European rulers
gained new authority, while the absolute
authority of the Church began to be
questioned. At the same time, a long period
of wars, epidemics, and economic upheaval
in Europe came to an end. A new spirit of
optimism, confidence, and creativity
emerged. In the fourteenth century, these
developments led to the start of a
remarkable period that is known as the
Renaissance.

10.  1455
 Moveable type printing
 Developed in Germany
 Associated with Gutenberg
 1456 the first Gutenberg Bible was
printed
 Printing press allowed for the spread of
knowledge and ideas throughout Europe

12.  The idea of quantification developed
 The universe came to be conceived in more
quantifiable terms (measurable terms)
 Allowed for more precise measurements
 Changed the focus of daily life which had
been guided by the rhythms of the Church

14.  COLUMBUS discovered America in
Renaissance….

15.  Attempted to prove that the sun rather than
the earth is at the centre of planetary
system…………….

16.  Advances in the fields of chemistry
and medicine
 Antoine van Leeuwenhoek
Microscopes
 Isaac Newton
Invented calculus

17. Social Condition
CORRUPTION
IN GREAT CHAIN
CHURCH OF
BEING
CHURUCHES
BLIND SUBMITTION WERE
TO POPE’S DOMINENT
COMMAND

18. POPE
KING AND
QUEENS
KNIGHT
PEASANTS

19.  The end of the medieval period in Europe
was marked by changes in attitudes
towards politics, religion, and learning.
 These changes became more widespread
and sweeping during the fourteenth and
fifteenth centuries, bringing about the
cultural movement called Renaissance and
the religious movement known as the
Reformation.

20.  PROTESTANT REFORMATION
(Martin Luther)
 MONARCHY
 KING HENRY VIII
 FEUDALISM

21.  Associated with the
Protestant
Reformation
 Critical of Church
corruption and
abuses
 Sought reform
 Wrote the first
translation of the
Bible in German
 The Ninety-Five
Theses listed the
crimes of the Catholic
Church & demanded
change or reform.

24.  The series of events that led to the split of
the
Church & the creation of this new group
became known As the Protestant
Reformation
The church is not a social ladder

where some people are more important than
others.

25.  All the jobs in the church are equally
important. The jobs were called Vocations.
 The Lutherans called their leaders
ministers instead of priests.

26.  Man was centre of attention…….

28.  Renaissance Artists embraced some of the
ideals of Greece and Rome in their art
 They wanted their subjects to be realistic
and focused on humanity and emotion
 New Techniques also emerged

29. Frescos: Painting done on wet plaster
became popular because it gave depth to
the paintings
 Sculpture emphasized realism and the
human form
 Architecture reached new heights of
design

30.  Literature is the expression of human
life ,emotions and feelings through
the medium of language.
 It is defined as the imaginative
reconstruction of Human life.

31. DRAMA
GENRE OF LITERATURE

32.  It is a literary composition involving
conflict, actions, crisis and atmosphere
designed to be acted by players on a stage
before an audience.
 Important plays:
 Ralph Roister Doister by Nicholas
Udall(comedy).
 Grummer Gurton’s needle by John Still
(comedy).

33.  Gorbuduc by Thomas Sackville (tragedy).
 Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, As you like
it, Macbeth are the famous plays by William
Shakespeare.
 The Silent Woman, The Alchemist are the
comedies by Ben Johnson.
 Dr. Faustus by Christopher Marlowe
(Tragedy).

34.  It is a composition that evokes emotion and
imagination by the use of vivid, intense
language, usually arranged in a pattern of
words or lines with a regularly repeated
accent or stress.
 Edmund Spenser wrote Faerie Queene,
Shepherd’s Calendar, Amoretti,
Epithalamion.

35.  Diver’s Doth Use and To rail or jest by
Thomas Wyatt.
 My Lute Awake and They Flee from me by
Sir Walter Raleigh.
 The Divine Comedy by Dante Alighori.

36.  The word is derived from the Latin prosa or
proversa oratio, ‘straight forward
discourse’. Thus a direct unadorned form
of language, written or spoken in ordinary
usage.
 Praise of Folly by Erasmus.
 Utopia by Sir Thomas More.

37.  Elizabethan age
 Age of Shakespeare
 Age of Drama
 Age of Enlightment

38.  Renaissance means the revival of learning
and it denotes in its broadest sense the
gradual enlightment of the human mind
after the darkness of the Middle Ages.
 Religion was dominant in this era so most
of the literary work was mainly depicting
religious themes.