A refrigerator uses a heat pump to transfer heat from inside the refrigerator to the external environment, cooling the inside below ambient temperature. Refrigeration allows for essential food storage by lowering bacteria reproduction rates and spoilage. Refrigerators maintain temperatures just above freezing to store perishable foods between 3-5°C. They replaced iceboxes in homes in the early 1900s and use vapor compression cycles to circulate refrigerants like HFC-134a or isobutane that absorb heat and cool the evaporator.
Introduction to Refrigeration and Air Conditioning was explained in a detailed way. For more information, Visit https://mechanicalstudents.com/refrigeration-introduction-vapor-compression-refrigeration-system-vapor-absorption-refrigeration-system/
Introduction to Refrigeration and Air Conditioning was explained in a detailed way. For more information, Visit https://mechanicalstudents.com/refrigeration-introduction-vapor-compression-refrigeration-system-vapor-absorption-refrigeration-system/
The ppt contains detailed study of refrigerants used in refrigeration and air conditioning system with description. It is well formed as per the syllabus of GTU.
The ppt contains detailed study of refrigerants used in refrigeration and air conditioning system with description. It is well formed as per the syllabus of GTU.
Understanding the working of refrigerator repairs in londonSonia Singh
Buying a refrigerator can quite a relief during the summer months. However, when these appliances cease to operate, you will find yourself in a spot of bother.
5 Thanksgiving facts that will make you want to brush your teethSerenity Dental
The holidays are a dangerous time to slack off on dental health! Whether it's Thanksgiving dinner, a holiday party, or a family gathering, these facts will make you want to grab a toothbrush!
The refrigerator, colloquially known as fridge, is a common household appliance that
allows the modern family to keep food fresh for longer than before and is found in almost
every home these days. With changing times, it has become a necessity today. Without
it, day-to-day life can come to a stand still. But a fridge is not just a fridge any more. It is
much more. Thus, this research aims to look at the surroundings of a refrigerator instead
of the inside to understand the role of refrigerators in everyday life
Bathroom Cleaning Checklist Of Pharo Cleaning ServicesTracy Ashley
Pharo Cleaning Services is a commercial cleaning company helping offices, hospitals, institutions and all other commercial buildings to keep their bathrooms and toilet in a spic-and-span condition. Here is our bathroom cleaning checklist.
U.S. Household Refrigerator And Home Feezer Market. Analysis And Forecast to ...IndexBox Marketing
IndexBox Marketing has just published its report: “U.S. Household Refrigerator And Home Feezer Market. Analysis And Forecast to 2020”.
The report provides an in-depth analysis of the U.S. household refrigerator and home freezer market. It presents the latest data of the market size and volume, domestic production, exports and imports, price dynamics and turnover in the industry. In addition, the report contains insightful information about the industry, including industry life cycle, business locations, productivity, employment and many other crucial aspects. The Company Profiles section contains relevant data on the major players in the industry.
Presentation Outline:-
The Principles of Basic Refrigeration
Basic Refrigeration Cycle
There are countless applications for refrigeration plants now.
How do things get colder
Main Components
Accessories
Pressure
Pressure And Temperature
Refrigerator used for Cooling
Analysis of the Carnot Refrigerator
Terminology
The Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle
The Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram
Vapor Compression Refrigeration Analysis
VCR Cycle Irreversibilities
Removing undesirable heat from one item, substance, or area and transferring it to another is known as refrigeration, sometimes known as chilling. The temperature can be reduced by removing heat, which can be accomplished by the use of ice, snow, cooled water, or mechanical refrigeration.
This slide is about some new green cooling system (refrigeration system) and green refrigerant. For the Ozone layer depletion and green house effect, it is high time to find new refrigerant and refrigeration system.
Experimental Performance Evaluation of R152a to replace R134a in Vapour Compr...IJMER
The performance of heat transfer is one of the most important research areas in the field
of thermal engineering. There are a large number of refrigerants, which are used to transfer heat from
low temperature reservoir to high temperature reservoir by using vapour compression refrigeration
system. There are various obstacles faced in working of different refrigerants due to their environmental
impact (CFC, HCFC), toxicity (NH3), flammability (HC) and high pressure (CO2); which makes them
more hazardous than other working fluids according to safety and environmental issues.
Experimentation is conducted to observe the performance of Hydro-fluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants
(R134a and R152a) in vapour compression refrigeration. Value of average refrigerating effect for R152a
is about 57% more than that of R134a . Average pressure ratio for R152a was 18.92% higher than that of
R134a. In this result, R152a has emerged as the most energy efficient refrigerant among both the
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refrigeration with the average value of 13.23% less than that of R134a.The COP of R152a obtain is
higher than R134a by 3.769% .As a result, R152a could be used as a drop-in replacement for R134a in
vapour compression refrigeration system. R152a offers the best desirable environmental requirements;
zero Ozone Depleting Potential (ODP) and 120 Global Warming Potential (GWP).
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
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Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
2. Introduction
A refrigerator (colloquially fridge) is a popular household appliance that
consists of a thermally insulated compartment and a heat pump (mechanical,
electronic or chemical) that transfers heat from the inside of the fridge to its
external environment so that the inside of the fridge is cooled to a
temperature below the ambient temperature of the room.
Refrigeration is an essential food storage technique in developed countries.
The lower temperature lowers the reproduction rate of bacteria, so the
refrigerator reduces the rate of spoilage.
3. Cont.…
A refrigerator maintains a temperature a
few degrees above the freezing point of
water. Optimum temperature range for
perishable food storage is 3 to 5 °C (37 to
41 °F).
A similar device that maintains a
temperature below the freezing point of
water is called a freezer.
The refrigerator replaced the icebox, which
had been a common household appliance
for almost a century and a half. For this
reason, a refrigerator is sometimes
referred to as an icebox in American
usage.
4. History
In 1834, the first working
vapor-compression
refrigeration system was
built. The first commercial
ice-making machine was
invented in 1854. In 1913,
refrigerators for home use
were invented. In 1923
Frigidaire introduced the first
self-contained unit.
5. Components
It has 4 main components:
Compressor – Pressure producer by compressing gas
Condenser
Evaporator – Heat exchanger
Throttling device – obstructs the flow of liquid
6. Basic principal of refrigeration
The basic principle of refrigeration is simple. You
simply pass a colder liquid continuously around
the object that is to be cooled. This will take heat
from the object. In the example shown, a cold
liquid is passed over an apple, which is to be
cooled. Due to the temperature difference, the
apple loses heat to the refrigerant liquid. The
refrigerant in turn is heated due to heat
absorption from the apple. t is clear that, if we
can produce cold liquid refrigerant continuously,
we can achieve continuous refrigeration. This
simple fact forms the core of the refrigeration
technology
7.
8. Refrigeration cycle
The refrigerant comes into the compressor as a low-pressure gas, it is
compressed and then moves out of the compressor as a high-pressure gas.
The gas then flows to the condenser. Here the gas condenses to a liquid, and
gives off its heat to the outside air.
The liquid then moves to the expansion valve under high pressure. This valve
restricts the flow of the fluid, and lowers its pressure as it leaves the expansion
valve.
The low-pressure liquid then moves to the evaporator, where heat from the
inside air is absorbed and changes it from a liquid to a gas.
As a hot low-pressure gas, the refrigerant moves to the compressor where the
entire cycle is repeated.
9. Refrigerant
Modern refrigerators usually use a refrigerant called HFC-134a (1,1,1,2-
Tetrafluoroethane), which does not deplete the ozone layer, instead of
Freon. A R-134a is now becoming very uncommon in Europe. Newer
refrigerants are being used instead. The main refrigerant now used is R-
600a, or isobutane.
10. Leakage hazard
A gas leak in a refrigerator, although not likely to occur, can decrease the
ability of your refrigerator to do its job correctly.
Although it's not generally believed that such a leak can be hazardous to
your health, the short-term discomfort caused by breathing Freon -- the
gas used in older refrigerators -- can be problematic.
11. Uses of refrigeration
Separation of air into its constituents by fractional distillation. Air is
liquefied at -1910C. Liquefaction temperature of Nitrogen is -1860C and
that of oxygen is -1960C.
Separation of gases in the petroleum industry (Refinery). Lowest
temperature needed is -1600C and the cooling capacity needed are 10000
tons of refrigeration.
Synthetic ammonia plants condense ammonia gas with temperatures
between -200C to +100C before storage or before shipment.
Preservation of food items
Ice manufacturing