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REDtrain Parent First Aid- Paediatric First Aid for Parents
- 1. 1 First Aid for Children Your Instructor Nevan Mulvihill Your Instructor: Nevan Mulvihill 087 946 2865 www.facebook.com/ redtrain.ie Parent First Aid
- 2. 2 Main causes of death in children • Choking, • Drowning, • Poisoning, • Suffocation, • Trauma 5 Main causes of mortality In children
- 3. 3 Patient Assessment • Danger • Response • Airway – C-Spine • Breathing • Circulation Primary Survey
- 4. Paediatric Chain of Survival4 1. Prevention of arrest 2. Early CPR – 2 minutes if unwitnessed 3. Early Activation of Emergency Services 999/112 4. Early Advanced Life Support 5. Early Post-Resuscitation care
- 5. CPR5
- 6. Infant Choking – repeat 5 back slaps & 5 chest compressions until object clears Back Slaps Chest Compressions 6
- 7. 7 Treatment for Poisons (999) • Primary Survey IF CONSCIOUS – Do not induce vomiting – If the casualty has swallowed a corrosive – Give small sips of water or milk to drink • Primary Survey • IF UNCONSCIOUS – Recovery position – Monitor vital signs / Keep samples – Urgent removal to hospital – Be prepared to resuscitate • Avoid becoming contaminated • The National Poisons Information Centre can be contacted at Beaumont Hospital – telephone 01 - 8092568 7 Treatment for Poison
- 9. Seizures in children – main causes Febrile Convulsions Epilepsy Head Injury Lack of Oxygen Stroke 9
- 10. 10
- 11. Picture: Many Thanks to the Anaphylaxis Campaign. Anaphylaxis • Anxiety • Blotchy skin • Swelling of face • Swelling of neck • Puffiness around eyes • Breathing difficulties • Rapid pulse 11 Anaphylaxis
- 12. 12 Treatment of Severe Allergies • Relieve Breathing • If trained use Epi-pen 999 12
- 13. Concussion Compression Unconsciousness for a short period, followed by an increase in levels of response and recovery. Could have a history of recent head injury with apparent recovery, but then deteriorates Short term memory loss (particularly of the incident). Confusion, irritability. Levels of response become worse as condition develops Mild, general headache. Intense headache. Pale, clammy skin. Flushed, dry skin. Shallow / normal breathing. Deep, noisy, slow breathing. (Pressure on the respiratory control area of the brain) Rapid, weak pulse. (Blood diverts away from the extremities) Slow, strong pulse. (Caused by raised blood pressure) Normal pupils, reacting to light. One or both pupils dilate as pressure increases on the brain. Possible nausea or vomiting on recovery. Condition becomes worse. Fits may occur. No recovery. Serious Head injuries13
- 14. 14 Management of a Head Injury: Ensure A c, B C Treat all life threatening injuries Monitor vital signs Head to toe survey Prevent chilling If UNCONSCIOUS due to trauma Consider spinal injury and treat Refer to attached pocket guide on concussion
- 16. 16 Nose Bleed • Breath through Mouth • Pinch below bridge of Nose • Have casualty lean forward • Try not to speak, sniff, swallow, or spit • Check after 10 minutes • Do not blow nose for a few hours • Seek Medical Attention if bleeding persists for more than 30 minutes 16 Treatment of Nose Bleed
- 17. R I C E est ce ompression levation Sprains and strains IF IN DOUBT - TREAT AS A FRACTURE ! 17 Sprain or Strain Treatment
- 18. 18 Hypoglycaemia - Treatment If Concious : • Talk to them, encourage them to check sugar levels. • Ask if they should take sugar / food / drinks. • Seek Medical Attention If Unconcious : • Call 999 / 112 and Ensure ABC • Place patient in recovery position • Monitor vital signs / Prevent chilling • Look for other causes 18 Treatment of Diabetics Hypoglyacemic – low blood sugar levels
- 19. 19 Electrical Injuries - Treatment • Make sure scene is safe • Primary Survey • Burns often full thickness • Multiple burns possible • Activate EMS 19 Treatment for burns
- 20. COOL! – 10 -15 Minutes cool Running Water REMOVE Jewellery and clothing DRESS – non adherent Burns – treatment20
- 21. 21 Low Current Voltage REMOVE PLUG DO NOT touch casualty if he/she is still in contact with electrical current Try to use a telephone directory or something similar as a insulator DO NOT use any metal object to push away electrical source, use a wooden object 21 Treatment for Electric Shock
- 23. Red Flag early warning signs! • Cold hands and feet • Pain in the limbs or joints • Abnormal skin colour (pallor or mottling) Other signs, which can occur later: • Fever and vomiting • Rash that doesn’t fade with tumbler test • Drowsiness or lowered levels of consciousness • Severe headache • Stiff neck (rare) • Dislike of bright lights (rare) Meningitis23 Meningitis
- 24. Meningitis – doesn’t disappear under a glass – if in doubt arrange transport to hospital 24