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RECONSTRUCTION
MR. PALMER / US HISTORY
JOURNAL
WHICH PLAN FOR RECONSTRUCTION DO YOU
AGREE WITH MORE?
PLAN 1
- Punish the South so they don’t
try to break away again
- Forbid Confederate leaders form
voting and running for office
- Make Southern states rewrite
their constitutions
- Send troops into the South to
keep an eye on things
- Replace old state governments
with new officials
PLAN 2
- Let the Southern states back into
the Union without being punished
- Pardon former Confederate
soldiers if they promise to support
emancipation
- Let the South decide how they’ll
enforce civil rights laws
- Allow the people that were in
control before the war to regain
control
- Try to forgive and forget
REVIEW
- How should the South be rebuilt?
- How should the states that broke
away be brought back into the
Union?
- How should former slaves be
incorporated into the country as free
men and women?
Second Battle at Fredericksburg (1863)
Ruins in Richmond, Virginia 1865
Aftermath at Battle of Gettysburg (Pennsylvania)
RECONSTRUCTING
SOCIETY
- By 1870, all Confederate states were back in the Union
- However, Civil War devastated the South
- Public work programs created to:
- Repair physical damage
- Provide social services
What else had
to be done?
FREEDMEN’S BUREAU
- After the war, slaves had earned their freedom
- Freedmen’s Bureau was established by Congress to help
these freed slaves
- Provided food and clothing
- Set up hospitals
- Gave legal protection to former slaves
- Initiated educational reform
POLITICS
- Three main groups in the South’s Republican Party:
- Scalawags
- White Southerners, mostly small farmers
- Carpetbaggers
- Northerners who moved to the South after the war
- African Americans
- Largest group of Southern Republicans
- Fifteenth Amendment gave them voting rights
- African Americans started to play a bigger role in the political
process
- Differing goals of these three groups led to a lack of unity
ECONOMY
- Southern economy had been devastated
- Causes economic conflict between planters and freedmen
- Southern planters had land but no labor
- Freedmen could provide labor but had no land
- This gave rise to sharecropping and tenant farming
- Sharecropping: system where someone would farm land
owned by a landowner, but only keep a small portion of the
crop
- Tenant farming: Farmers paid rent to landowners and
farmed the land as they saw fit; used money from crops to
pay rent
RELATIONSHIPS
- Family ties and friendships had been broken
- People had to work to fix these relationships
- Imagine if you had to fight against your brother or cousin
during the Civil War
Would you be able to kill a
relative if it meant saving your
own life?
OPPOSITION
- Opposition to emancipation was still strong in the South
- Gave rise to groups who opposed Reconstruction
- Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
- Destroy the Republican Party
- Throw out the Reconstruction governments
- Aid the planter class
- Prevent African Americans from exercising political rights
- KKK and other groups killed about 20,000 men, women
and children to achieve their goals
WHAT DO YOU THINK?
During this period of
Reconstruction, do you think
African Americans were truly
free?

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Reconstruction

  • 2. JOURNAL WHICH PLAN FOR RECONSTRUCTION DO YOU AGREE WITH MORE? PLAN 1 - Punish the South so they don’t try to break away again - Forbid Confederate leaders form voting and running for office - Make Southern states rewrite their constitutions - Send troops into the South to keep an eye on things - Replace old state governments with new officials PLAN 2 - Let the Southern states back into the Union without being punished - Pardon former Confederate soldiers if they promise to support emancipation - Let the South decide how they’ll enforce civil rights laws - Allow the people that were in control before the war to regain control - Try to forgive and forget
  • 3. REVIEW - How should the South be rebuilt? - How should the states that broke away be brought back into the Union? - How should former slaves be incorporated into the country as free men and women?
  • 4. Second Battle at Fredericksburg (1863)
  • 5. Ruins in Richmond, Virginia 1865
  • 6. Aftermath at Battle of Gettysburg (Pennsylvania)
  • 7.
  • 8. RECONSTRUCTING SOCIETY - By 1870, all Confederate states were back in the Union - However, Civil War devastated the South - Public work programs created to: - Repair physical damage - Provide social services What else had to be done?
  • 9. FREEDMEN’S BUREAU - After the war, slaves had earned their freedom - Freedmen’s Bureau was established by Congress to help these freed slaves - Provided food and clothing - Set up hospitals - Gave legal protection to former slaves - Initiated educational reform
  • 10. POLITICS - Three main groups in the South’s Republican Party: - Scalawags - White Southerners, mostly small farmers - Carpetbaggers - Northerners who moved to the South after the war - African Americans - Largest group of Southern Republicans - Fifteenth Amendment gave them voting rights - African Americans started to play a bigger role in the political process - Differing goals of these three groups led to a lack of unity
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  • 12. ECONOMY - Southern economy had been devastated - Causes economic conflict between planters and freedmen - Southern planters had land but no labor - Freedmen could provide labor but had no land - This gave rise to sharecropping and tenant farming - Sharecropping: system where someone would farm land owned by a landowner, but only keep a small portion of the crop - Tenant farming: Farmers paid rent to landowners and farmed the land as they saw fit; used money from crops to pay rent
  • 13. RELATIONSHIPS - Family ties and friendships had been broken - People had to work to fix these relationships - Imagine if you had to fight against your brother or cousin during the Civil War Would you be able to kill a relative if it meant saving your own life?
  • 14. OPPOSITION - Opposition to emancipation was still strong in the South - Gave rise to groups who opposed Reconstruction - Ku Klux Klan (KKK) - Destroy the Republican Party - Throw out the Reconstruction governments - Aid the planter class - Prevent African Americans from exercising political rights - KKK and other groups killed about 20,000 men, women and children to achieve their goals
  • 15. WHAT DO YOU THINK? During this period of Reconstruction, do you think African Americans were truly free?