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The Aftermath of the Civil War
Reconstruction * 1865-1877
Major Questions
following the Civil War:
1. How to re-build the South?
2. How to bring Southern
states back into the United
States?
3. How to bring former slaves
into the United States as
free men and women?
Over 1 million Americans lost their
lives during the Civil War:
664, 928 Northern Casualties
483, 286 Southern Casualties
After 4 years of war, could Northerners and
Southerners forgive each other?
Could they become unified as citizens of
the same country?
Re-building the South
Should people who fought against the United States
be allowed to become American citizens? Should
they be punished?
What should be done to southern state governments
that fought against the United States?
How to bring former Confederate States
back into the United States?
How would freed men
and women be treated in
the Southern States?
What do you think were
some of the major
challenges faced by
former slaves?
At the end of the Civil War, there were
hundreds of thousands former slaves living in
the former Confederate States.
Freedmen
Finding Answers…
• President Lincoln started to answer the
questions of Reconstruction in his 10% Plan.
• When Lincoln was assassinated Andrew
Johnson, a Southerner and a Democrat who
sympathized with the South, became
president and offered his own plan for
Reconstruction.
• Many people in Congress opposed Johnson
—they were called Radical Republicans.
Goals
Speedy Recovery
Lincoln/Johnson
RADICAL (extreme) change
*punish south
*more power for Republican
Party
*Rights for African
Americans
Radical Republicans
Lenient vs. Punishment
Lenient
States never actually left the
Union
Lincoln/Johnson
Believed the south should
be punished for starting the
war
Radical Republicans
Steps to Re-enter the Union
10% Plan (Lincoln) – ten
percent of southern voters
needed to take an oath of
loyalty
Generous pardon to allow
southerners to retain
property and reacquire
political rights
Lincoln/Johnson
Reconstruction Act of 1867
(1)Divide south into five
military districts
(2)Must ratify 14th
Amendment
(3)Rights for Freedman
Radical Republicans
Programs for African
Americans
Not addressed
Lincoln/Johnson
Extended Freedman’s
Bureau to provide food,
clothing, shelter, and
education to freedman and
war refugees
Radical Republicans
Problems
Black codes restricted rights
of African Americans
Southern States refused to
ratify 14th
Amendment
No effort to help Freedmen
Lincoln/Johnson Radical Republicans
Failures contributed to support of Radical Republicans
North felt robbed of their victory
Johnson’s Impeachment
• Johnson removed Edwin Stanton in
February, 1868, violating the Tenure of
Office Act.
• Johnson replaced generals in the field
who were more sympathetic to Radical
Reconstruction.
• The House impeached him on February
24 before even drawing up the charges
by a vote of 126 – 47!

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Johnsonvradrep

  • 1. The Aftermath of the Civil War
  • 2. Reconstruction * 1865-1877 Major Questions following the Civil War: 1. How to re-build the South? 2. How to bring Southern states back into the United States? 3. How to bring former slaves into the United States as free men and women?
  • 3. Over 1 million Americans lost their lives during the Civil War: 664, 928 Northern Casualties 483, 286 Southern Casualties After 4 years of war, could Northerners and Southerners forgive each other? Could they become unified as citizens of the same country? Re-building the South
  • 4. Should people who fought against the United States be allowed to become American citizens? Should they be punished? What should be done to southern state governments that fought against the United States? How to bring former Confederate States back into the United States?
  • 5. How would freed men and women be treated in the Southern States? What do you think were some of the major challenges faced by former slaves? At the end of the Civil War, there were hundreds of thousands former slaves living in the former Confederate States. Freedmen
  • 6. Finding Answers… • President Lincoln started to answer the questions of Reconstruction in his 10% Plan. • When Lincoln was assassinated Andrew Johnson, a Southerner and a Democrat who sympathized with the South, became president and offered his own plan for Reconstruction. • Many people in Congress opposed Johnson —they were called Radical Republicans.
  • 7. Goals Speedy Recovery Lincoln/Johnson RADICAL (extreme) change *punish south *more power for Republican Party *Rights for African Americans Radical Republicans
  • 8. Lenient vs. Punishment Lenient States never actually left the Union Lincoln/Johnson Believed the south should be punished for starting the war Radical Republicans
  • 9. Steps to Re-enter the Union 10% Plan (Lincoln) – ten percent of southern voters needed to take an oath of loyalty Generous pardon to allow southerners to retain property and reacquire political rights Lincoln/Johnson Reconstruction Act of 1867 (1)Divide south into five military districts (2)Must ratify 14th Amendment (3)Rights for Freedman Radical Republicans
  • 10. Programs for African Americans Not addressed Lincoln/Johnson Extended Freedman’s Bureau to provide food, clothing, shelter, and education to freedman and war refugees Radical Republicans
  • 11. Problems Black codes restricted rights of African Americans Southern States refused to ratify 14th Amendment No effort to help Freedmen Lincoln/Johnson Radical Republicans Failures contributed to support of Radical Republicans North felt robbed of their victory
  • 12. Johnson’s Impeachment • Johnson removed Edwin Stanton in February, 1868, violating the Tenure of Office Act. • Johnson replaced generals in the field who were more sympathetic to Radical Reconstruction. • The House impeached him on February 24 before even drawing up the charges by a vote of 126 – 47!