Random Pulse Width Modulation (RPWM) technique for a 4-level inverter in open-end winding induction motor configuration is proposed i n this paper. Reference voltage space vector is randomly sampled and it is realized in average sens e by switching its three nearest vectors. Switching frequency is randomly varied within the bounds to get randomly s paced samples. The method requires no sector identification. The refer encephasor is converted into a vector lying in the basic 2-level inverter to calculate switching time vectors. The proposed scheme is implemented and experimental results are presented for a dual inverter fed 4-level open-end winding induction motor drive using DSP platform, TMS 320LF2407A.
Performance Improvement of Multi Level Inverter fed Vector Controlled Inducti...IJPEDS-IAES
In this paper, the analysis of space vector based multi level inverter (MLI) fed vector controlled induction motor drive for a low speed operation is presented. The performance of indirect field oriented controlled induction motor drive (IMD) is poor with two-level inverter for low speed operations (LSO). The reduction in performance and peak value of torque are mainly due to the non-linearity caused by stator voltage drop and inverter. Hence the performance factors of induction motor drive are analyzed with the multi level inverters under different operating conditions. In this approach, the steady state ripple content in the current and torque waveforms are reduced and that to ripple content of torque is reduced from 0.15 to 0.05 under steady state with five-level inverter. When there is a step change in the load torque, the momentary decrease in speed with five-level inverter is less when compared two and three-level inverters and the speed response reaches the reference value very quickly with five-level inverter during steady state and transient periods. So the overall performance of drive is improved with five- level inverter when compared to two-level and three- level inverters under low speed operations.
Comparing of switching frequency on vector controlled asynchronous motorijscai
Nowadays, asynchronous motors have wide range use in many industrial applications. Field oriented
control (FOC) and direct torque control (DTC) are commonly used methods in high performance vector
control for asynchronous motors. Therefore, it is very important to identify clearly advantages and
disadvantages of both systems in the selection of appropriate control methods for many industrial
applications. This paper aims to present a new and different perspective regarding the comparison of the
switching behaviours on the FOC and the DTC drivers. For this purpose, the experimental studies have
been carried out to compare the inverter switching frequencies and torque responses of the asynchronous
motor in the FOC and the DTC systems under different working conditions. The dSPACE 1103 controller
board was programmed with Matlab/Simulink software. As expected, the experimental studies showed that
the FOC controlled motors has a lessened torque ripple. On the other hand, the FOC controlled motor
switching frequency has about 65-75% more than the DTC controlled under both loaded and unloaded
working conditions
A Novel Direct Torque Control for Induction Machine Drive System with Low Tor...IAES-IJPEDS
This document describes a novel direct torque control method for induction machine drives using space vector modulation (DTC-SVM) to reduce torque and flux ripples. Simulation results show the proposed DTC-SVM control achieves lower ripples compared to the conventional DTC method. The DTC-SVM control strategy is designed and simulated using Matlab/Simulink and implemented on an FPGA using Xilinx System Generator. Simulation results verify the DTC-SVM control is effective at minimizing torque and flux ripples for induction machine drives.
Comparative Analysis of PWM Techniques for Three Level Diode Clamped Voltage ...IAES-IJPEDS
Multilevel inverters are increasingly being used in high-power medium voltage industrial drive applications due to their superior performance compared to conventional two-level inverters. Thre are a number of Pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques applied in recent years. The most widely applied PWM techniques are Sine Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) and Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM). SPWM is the most simple modulation technique that can realize easily in analog circuit. However, it has some drawbacks such as higher total harmonic distortion (THD), lower effective DC utilization and lower switching frequency. Space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) is widely used because of their easier digital realization and better DC bus utilization and lower THD. The complexity is due to the difficulty in determining the reference vector location, on times calculation, and switching states selection. This paper presents a simple SVPWM algorithm for diode clamped three level inverters based on standard two-level SVPWM which can easily determine the location of reference vector, calculate the on-times, the selection of switching states. Three level diode clamped inverter (3LDCI) using space vector modulation technique has been modeled and simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK and Origin 6.1 with a passive R-L load that can be extended to any level. Simulation results are presented to verify the proposed SVPWM control in terms of THD. The results arecompared with conventional sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) where SVPWM shows better performance than SPWM in terms of THD.
Direct Torque Control of Four Switch Three Phase Inverter Fed Induction Motor...IAES-IJPEDS
This paper presents sensorless speed control of induction motor (IM) using four switch three phase inverter (FSTPI) with direct torque and flux control (DTFC). The proposed sensorless DTFC system consists of an adaptive observer of rotor flux to accurately estimate stator resistance and speed simultaneously, without affecting drive performances. The switching technique for DTFC of IM using FSTPI in low power application is based on the principle of similarity between FSTPI and SSTPI (six switch three phase inverter), where the αβ plan is divided into 6 sectors and the formation of the voltage space vector is done in the same way as for SSTPI by using effective (mean) vectors. This approach allows using the well-known established switching table of SSTPI for FSTPI. The simulation results indicates that the sensorless speed control of FSTPI fed IM with DTFC and adaptive observer provides accurate estimate, good trajectory tracking with different dynamics performance. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method at different operating points.
A Fault Detection and Classification Method for SC Transmission Line Using Ph...paperpublications3
Abstract: In this paper, fault detection and classification for Series Compensated Line (SCL) using phasor measurement unit is presented. The algorithm presented in this paper uses the PMU synchronized measurements and not depends on the data to be provided by the electricity utility. The compensated line parameters and Thevenin’s equivalent (TE) of the system at SCL terminals are calculated online, using three independent sets of pre-fault phasor measurements. The accuracy of fault location is performed with respect to fault location/position, types of fault, fault angle. The accuracy of the algorithm is simulated in MATLAB for 9-bus transmission system.
Performance analysis of cmos comparator and cntfet comparator designeSAT Publishing House
This document summarizes a study comparing the performance of CNTFET and CMOS comparator designs. CNTFET comparators were simulated using CADENCE showing faster propagation delays, lower power consumption, and improved transient response compared to CMOS comparators. Specifically, the CNTFET comparator had a rise time of 142.1ns versus 1.03ns for CMOS, and fall time of 164.18ns versus 821.476ns for CMOS. Average power was also lower at 118mW for CNTFET versus 910mW for CMOS. Due to these advantages, CNTFETs may replace silicon transistors as the performance of silicon MOSFETs reaches scaling limitations.
This document summarizes an article from the International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering & Technology. The article focuses on a three-phase Clarke-maximum (Maximum p,q) trigonometrical PLL for grid connected power converters. It presents the block diagram and computer simulation model of the proposed PLL. The PLL uses Clarke and inverse Clarke transformations to extract the q and p components from the three-phase input signals. It then takes the maximum of these values to determine the error signal fed to the PI controller. This ensures there is only one equilibrium point and faster response when the initial phase difference exceeds 90 degrees compared to typical qPLL and pPLL implementations. Computer simulations validate the operation and performance of the proposed PLL structure.
Performance Improvement of Multi Level Inverter fed Vector Controlled Inducti...IJPEDS-IAES
In this paper, the analysis of space vector based multi level inverter (MLI) fed vector controlled induction motor drive for a low speed operation is presented. The performance of indirect field oriented controlled induction motor drive (IMD) is poor with two-level inverter for low speed operations (LSO). The reduction in performance and peak value of torque are mainly due to the non-linearity caused by stator voltage drop and inverter. Hence the performance factors of induction motor drive are analyzed with the multi level inverters under different operating conditions. In this approach, the steady state ripple content in the current and torque waveforms are reduced and that to ripple content of torque is reduced from 0.15 to 0.05 under steady state with five-level inverter. When there is a step change in the load torque, the momentary decrease in speed with five-level inverter is less when compared two and three-level inverters and the speed response reaches the reference value very quickly with five-level inverter during steady state and transient periods. So the overall performance of drive is improved with five- level inverter when compared to two-level and three- level inverters under low speed operations.
Comparing of switching frequency on vector controlled asynchronous motorijscai
Nowadays, asynchronous motors have wide range use in many industrial applications. Field oriented
control (FOC) and direct torque control (DTC) are commonly used methods in high performance vector
control for asynchronous motors. Therefore, it is very important to identify clearly advantages and
disadvantages of both systems in the selection of appropriate control methods for many industrial
applications. This paper aims to present a new and different perspective regarding the comparison of the
switching behaviours on the FOC and the DTC drivers. For this purpose, the experimental studies have
been carried out to compare the inverter switching frequencies and torque responses of the asynchronous
motor in the FOC and the DTC systems under different working conditions. The dSPACE 1103 controller
board was programmed with Matlab/Simulink software. As expected, the experimental studies showed that
the FOC controlled motors has a lessened torque ripple. On the other hand, the FOC controlled motor
switching frequency has about 65-75% more than the DTC controlled under both loaded and unloaded
working conditions
A Novel Direct Torque Control for Induction Machine Drive System with Low Tor...IAES-IJPEDS
This document describes a novel direct torque control method for induction machine drives using space vector modulation (DTC-SVM) to reduce torque and flux ripples. Simulation results show the proposed DTC-SVM control achieves lower ripples compared to the conventional DTC method. The DTC-SVM control strategy is designed and simulated using Matlab/Simulink and implemented on an FPGA using Xilinx System Generator. Simulation results verify the DTC-SVM control is effective at minimizing torque and flux ripples for induction machine drives.
Comparative Analysis of PWM Techniques for Three Level Diode Clamped Voltage ...IAES-IJPEDS
Multilevel inverters are increasingly being used in high-power medium voltage industrial drive applications due to their superior performance compared to conventional two-level inverters. Thre are a number of Pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques applied in recent years. The most widely applied PWM techniques are Sine Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) and Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM). SPWM is the most simple modulation technique that can realize easily in analog circuit. However, it has some drawbacks such as higher total harmonic distortion (THD), lower effective DC utilization and lower switching frequency. Space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) is widely used because of their easier digital realization and better DC bus utilization and lower THD. The complexity is due to the difficulty in determining the reference vector location, on times calculation, and switching states selection. This paper presents a simple SVPWM algorithm for diode clamped three level inverters based on standard two-level SVPWM which can easily determine the location of reference vector, calculate the on-times, the selection of switching states. Three level diode clamped inverter (3LDCI) using space vector modulation technique has been modeled and simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK and Origin 6.1 with a passive R-L load that can be extended to any level. Simulation results are presented to verify the proposed SVPWM control in terms of THD. The results arecompared with conventional sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) where SVPWM shows better performance than SPWM in terms of THD.
Direct Torque Control of Four Switch Three Phase Inverter Fed Induction Motor...IAES-IJPEDS
This paper presents sensorless speed control of induction motor (IM) using four switch three phase inverter (FSTPI) with direct torque and flux control (DTFC). The proposed sensorless DTFC system consists of an adaptive observer of rotor flux to accurately estimate stator resistance and speed simultaneously, without affecting drive performances. The switching technique for DTFC of IM using FSTPI in low power application is based on the principle of similarity between FSTPI and SSTPI (six switch three phase inverter), where the αβ plan is divided into 6 sectors and the formation of the voltage space vector is done in the same way as for SSTPI by using effective (mean) vectors. This approach allows using the well-known established switching table of SSTPI for FSTPI. The simulation results indicates that the sensorless speed control of FSTPI fed IM with DTFC and adaptive observer provides accurate estimate, good trajectory tracking with different dynamics performance. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method at different operating points.
A Fault Detection and Classification Method for SC Transmission Line Using Ph...paperpublications3
Abstract: In this paper, fault detection and classification for Series Compensated Line (SCL) using phasor measurement unit is presented. The algorithm presented in this paper uses the PMU synchronized measurements and not depends on the data to be provided by the electricity utility. The compensated line parameters and Thevenin’s equivalent (TE) of the system at SCL terminals are calculated online, using three independent sets of pre-fault phasor measurements. The accuracy of fault location is performed with respect to fault location/position, types of fault, fault angle. The accuracy of the algorithm is simulated in MATLAB for 9-bus transmission system.
Performance analysis of cmos comparator and cntfet comparator designeSAT Publishing House
This document summarizes a study comparing the performance of CNTFET and CMOS comparator designs. CNTFET comparators were simulated using CADENCE showing faster propagation delays, lower power consumption, and improved transient response compared to CMOS comparators. Specifically, the CNTFET comparator had a rise time of 142.1ns versus 1.03ns for CMOS, and fall time of 164.18ns versus 821.476ns for CMOS. Average power was also lower at 118mW for CNTFET versus 910mW for CMOS. Due to these advantages, CNTFETs may replace silicon transistors as the performance of silicon MOSFETs reaches scaling limitations.
This document summarizes an article from the International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering & Technology. The article focuses on a three-phase Clarke-maximum (Maximum p,q) trigonometrical PLL for grid connected power converters. It presents the block diagram and computer simulation model of the proposed PLL. The PLL uses Clarke and inverse Clarke transformations to extract the q and p components from the three-phase input signals. It then takes the maximum of these values to determine the error signal fed to the PI controller. This ensures there is only one equilibrium point and faster response when the initial phase difference exceeds 90 degrees compared to typical qPLL and pPLL implementations. Computer simulations validate the operation and performance of the proposed PLL structure.
Enhanced Performance of Matrix Converter using Adaptive Computing TechniquesIJERA Editor
This document discusses improving the performance of a matrix converter for supplying power to linear loads under different grid conditions. It describes the operating principle and Venturini modulation method of a matrix converter. Various controllers - PI, fuzzy logic, adaptive fuzzy, and ANFIS - are implemented in simulations to minimize harmonic distortion in the linear load current. The results show that the ANFIS controller provides the best performance with the lowest total harmonic distortion, indicating it is most effective at optimizing the quality of power supplied by the matrix converter under both balanced and distorted grid conditions.
Modelling and Simulation of Three Level VSI-Neutral Point Balancing -Fed AC D...IJERA Editor
Multilevel inverter topology has developed recently as a very important alternative in the area of high power
medium voltage energy control. In multilevel inverter, thethree basic types of topologies used are diode clamped
inverter (neutral point clamped), capacitorclamped (flying capacitor) and cascaded multi cell with separate dc
sources. Multilevel inverters are used in medium voltage and high power applications with less harmonic
contents. This paper proposes a software implementation of neutral point clamped (NPC) three level voltage
source inverter using space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) techniques. The inverter feeds an
electrical system which is controlled by field oriented control (FOC).The improvement of the control technique
is achieved using intelligence techniques. The operation of the electrical system is verified in steady state and
transient state responses. This software implementation is performed by using matlab/Simulink software. This
paper gives comparison between SVPWM three phase three level with neutral point clamped and without
neutral point clamped. Finally, the comparative study of different techniques was implemented.
Wavelet Based Fault Detection, Classification in Transmission System with TCS...IJERA Editor
This paper presents simulation results of the application of distance relays for the protection of transmission systems employing flexible alternating current transmission controllers such as Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC). The complete digital simulation of TCSC within a transmission system is performed in the MATLAB/Simulink environment using the Power System Block set (PSB). This paper presents an efficient method based on wavelet transforms both fault detection and classification which is almost independent of fault impedance, fault location and fault inception angle of transmission line fault currents with FACTS controllers.
Harmonic elimination at the fundamental frequency is very much appropriate for high and medium range of power generation and applications. This paper considers a new technique for selective harmonic elimination (SHE), in which the total harmonic distortion (THD) is minimized when compared with that of the conventional one. With this technique, the harmonics at lower order are eliminated, which are more predominant than the higher ones.Cascaded H-Bridge inverter fed by a single DC is considered which is simulated with the switching angles generated by both the conventional method of SHE and the new method of SHE. The simulated results of the load voltage and the waveforms of the harmonic analysis are shown. The THD values are compared for the two techniques. The experimental results are also shown for the new technique. The switching angles are generated with the help of field programmable gated array (FPGA) in the hardware. The value of experimental THD of voltage is compared with that of simulated THD and the comparison prove that the results are satisfactory.
Comparative Study of the Success of PI and PI-Fuzzy Controller for Induction ...inventionjournals
Asynchronous motors have a wide range of applications in the industry.Therefore, speed control of asynchronous motors is of great importance.Speed control of asynchronous motors based on vector control techniques to achieve high performance.The vector control technique, motor flux and moment variables can be controlled independently of each other.Because of the nonlinear and complex model of asynchronous motors, the speed control applications of these motors are not provided with great efficiency by classical control methods.Fuzzy logic controllers (FLC), which were successful in many areas, present great performance in speed control of an asynchronous motor.In this study, a simulation study regarding speed control of a threephase squirrel cage asynchronous motor was carried out with a PI-Fuzzy type FLC and a conventional PI type controller.The data obtained by simulation are evaluated and the performances of the control methods are compared.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Total Harmonic Distortion of Dodecagonal Space Vector ModulationIJPEDS-IAES
Space vector modulation technique is one of the best PWM techniques which have been implemented to the Multilevel inverter circuit to get the purely sinusoidal cuurent. This is a important algorithm which is implemented in open wind induction motor. This type of I.M has great impact on Electric Drive system. SVM is nothing but the technique of switching algorithm. The Hexagonal space vector modulation has been implemented before, but elimination of higher order harmonics is not possible. Torque pulsation arises. Speed control of Induction motor was not smooth. So Dodecagonal (12) structure developed. A 12 side polygonal space vector structure is meant for eliminating (6n±1) harmonics in the phase current waveform throughout the modulating range. A high resolution of PWM technique is proposed involving multiple 12 sided polygonal (Dodecagonal) structure that can generate highly sinusoidal voltage at a reduced switching frequency. In this paper different values of frequencies have been taken for harmonic analysis. SVM method features a higher level of dc-bus voltage utilization compared to the conventional PWM.
Simplified Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation based on Switching Schemes wit...IJECEIAES
This paper presents a simplified control strategy of spacevector pulse width modulation technique with a three segment switching sequence and seven segment switching sequence for high power applications of multilevel inverters. In the proposed method, the inverter switching sequences are optimized for minimization of device switching frequency and improvement of harmonic spectrum by using the three most desired switching states and one suitable redundant state for each space vector. The proposed threesegment sequence is compared with conventional seven-segment sequence for five level Cascaded H-Bridge inverter with various values of switching frequencies including very low frequency. The output spectrum of the proposed sequence design shows the reduction of device switching frequency, current and line voltage THD, thereby minimizing the filter size requirement of the inverter, employed in industrial applications, where sinusoidal output voltage is required.
The Nine-Switch Inverter(NSI) is a recently developed dual output converter. It can be used to drive two three-phase loads independently. As a substitute to two separate conventional voltage source inverters, the NSI has been, already, proposed in various industrial applications to reduce the numberof semiconductor switches and its associated energy losses and drive circuitry. On the other hand, the Direct Torque Control(DTC) is a robust control scheme of AC motors, which consist of selecting proper state vectors of a conventional voltage source inverter. The NSI, having a different working principle from the conventional voltage source inverter and taking into account the varying influence of active space vectors on motor’s torque and stator flux, a Direct Torque Control is suggested in this paper to, efficiently, drive two induction motors independently, while minimizing the torque and stator flux ripples of both motors. Simulations results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. In addition, application of this newly proposed control scheme in operation of an Electric Vehicule (EV) is demonstrated.
A Distinctive Scheme for Extraction of Symmetrical Components along with Harm...IOSR Journals
1. The document describes a software program developed in C++ Builder to extract symmetrical components and harmonics from three-phase current signals using digital filters.
2. The software was tested on simulated power systems under balanced, unbalanced, fault, and harmonic conditions and was able to satisfactorily extract the symmetrical components and harmonics.
3. Examples are provided to demonstrate the software's ability to extract symmetrical components and harmonics from simulated three-phase systems under various balanced and unbalanced conditions, as well as during different fault scenarios.
Comparison of PWM Techniques and Selective Harmonic Elimination for 3-Level I...IJERA Editor
In this paper comparison of Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE) method with different Pulse Width
Modulation (PWM) technique which are used as gate pulse for firing the IGBT‟s. Higher order harmonics are
easily eliminated by selecting a proper tuned value filters but lower order harmonics such as 3rd, 5th, 7th, and
9th are not easily eliminated. This paper includes Newton- Rapson method with random initial guess is used for
SHE reduction and shows where the solution can exit by solving transcendental non linear equations. With the
use of this method lower order harmonics as well as Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) will get reduce. In this
paper a cascaded H-bridge Multilevel Inverter using MATLAB/Simulink blocks is presented.
An Unmanned Rotorcraft System with Embedded DesignIOSR Journals
This document describes the design and implementation of an embedded control system for an unmanned rotorcraft. It uses a backstepping control law with state estimation provided by an extended Kalman filter using data from a marker-based vision system and inertial measurement unit. A self-organizing map is used to select local operating regimes for modeling the nonlinear dynamics. The control algorithm was tested in a hardware-in-the-loop simulation and able to track spiral paths in 3D space with the embedded controller implemented on a Freescale MPC555 processor.
Codec Scheme for Power Optimization in VLSI InterconnectsIJEEE
This document summarizes a research paper that presents a codec scheme to optimize power in VLSI interconnects using bus encoding. The scheme detects different types of crosstalk couplings between wires and encodes the data to reduce switching activity. It was implemented using Cadence tools in 0.18um technology. Simulation results found a maximum power of 6.44uW for an input combination, showing a 38.89% power reduction over previous work. The scheme models the full custom design approach instead of semi-custom.
Modelling of a 3-Phase Induction Motor under Open-Phase Fault Using Matlab/Si...IJPEDS-IAES
The d-q model of Induction Motors (IMs) has been effectively used as an
efficient method to analyze the performance of the induction machines. This
study presents a step by step Matlab/Simulink implementation
of a star-connected 3-phase IM under open-phase fault (faulty 3-phase IM)
using d-q model. The presented technique in this paper can be simply
implemented in one block and can be made available for control purposes.
The simulated results provide to show the behavior of the star-connected 3-phase IM under open-phase fault condition.
This document proposes using continuous wavelet transform (CWT) with a complex Morlet wavelet to detect low frequency oscillations in a power system. CWT is applied to signals measured from a two-area four-machine power system model. The results extract the frequency and damping of inter-area oscillations, which closely match those obtained from eigenvalue analysis. This demonstrates CWT as an effective technique for identifying low frequency oscillations in power systems.
Decoupled Inverter Fed - Open end Winding Induction Motor Drive for Three Le...IJMER
An open-end winding induction motor, fed by two 2-level inverters connected at either end
produces space vector locations, identical to those of a conventional 3-level inverter. In this paper, two
switching algorithms are proposed to implement space vector PWM for the dual inverter scheme. The
proposed algorithms do not employ any look-up tables. The time consuming task of sector identification
is altogether avoided in both these algorithms. The proposed algorithms employ only the instantaneous
reference phase voltages for the implementation of the space vector PWM. An equal switching duty for
both the inverters is also ensured with one of the proposed PWM strategies. Also, it is observed that the
speed torque and voltages in motor phases is significantly reduced with the proposed PWM strategies.
Design & characterization of high speed power efficient cmos comparatorIAEME Publication
In this paper authors have design the High Speed Power Efficient CMOS Voltage
Comparator which can be realized in A/D Converters. The simulation is carried out in 130nm
and 90nm technologies. The supply voltage for this comparator is 1v and 0.9v for 130nm and
90nm respectively. The Characterization of comparator is done in terms of offset, ICMR,
propagation delay, power dissipation in both the technologies and the result has been
compared for both the technologies. The simulation results shows that the speed of 1.92GHz
and 2.44GHz with the power dissipation of 9.19µW and 7.45µW was achieved in 130nm and
90nm technologies respectively.
A Novel Optimal PI Parameter Tuning Strategy to Improve Constant Switching Pe...IJPEDS-IAES
This paper presents a novel method of optimal Propotional-Intergral (PI)
controller’s parameter tuning strategy in-order to improve the constant
switching performance of 3-phase direct torque control (DTC) shceme. The
DTC sheme is acknowledged to provide fast decoupled control over the
torque output and stator flux via a simple control structure. However, DTC
sheme has two major downsides, which are the inconsistent inverter
switching frequency and high torque output ripple. The main reason that
contributes to these tribulations is the usage of hysteresis comparators in
order to control the output torque. The realization of PI based controller
method as replacement of hyterisis controller in DTC system able to provide
significant solutions to over come the fall back while retaining the simple
control structure of conventional DTC. The combination usage of higher
sampling controller DS1004 and also 3-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel
inverters (CHMI) in this system can further minimize the output torque ripple
by providing higher resolution with lower digital error and greater number of
vectors. This paper presents detail explanation and calculation of optimal PI
parameter tuning strategy consecutively to enhance the performance of 3-
level DTC system. In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed method
experimentation, the proposed method is compared with convention DTC
system via simulation and experiment results.
Simulation and Hardware Implementation of Shunt Active Power Filter Based on ...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This paper describes about the Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) for the elimination of the current harmonics in the line side. The Active Power Filter is based on the Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) topology. The Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) theory based control strategy is utilized for SAPF. The SAPF has the better performance for compensation of harmonics. The simulation of shunt active power filter is performed in MATLAB/Simulink. The SAPF is implemented in hardware protptype with ATMEGA 8 Microcontroller. The Simulation and Hardware result shows that the current harmonics are eliminated in the system.
Performance Evaluation of a Three Phase Nine Level Inverter with Reduced Swit...Scientific Review
This paper presents a three phase nine level cascaded H-bridge (CHB) multilevel inverter with RL load. A sinusoidal and trapezoidal PWM method is used to achieve minimum total harmonics distortion (THD) in the output current of multilevel inverters. The analysis of the output current harmonics is carried out and compared with the seven level conventional cascaded H-bridge inverters. The proposed inverter is verified through simulation and the simulation results are compared with the conventional multilevel inverter. From the result the proposed inverter offers much less total harmonic distortion.
Implementation of Space Vector PWM for Hybrid DSTATCOMIRJET Journal
This document discusses the implementation of space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) for a hybrid distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM). SVPWM is considered superior to other PWM techniques for DSTATCOM as it allows for better utilization of the DC bus voltage. The paper proposes a DSTATCOM topology using a three-phase voltage source inverter with an LCL filter. It describes the SVPWM technique which aims to generate the desired output voltage vector from the inverter's six active state vectors and two null state vectors. Simulation results show that SVPWM improves current compensation and reduces harmonic distortion compared to an uncompensated system.
This document summarizes a research paper on simulating a 4-switch, 3-phase inverter for driving an induction motor. It begins with an abstract that outlines using a lower-cost 4-switch inverter instead of a conventional 6-switch design. It then provides details on the drive system components, including the rectifier, inverter, motor, and space vector pulse width modulation control approach. Simulation results are presented showing the speed and torque characteristics of the induction motor driven by the 4-switch inverter. The paper concludes that the proposed 4-switch inverter drive system provides cost savings and acceptable performance for industrial applications.
Enhanced Performance of Matrix Converter using Adaptive Computing TechniquesIJERA Editor
This document discusses improving the performance of a matrix converter for supplying power to linear loads under different grid conditions. It describes the operating principle and Venturini modulation method of a matrix converter. Various controllers - PI, fuzzy logic, adaptive fuzzy, and ANFIS - are implemented in simulations to minimize harmonic distortion in the linear load current. The results show that the ANFIS controller provides the best performance with the lowest total harmonic distortion, indicating it is most effective at optimizing the quality of power supplied by the matrix converter under both balanced and distorted grid conditions.
Modelling and Simulation of Three Level VSI-Neutral Point Balancing -Fed AC D...IJERA Editor
Multilevel inverter topology has developed recently as a very important alternative in the area of high power
medium voltage energy control. In multilevel inverter, thethree basic types of topologies used are diode clamped
inverter (neutral point clamped), capacitorclamped (flying capacitor) and cascaded multi cell with separate dc
sources. Multilevel inverters are used in medium voltage and high power applications with less harmonic
contents. This paper proposes a software implementation of neutral point clamped (NPC) three level voltage
source inverter using space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) techniques. The inverter feeds an
electrical system which is controlled by field oriented control (FOC).The improvement of the control technique
is achieved using intelligence techniques. The operation of the electrical system is verified in steady state and
transient state responses. This software implementation is performed by using matlab/Simulink software. This
paper gives comparison between SVPWM three phase three level with neutral point clamped and without
neutral point clamped. Finally, the comparative study of different techniques was implemented.
Wavelet Based Fault Detection, Classification in Transmission System with TCS...IJERA Editor
This paper presents simulation results of the application of distance relays for the protection of transmission systems employing flexible alternating current transmission controllers such as Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC). The complete digital simulation of TCSC within a transmission system is performed in the MATLAB/Simulink environment using the Power System Block set (PSB). This paper presents an efficient method based on wavelet transforms both fault detection and classification which is almost independent of fault impedance, fault location and fault inception angle of transmission line fault currents with FACTS controllers.
Harmonic elimination at the fundamental frequency is very much appropriate for high and medium range of power generation and applications. This paper considers a new technique for selective harmonic elimination (SHE), in which the total harmonic distortion (THD) is minimized when compared with that of the conventional one. With this technique, the harmonics at lower order are eliminated, which are more predominant than the higher ones.Cascaded H-Bridge inverter fed by a single DC is considered which is simulated with the switching angles generated by both the conventional method of SHE and the new method of SHE. The simulated results of the load voltage and the waveforms of the harmonic analysis are shown. The THD values are compared for the two techniques. The experimental results are also shown for the new technique. The switching angles are generated with the help of field programmable gated array (FPGA) in the hardware. The value of experimental THD of voltage is compared with that of simulated THD and the comparison prove that the results are satisfactory.
Comparative Study of the Success of PI and PI-Fuzzy Controller for Induction ...inventionjournals
Asynchronous motors have a wide range of applications in the industry.Therefore, speed control of asynchronous motors is of great importance.Speed control of asynchronous motors based on vector control techniques to achieve high performance.The vector control technique, motor flux and moment variables can be controlled independently of each other.Because of the nonlinear and complex model of asynchronous motors, the speed control applications of these motors are not provided with great efficiency by classical control methods.Fuzzy logic controllers (FLC), which were successful in many areas, present great performance in speed control of an asynchronous motor.In this study, a simulation study regarding speed control of a threephase squirrel cage asynchronous motor was carried out with a PI-Fuzzy type FLC and a conventional PI type controller.The data obtained by simulation are evaluated and the performances of the control methods are compared.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Total Harmonic Distortion of Dodecagonal Space Vector ModulationIJPEDS-IAES
Space vector modulation technique is one of the best PWM techniques which have been implemented to the Multilevel inverter circuit to get the purely sinusoidal cuurent. This is a important algorithm which is implemented in open wind induction motor. This type of I.M has great impact on Electric Drive system. SVM is nothing but the technique of switching algorithm. The Hexagonal space vector modulation has been implemented before, but elimination of higher order harmonics is not possible. Torque pulsation arises. Speed control of Induction motor was not smooth. So Dodecagonal (12) structure developed. A 12 side polygonal space vector structure is meant for eliminating (6n±1) harmonics in the phase current waveform throughout the modulating range. A high resolution of PWM technique is proposed involving multiple 12 sided polygonal (Dodecagonal) structure that can generate highly sinusoidal voltage at a reduced switching frequency. In this paper different values of frequencies have been taken for harmonic analysis. SVM method features a higher level of dc-bus voltage utilization compared to the conventional PWM.
Simplified Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation based on Switching Schemes wit...IJECEIAES
This paper presents a simplified control strategy of spacevector pulse width modulation technique with a three segment switching sequence and seven segment switching sequence for high power applications of multilevel inverters. In the proposed method, the inverter switching sequences are optimized for minimization of device switching frequency and improvement of harmonic spectrum by using the three most desired switching states and one suitable redundant state for each space vector. The proposed threesegment sequence is compared with conventional seven-segment sequence for five level Cascaded H-Bridge inverter with various values of switching frequencies including very low frequency. The output spectrum of the proposed sequence design shows the reduction of device switching frequency, current and line voltage THD, thereby minimizing the filter size requirement of the inverter, employed in industrial applications, where sinusoidal output voltage is required.
The Nine-Switch Inverter(NSI) is a recently developed dual output converter. It can be used to drive two three-phase loads independently. As a substitute to two separate conventional voltage source inverters, the NSI has been, already, proposed in various industrial applications to reduce the numberof semiconductor switches and its associated energy losses and drive circuitry. On the other hand, the Direct Torque Control(DTC) is a robust control scheme of AC motors, which consist of selecting proper state vectors of a conventional voltage source inverter. The NSI, having a different working principle from the conventional voltage source inverter and taking into account the varying influence of active space vectors on motor’s torque and stator flux, a Direct Torque Control is suggested in this paper to, efficiently, drive two induction motors independently, while minimizing the torque and stator flux ripples of both motors. Simulations results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. In addition, application of this newly proposed control scheme in operation of an Electric Vehicule (EV) is demonstrated.
A Distinctive Scheme for Extraction of Symmetrical Components along with Harm...IOSR Journals
1. The document describes a software program developed in C++ Builder to extract symmetrical components and harmonics from three-phase current signals using digital filters.
2. The software was tested on simulated power systems under balanced, unbalanced, fault, and harmonic conditions and was able to satisfactorily extract the symmetrical components and harmonics.
3. Examples are provided to demonstrate the software's ability to extract symmetrical components and harmonics from simulated three-phase systems under various balanced and unbalanced conditions, as well as during different fault scenarios.
Comparison of PWM Techniques and Selective Harmonic Elimination for 3-Level I...IJERA Editor
In this paper comparison of Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE) method with different Pulse Width
Modulation (PWM) technique which are used as gate pulse for firing the IGBT‟s. Higher order harmonics are
easily eliminated by selecting a proper tuned value filters but lower order harmonics such as 3rd, 5th, 7th, and
9th are not easily eliminated. This paper includes Newton- Rapson method with random initial guess is used for
SHE reduction and shows where the solution can exit by solving transcendental non linear equations. With the
use of this method lower order harmonics as well as Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) will get reduce. In this
paper a cascaded H-bridge Multilevel Inverter using MATLAB/Simulink blocks is presented.
An Unmanned Rotorcraft System with Embedded DesignIOSR Journals
This document describes the design and implementation of an embedded control system for an unmanned rotorcraft. It uses a backstepping control law with state estimation provided by an extended Kalman filter using data from a marker-based vision system and inertial measurement unit. A self-organizing map is used to select local operating regimes for modeling the nonlinear dynamics. The control algorithm was tested in a hardware-in-the-loop simulation and able to track spiral paths in 3D space with the embedded controller implemented on a Freescale MPC555 processor.
Codec Scheme for Power Optimization in VLSI InterconnectsIJEEE
This document summarizes a research paper that presents a codec scheme to optimize power in VLSI interconnects using bus encoding. The scheme detects different types of crosstalk couplings between wires and encodes the data to reduce switching activity. It was implemented using Cadence tools in 0.18um technology. Simulation results found a maximum power of 6.44uW for an input combination, showing a 38.89% power reduction over previous work. The scheme models the full custom design approach instead of semi-custom.
Modelling of a 3-Phase Induction Motor under Open-Phase Fault Using Matlab/Si...IJPEDS-IAES
The d-q model of Induction Motors (IMs) has been effectively used as an
efficient method to analyze the performance of the induction machines. This
study presents a step by step Matlab/Simulink implementation
of a star-connected 3-phase IM under open-phase fault (faulty 3-phase IM)
using d-q model. The presented technique in this paper can be simply
implemented in one block and can be made available for control purposes.
The simulated results provide to show the behavior of the star-connected 3-phase IM under open-phase fault condition.
This document proposes using continuous wavelet transform (CWT) with a complex Morlet wavelet to detect low frequency oscillations in a power system. CWT is applied to signals measured from a two-area four-machine power system model. The results extract the frequency and damping of inter-area oscillations, which closely match those obtained from eigenvalue analysis. This demonstrates CWT as an effective technique for identifying low frequency oscillations in power systems.
Decoupled Inverter Fed - Open end Winding Induction Motor Drive for Three Le...IJMER
An open-end winding induction motor, fed by two 2-level inverters connected at either end
produces space vector locations, identical to those of a conventional 3-level inverter. In this paper, two
switching algorithms are proposed to implement space vector PWM for the dual inverter scheme. The
proposed algorithms do not employ any look-up tables. The time consuming task of sector identification
is altogether avoided in both these algorithms. The proposed algorithms employ only the instantaneous
reference phase voltages for the implementation of the space vector PWM. An equal switching duty for
both the inverters is also ensured with one of the proposed PWM strategies. Also, it is observed that the
speed torque and voltages in motor phases is significantly reduced with the proposed PWM strategies.
Design & characterization of high speed power efficient cmos comparatorIAEME Publication
In this paper authors have design the High Speed Power Efficient CMOS Voltage
Comparator which can be realized in A/D Converters. The simulation is carried out in 130nm
and 90nm technologies. The supply voltage for this comparator is 1v and 0.9v for 130nm and
90nm respectively. The Characterization of comparator is done in terms of offset, ICMR,
propagation delay, power dissipation in both the technologies and the result has been
compared for both the technologies. The simulation results shows that the speed of 1.92GHz
and 2.44GHz with the power dissipation of 9.19µW and 7.45µW was achieved in 130nm and
90nm technologies respectively.
A Novel Optimal PI Parameter Tuning Strategy to Improve Constant Switching Pe...IJPEDS-IAES
This paper presents a novel method of optimal Propotional-Intergral (PI)
controller’s parameter tuning strategy in-order to improve the constant
switching performance of 3-phase direct torque control (DTC) shceme. The
DTC sheme is acknowledged to provide fast decoupled control over the
torque output and stator flux via a simple control structure. However, DTC
sheme has two major downsides, which are the inconsistent inverter
switching frequency and high torque output ripple. The main reason that
contributes to these tribulations is the usage of hysteresis comparators in
order to control the output torque. The realization of PI based controller
method as replacement of hyterisis controller in DTC system able to provide
significant solutions to over come the fall back while retaining the simple
control structure of conventional DTC. The combination usage of higher
sampling controller DS1004 and also 3-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel
inverters (CHMI) in this system can further minimize the output torque ripple
by providing higher resolution with lower digital error and greater number of
vectors. This paper presents detail explanation and calculation of optimal PI
parameter tuning strategy consecutively to enhance the performance of 3-
level DTC system. In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed method
experimentation, the proposed method is compared with convention DTC
system via simulation and experiment results.
Simulation and Hardware Implementation of Shunt Active Power Filter Based on ...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This paper describes about the Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) for the elimination of the current harmonics in the line side. The Active Power Filter is based on the Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) topology. The Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) theory based control strategy is utilized for SAPF. The SAPF has the better performance for compensation of harmonics. The simulation of shunt active power filter is performed in MATLAB/Simulink. The SAPF is implemented in hardware protptype with ATMEGA 8 Microcontroller. The Simulation and Hardware result shows that the current harmonics are eliminated in the system.
Performance Evaluation of a Three Phase Nine Level Inverter with Reduced Swit...Scientific Review
This paper presents a three phase nine level cascaded H-bridge (CHB) multilevel inverter with RL load. A sinusoidal and trapezoidal PWM method is used to achieve minimum total harmonics distortion (THD) in the output current of multilevel inverters. The analysis of the output current harmonics is carried out and compared with the seven level conventional cascaded H-bridge inverters. The proposed inverter is verified through simulation and the simulation results are compared with the conventional multilevel inverter. From the result the proposed inverter offers much less total harmonic distortion.
Implementation of Space Vector PWM for Hybrid DSTATCOMIRJET Journal
This document discusses the implementation of space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) for a hybrid distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM). SVPWM is considered superior to other PWM techniques for DSTATCOM as it allows for better utilization of the DC bus voltage. The paper proposes a DSTATCOM topology using a three-phase voltage source inverter with an LCL filter. It describes the SVPWM technique which aims to generate the desired output voltage vector from the inverter's six active state vectors and two null state vectors. Simulation results show that SVPWM improves current compensation and reduces harmonic distortion compared to an uncompensated system.
This document summarizes a research paper on simulating a 4-switch, 3-phase inverter for driving an induction motor. It begins with an abstract that outlines using a lower-cost 4-switch inverter instead of a conventional 6-switch design. It then provides details on the drive system components, including the rectifier, inverter, motor, and space vector pulse width modulation control approach. Simulation results are presented showing the speed and torque characteristics of the induction motor driven by the 4-switch inverter. The paper concludes that the proposed 4-switch inverter drive system provides cost savings and acceptable performance for industrial applications.
Simulation Of A 4-Switch,3-Phase Inverter Fed Induction Motor (IM) Drive Systemijiert bestjournal
This document summarizes a research paper on simulating a 4-switch, 3-phase inverter driving an induction motor. It begins with an abstract describing the research goal of developing a more cost-effective induction motor drive using a 4-switch inverter instead of a conventional 6-switch inverter. It then provides details on the drive system components, the 4-switch inverter topology, a space vector pulse width modulation control approach, and simulation results showing the speed, torque and current characteristics meeting performance needs while reducing costs. The conclusion is that the 4-switch inverter fed induction motor drive is acceptable considering cost reduction without compromising operation.
This document presents a comparative study of five-level and seven-level diode-clamped inverters controlled by space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM). MATLAB/SIMULINK models of the two inverter topologies were developed. SVPWM control algorithms based on symmetrical sequence were used for each inverter. Both inverters were simulated driving an induction motor. The results showed that the seven-level inverter produced less harmonic distortion and torque fluctuations in the motor, while the five-level inverter had lower commutation losses. The seven-level inverter provided better motor dynamic response.
Dual inverter fed induction motor drives provide more advantages in contrast with other multilevel inverter drives. Coupled PWM techniques provide good standard of output voltage than the decoupled PWM techniques for dual inverter configuration. In this paper analysis of open end winding induction motor by coupled random PWM signals and decoupled SVPWM signals was carried out. Induction motor by random PWM technique generate low acoustic noise and electromagnetic interference to near by systems. The performance evaluation of the drive wss implemented in MATLAB/simulink and the results were presented.
Performance Analysis Of Induction Motor For Voltage Mode And Current Mode Con...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the performance analysis of an induction motor using voltage mode and current mode control. It compares hysteresis current control and space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM). Hysteresis control directly limits current peaks but SVPWM provides higher voltage output and lower harmonic distortion. The document simulates an induction motor drive using SVPWM-based hysteresis current control in MATLAB. Key steps include Clark transformation to generate reference signals, switching between active and zero vectors to synthesize the reference signal, and using hysteresis control to generate PWM signals from current errors. Simulation results show the SVPWM controller provides good speed and current regulation for the induction motor.
DESIGNING A LARGE AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRIC VEHICLE BY USING T TYPE MULTILEVEL INVE...IRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed design for an electric vehicle that uses a T-type multilevel inverter with space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM). A bidirectional DC-DC converter is used to regulate the voltage supplied to the inverter. A general SVPWM algorithm is presented that is based on a two-level inverter approach, making it simple to implement for multilevel inverters of any level. Simulation results show the system successfully controls motor current, speed, and total harmonic distortion while allowing regenerative braking. The design aims to improve reliability, reduce size and costs compared to traditional voltage source inverters.
Multiphase Transformer Modelling using Finite Element MethodIAES-IJPEDS
In the year of 1970 saw the starting invention of the five-phase motor as the milestone in advanced electric motor. Through the years, there are many researchers, which passionately worked towards developing for multiphase drive system. They developed a static transformation system to obtain a multiphase supply from the available three-phase supply. This idea gives an influence for further development in electric machines as an example; an efficient solution for bulk power transfer. This paper highlighted the detail descriptions that lead to five-phase supply with fixed voltage and frequency by using Finite-Element Method (FEM). Identifying of specification on a real transformer had been done before applied into software modeling. Therefore, Finite-Element Method provides clearly understandable in terms of visualize the geometry modeling, connection scheme and output waveform.
This paper presents new modified space vector pulse width modulation techniques (Phase disposition-Space vector pulse width modulation, Alternative Phase Opposition disposition- Space vector pulse width modulation and Phase Opposition disposition-Space vector pulse width modulation) are analyzed for three-phase cascaded multi-level inverter fed induction motor from the point of view of the Phase voltages, line voltage, stator current,speed,torque and Total harmonic distortion.in the proposed modified technique the reference signals are generated by adding offset voltage to the reference phase voltages.This modified SVPWM technique does not involve region indentification,sector identification for switching vector determination as are required in the conventional multi level SVPWM technique,it is also reduces the computation time compared to the conventional space vector PWM technique.The necessary calculations for generation of new modified SVPWM for the modulation strategies have presented in detail. It is observed that the modified SVPWM modulation ensures excellent, close to optimized pulse distribution results and THD is compared to for five-level, seven-level, nine-level and eleven-level Cascaded H-Bride Multi-level Inverter fed to Induction motor. Theoretical investigations were confirmed by the digital simulations using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
3.[14 28]space vector based dual zero-vector random centered distribution pwm...Alexander Decker
This document presents a novel dual zero-vector random centered distribution PWM (DZRCDPWM) algorithm for direct torque controlled induction motor drive to reduce acoustic noise. The proposed algorithm uses two zero voltage vectors (V0 and V7) and selects one randomly based on the operating modulation index. Simulation results show the DZRCDPWM algorithm reduces acoustic noise harmonics compared to the conventional SVPWM algorithm by distributing the pulse patterns randomly. The DZRCDPWM provides better performance over the entire modulation index range for induction motor drive control with reduced acoustic noise.
11.space vector based dual zero vector random centered distribution pwm algor...Alexander Decker
This document presents a novel dual zero-vector random centered distribution PWM (DZRCDPWM) algorithm for direct torque controlled induction motor drive to reduce acoustic noise. The proposed algorithm uses two zero voltage vectors (V0 and V7) and selects one randomly based on the operating modulation index. Simulation results show the DZRCDPWM algorithm reduces acoustic noise harmonics compared to the conventional SVPWM algorithm by distributing the pulse patterns randomly. The DZRCDPWM provides better performance over the entire modulation index range for induction motor drive control with reduced acoustic noise.
Analysis and Implementation of Unipolar PWM Strategies for Three Phase Cascad...IJAAS Team
This paper presents unipolar pulse width modulation technique with sinusoidal sampling pulse width modulation are analyzed for three-phase five-level, seven-level, nine-level and eleven-level cascaded multi-level inverter. The unipolar PWM method offers a good opportunity for the realization of the Three-phase inverter control, it is better to use the unipolar PWM method with single carrier wave compared to two reference waves. In such case the motor harmonic losses will be considerably lower.The necessary calculations for generation of unipolar pulse width modulation strategies have presented in detail. The unipolar SPWM voltage switching scheme is selected in this paper because this method offers the advantages of effectively doubling the switching frequency of the inverter voltage. The cascaded multi level inverter fed induction motor is simulated and compared the total harmonic distroction for all level (five-level, seven-level, nine-level and elevel-level)of the inverter. Theoretical investigations were confirmed by the digital simulations using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
Performance of a voltage source inverter depends on pulse width modulation algorithms. Various algorithms exist for conventional space vector as well as space vector based bus clamped pulse width modulation for multilevel inverter in the literature. In this paper appropriate region selection algorithm for conventional space vector pulse width modulation (CSVPWM) and bus clamped pulse width modulation (BCPWM) techniques are proposed for diode clamped three level voltage source inverter. The proposed techniques are implemented on a three level voltage source inverter fed induction motor drive for open loop operation. The schemes are simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK environments. The merit of proposed region selection algorithm is tested and verified through simulation result. Further performance comparisons between SVPWM and BCPWM for different modulation index are discussed.
Simulation and Performance of AC Drives Using SVPWM Techniquerahulmonikasharma
Drives are mainly categorized into constant-speed and variable-speed drives. AC machines have been used in constant-speed applications, where as DC machines were preferred for variable speed drives. Due to the advancement in power semiconductor devices and microprocessors, AC machines are widely used in variable speed drives. This paper focuses on the simulation and performance evaluation for an ac drive system with Induction motor and PMSM Motor. The focus was based on the simulation of the power circuits using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The performance of inverter was studied by SVPWM technique. Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) is a digital technique, which increases the output voltage capability and increases DC bus utilization voltage. The performance of an ac drive system was simulated and evaluated for variable speed operation from no load to rated speed under constant torque operation. The advantages and disadvantages of Induction motor and PMSM are analyzed and presented in this paper.
Implementation of d space controlled dpwm basedeSAT Journals
Abstract The paper presents dSPACE controlled Induction motor drive fed through Discontinuous pulse width modulation (DPWM) algorithm based voltage source inverter. Two important performance measuring factors harmonic distortion in line current and dc bus utilization of the inverter can be improved with Discontinuous PWM approach in comparison with the popular conventional space vector (CSVPWM) approach; the paper contemplates on the implementation of DPWM algorithm for pulse generation which in turn are fed to intelligent power module that feeds the motor drive through DS1104 PPC603e / 250 MHz control desk. The results conclude the successful implementation of dSPACE Controlled induction motor drive. To validate the proposed work, numerical simulation including the experimental results is presented. Keywords:-DPWM, dSPACE, RTI
This document presents an implementation of space vector modulation (SVM) for a two-level three-phase inverter using a dSPACE DS1104 controller. It describes the principles of SVM, including voltage vector modeling, sector detection, and pulse generation. Hardware experiments were conducted to validate a SVM control algorithm developed in Simulink. Results showed line voltages from the real hardware matched simulation. THD comparisons confirmed SVM provides lower distortion and higher fundamental output than sinusoidal PWM. The dSPACE system allows real-time testing of control algorithms on actual hardware.
IRJET - Comparison of Different Third Harmonic Injected PWM Strategies for 5-...IRJET Journal
This document compares three third harmonic injected PWM strategies for controlling a 5-level diode clamped inverter: THI-IPD, THI-APOD, and THI-POD. It discusses the inverter topology, describes how a third harmonic is added to the reference signal to increase the fundamental component, and outlines the three modulation strategies. Simulation and experimental results are presented to compare the performance of the strategies in terms of output voltage quality.
A Sub-Region Based Space Vector Modulation Scheme for Dual 2-Level Inverter S...IJECEIAES
This paper deals the implementation of 3-level output voltage using dual 2level inverter with control of sub-region based Space Vector Modulation (SR-SVM). Switching loss and voltage stress are the most important issues in multilevel inverters, for keep away from these problems dual inverter system executed. Using this proposed system, the conventional 3-level inverter voltage vectors and switching vectors can be located. In neutral point clamped multilevel inverter, it carries more load current fluctuations due to the DC link capacitors and it requires large capacitors. Based on the subregion SVM used to control IGBT switches placed in the dual inverter system. The proposed system improves the output voltage with reduced harmonic content with improved dc voltage utilisation. The simulation and hardware results are verified using matlab/simulink and dsPIC microcontroller.
Fast svm based 3 phase cascaded five level invertereSAT Journals
Abstract Introduction of nearest three vector algorithm is a major achievement in the area of space vector technology. Complexity and severe computations are still the drawbacks of SVM methods mainly for multilevel inverter applications. A fast SVM technique is introduced in this project which allows the calculation of switch time duration and the efficient determination of switching times based on the two level inverter scheme. SVM modulating waves are generated based on the two level system and then this modulating waves are compared with required number of carrier signals in order to generate the switching pulses for the inverter. Four triangular carrier signals are needed for a five level system in order to generate the switching pulses. Coordinates of the nearest three voltage vectors is not needed, so the complexity of the SVM technique can be reduced and it is the major advantage of the proposed technique compared with conventional SVM techniques used for multilevel inverters. A three phase five level cascaded H bridge topology is used here to verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique. MATLAB simulation and hardware implementation of the proposed system is done. From the analysis of both simulation and hardware it is clear that proposed SVM technique have more fundamental output and less THD than sinusoidal PWM technique. Key Words: Cascaded H bridge, Multilevel, Modulating wave, Space vector
An Implementation Mechanisms of SVM Control Strategies Applied to Five Levels...IJPEDS-IAES
In the area of the energy control with high voltage and power, the multilevel inverters constitute a relatively recent research orientation. The current applications of this technology are in the domains of the high voltage (over hundred kV), variable speed drives, transport and distribution of a good quality of electrical energy (HVDC, FACTS system, ....). To improve the output voltage for such inverters, many different modulation strategies have been developed. Among these strategies, the SVM (Space Vector Modulation). The technique provide the nearest switching vectors sequence to the reference vector without involving trigonometric functions and provide the additional advantages of superior harmonic quality. In this paper, we analyze different mechanisms of the output voltage synthesis and the problem of even order harmonic production. With the proposed a new trajectory SVM, which can eliminate all the even order harmonics for five levels inverter. Show clearly how to deduce the trajectories from the sequences allowing to have better performances among several possible trajectories. It is dedicated to the application of two particular trajectories.
Similar to RANDOM PULSEWIDTH MODULATION TECHNIQUE FOR A 4-LEVEL INVERTER (20)
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMHODECEDSIET
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.