The diesel engine was invented in the year 1893, by a young German Engineer, called Rudolf Diesel. But it was only nineteen years later, that the first Diesel locomotive came into existence.
The function of an Electronic ignition system is to produce the spark to ignite the air-fuel mixture in a timely manner for maintaining the effective combustion
The aim is to design and to develop an air brake system based on exhaust gas is called “fabrication of air brake system using engine exhaust gas”. The main aim of this project is to reduce the workloads of the engine drive to operate the air compressor, because here the compressor is not operated by the engine drive.
Here we are placing a turbine in the path of exhaust from the engine. The turbine e is connected to a dynamo by means of coupling, which is used to generate power. Depending upon the airflow the turbine will start rotating, and then the dynamo will also starts to rotate. A dynamo is a device which is used to convert the kinetic energy into electrical energy. The generated power can be stored in the battery and then this electric power has loaded to the D.C compressor. The air compressor compresses the atmospheric air and it stored in the air tank and the air tank has pressure relief valve to control the pressure in the tank . The air tank supplies the compressed pneumatic power to the pneumatic actuator through solenoid valve to apply brake. The pneumatic actuator is a double acting cylinder which converts hydraulic energy into linear moti on.
In this ppt I have given the mechanism, functions and working of the Crank Sliding Link Cylinder Mechanism, the images in gif have been given for the viewers to understand thoroughly the concept of this topic and disadvantages and calculation.
Automotive Systems course (Module 06) - Power Transmission Systems in road ve...Mário Alves
This presentation provides and overview of the most important power transmission systems, the ones that permit to transmit power to the wheels in any vehicle, maximizing engine power and torque. We organize the presentation according to the main components of any power transmission system: gear boxes, clutches and differentials.
The function of an Electronic ignition system is to produce the spark to ignite the air-fuel mixture in a timely manner for maintaining the effective combustion
The aim is to design and to develop an air brake system based on exhaust gas is called “fabrication of air brake system using engine exhaust gas”. The main aim of this project is to reduce the workloads of the engine drive to operate the air compressor, because here the compressor is not operated by the engine drive.
Here we are placing a turbine in the path of exhaust from the engine. The turbine e is connected to a dynamo by means of coupling, which is used to generate power. Depending upon the airflow the turbine will start rotating, and then the dynamo will also starts to rotate. A dynamo is a device which is used to convert the kinetic energy into electrical energy. The generated power can be stored in the battery and then this electric power has loaded to the D.C compressor. The air compressor compresses the atmospheric air and it stored in the air tank and the air tank has pressure relief valve to control the pressure in the tank . The air tank supplies the compressed pneumatic power to the pneumatic actuator through solenoid valve to apply brake. The pneumatic actuator is a double acting cylinder which converts hydraulic energy into linear moti on.
In this ppt I have given the mechanism, functions and working of the Crank Sliding Link Cylinder Mechanism, the images in gif have been given for the viewers to understand thoroughly the concept of this topic and disadvantages and calculation.
Automotive Systems course (Module 06) - Power Transmission Systems in road ve...Mário Alves
This presentation provides and overview of the most important power transmission systems, the ones that permit to transmit power to the wheels in any vehicle, maximizing engine power and torque. We organize the presentation according to the main components of any power transmission system: gear boxes, clutches and differentials.
DLW SUMMER TRAINING REPORT FOR ECE BRANCH SUBHAM SINGH
this report is very usful for student who are doing in a DLW summer training and also learns a lot of thing from this report .I have learnt a lot of things from DLW training and i feel lucky to this part of summer training in a DLW ,varanasi .And last things,I suggest to all of u ,please dont do training for attendance purpose ,honestly u should learn a lot of things which is better for ur future.DLW is an integrated plant and its manufacturing facilities are flexible in nature.
Over 90% of traffic accidents are caused by driver error; the safety potential of self – drive is well understood. When traffic accidents become rare, a motorcycle is as safe as an SUV. Vehicle weights could fall to the point that pod-cars weighing less than the riders are the preferred choice in the city. Since 65% of U.S. vehicle miles travelled (VMT) are urban, the ramifications are enormous.
Railway Electrification -
Electricity is used to eliminate smoke and take advantage of the high efficiency of electric motors; however, the cost of railway electrification means that usually only heavily-used lines can be electrified.
the power for electric locomotives can come from clean and/or renewable sources, including geothermalpower, hydroelectric power, nuclear power, solar power and wind turbines.
Electric locomotives benefit from the high efficiency of electric motors, often above 90%. Additional efficiency can be gained from regenerative braking, which allows kinetic energy to be recovered during braking to put some power back on the line. Newer electric locomotives use AC motor-inverter drive systems that provide for regenerative braking.
Thank you.
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Words are tool of expression, but they fail miserably when it
comes to thanks giving. My training at DIESEL SHED
ABUROAD was a unique experience for me. I initially
extend my kind acknowledgement to our ……………..& all
faculty members of ……college….for their generous support
and giving me useful opportunity to improve my practical
knowledge.
We are thankful to …………Senior Divisional Mechanical
Engineer (Sr.DME), who has given us this opportunity to join
this dynamic organization as a summer trainees.
We are thankful to all respondents & individuals who give
their valuable time to reply our questioner & educated us
about their organization.
3. History Of Diesel
Traction
Block Diagram of Locomotives
Design Of Locomotives
Electrical Transmission
Mechanical Transmission
Conclusion
4.
5. Diesel Traction - 1912
The diesel engine was invented in the year 1893, by a young
German Engineer, called Rudolf Diesel. But it was only
nineteen years later, that the first Diesel locomotive came
into existence.
Since then, diesel traction has grown from strength to
strength. Over 89,000 Diesel locomotives have been
built in the world so far, the General Motors, USA alone
contributing to as many as 56,000 Locomotives.
6. Designation of locomotives
First letter (gauge)
• W = Broad Gauge(167.6cm)
• Y = Meter Gauge (100cm)
• N = Narrow Gauge(61cm)
Second letter (power)
• D-diesel
• C- DC electric
• A-AC electric
Third letter (job type)
• G-goods
• P-passenger
• M- mixed
For diesel locomotives
• 3=3000<HP<4000
• 4=4000<HP<5000
• 5=5000<HP<6000
WDM-3A
7.
8. Locomotive Parts Main alternator
Auxiliary Alternator
Motor Blower
Rectifiers/Inverters
Electronic controls
Cab
Truck Frame
Traction Motor
Fuel Tank
Air Reservoirs
Air Compressor
Gear Box
Radiator and Radiator Fan
Turbo Charging
Sand Box
9. Electric transmission
The diesel-electric locomotive uses electric transmission,
where traction motors are provided on the axles to give the
final drive.
These motors were traditionally DC but the development of
modern power and control electronics has led to the
introduction of 3-phase AC motors.
Generally there are six motors on most diesel-electric
locomotives. A modern AC motor with air blowing can
provide up to 1,000 hp.
10. Diesel engine
This is the main power source for the locomotive.
The engines mostly used are V type.
As the transmission is electric, the engine is used as the power
source for the electricity generator or alternator, as it is called
nowadays.
11. Main alternator
The diesel engine drives the main alternator which provides the
power to move the train
The alternator generates AC electricity
which is used to provide power for the traction
motors mounted on the trucks.
In older locomotives, the alternator was a
DC machine, called a generator.
The development was the replacement of the generator by the
alternator but still we are using DC traction motors.
12. Why AC motors are replacing DC
motors.
They are simpler to construct, they require no mechanical
contacts to work (such as brushes) and they are lighter than DC
motors for equivalent power.
They are more robust and easier to
maintain than DC motors.
AC motors can be microprocessor
controlled to a fine degree and can regenerate
current down to almost a stop whereas DC regeneration fades
quickly at low speeds.
14. World’s Stock of Mainline Locomotives
86000 Diesel Locomotives
Europea
n Union
(13%)
Rest of
the
World
(42%)
India
(5%)
China
(10%)
North
America
(26%)
Latin
America
(4%)
27000 Electric Locomotives
Europea
n Union
(32%)
Rest of
the
world
(47%)
India
(10%)China
(`10%)
North
America
(0%)
Latin
Americ
a (1%)
Population of Diesel Locos in the World is 3.2 times that of the Electric locomotives
(Source: World Bank Railway Database 2000)
15. Electric Traction - 1881
After many decades of satisfactory performance, the steam
engines were to give way to more modern locomotives.
The year 1881 saw the birth of the first electric Railway run
by a German Engineer Werner Van Siemens using both the
rails to carry the current. Finding this a little too dangerous,
Siemens soon adopted the overhead electric wires.
Electric locomotives today raun on Rail roads in many
countries.
16. Most Popular way to travel in The India.
In Locomotives DC motor replace with AC motor
Easy Carry Of both Passengers and Goods
Now Electrical Traction will be Take over the
Diesel Traction.
17. References
www.railway-technical.com
Wikipedia – Locomotive types
Electrical Machine vol. 2 B.L. Thareja
Electrical Power: J.B. Gupta
Electric Machinery Fundamentals (Power &
Energy) Author: Stephen J. Chapman. Publisher
McGraw-Hill Science Engineering.