MRI anatomy of ankle radiology ppt pk is nice presentation that covers cross sectional anatomy as well as relevant anatomy from standard radiology book like CT MRI whole body by Hagga . cross section of mri is taken from mrimaster.com. This will help for radiology resident as well radiographers.
MRI anatomy of ankle radiology ppt pk is nice presentation that covers cross sectional anatomy as well as relevant anatomy from standard radiology book like CT MRI whole body by Hagga . cross section of mri is taken from mrimaster.com. This will help for radiology resident as well radiographers.
This presentation provides a comprehensive review of major sulci of brain which help in defining the different lobes of brain.Very useful for first year residents.
MRI - Imaging modality of first choice for depicting the anatomy and pathology of the brachial plexus.
MRI - very well demonstrate the anatomy due to its inherent contrast differences between the nerves with low signal intensity and the surrounding hyperintense fat on T1-weighted images.
Challenges:
Large field of view
Other heterogeneous tissue distribution including fat, muscles, and bones.
Cisterns of brain and its contents along with its classification and approach...Rajeev Bhandari
This presentation tell us about the basic of cistern , according to its classification both supra tentorial and infratentorial along with ventral and dorsal cistern. basically the cistern contains are well explained on this slide nerve , artery and vein. I hope it will help to rembember well about the contains of cistern and different location of cisterns.
This presentation provides a comprehensive review of major sulci of brain which help in defining the different lobes of brain.Very useful for first year residents.
MRI - Imaging modality of first choice for depicting the anatomy and pathology of the brachial plexus.
MRI - very well demonstrate the anatomy due to its inherent contrast differences between the nerves with low signal intensity and the surrounding hyperintense fat on T1-weighted images.
Challenges:
Large field of view
Other heterogeneous tissue distribution including fat, muscles, and bones.
Cisterns of brain and its contents along with its classification and approach...Rajeev Bhandari
This presentation tell us about the basic of cistern , according to its classification both supra tentorial and infratentorial along with ventral and dorsal cistern. basically the cistern contains are well explained on this slide nerve , artery and vein. I hope it will help to rembember well about the contains of cistern and different location of cisterns.
Anatomy of Cranial Nerve for BPT class.
Require 10 classes. Require help of brain specimen during the class. Testing of the nerves can also be taken together.
MRI offers a great aid in diagnosis of abnormal placentation. This presentation describes the normal MRI appearance of the placenta and the MRI signs of placental adhesion disorders.
Low back pain is a common health problem and imaging is pivotal in its assessment. Most lesions can be diagnosed by MRI. The nomenclature of disc lesions is also presented.
iodinated and gadolinium Contrast media are widely used in imaging. The radiologist and the physician should be familiar with the common side effects and the serious life threatening adverse reactions,
The solitary lung nodule. A diagnostic dilemma. hazem youssef
Incidentally discovered pulmonary nodule are a diagnostic challenge. This presentation is focused on the different features of lung nodules and their management.
Introduction to trauma imaging. Guidelines and highlights for different imagi...hazem youssef
Early imaging, rather than admission and observation for neurological deterioration, will reduce time to detection for life threatening complications and is associated with better outcomes
The implementation of MDCT in urological imaging has solved much of the diagnostic dilemma. Thanks to its multiplanar capabilities and post processing techniques.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
2. Introduction
There are twelve cranial nerves numbered in order
as they emerge from cranial to caudal in the brain.
These are: olfactory (I), optic (II), oculomotor (III),
trochlear (IV), trigeminal(V), abducens (VI), facial
(VII), vestibulocochlear(VIII), glosopharyngeal (IX),
vagus (X), accesory (XI) and hypoglossal(XII) nerves.
3. Imaging Protocol Recommendations
High-resolution 3-D T2-weighted steady-state free
precession sequences, represent the workhorse
of evaluating the cisternal CN segments and their
relationship to the adjacent vessels and, if present,
characterizing the neurovascular contact.
4. The Olfactory Nerve (CN I)
Olfactory nerve is not a true nerve but an extension of
the brain and provides the sense of smell. It is formed by
neurosensory cells placed in the epithelium of the nasal
vault, whose axons, fila olfactoria, traverse the cribiform
plate “transethmoidal segment”. This segment is followed
by an intracranial one in the olfactory sulcus. It can be
subdivided into olfactory bulb, tract and cortex.
5.
6. The Optic Nerve (CN II)
The optic nerve “like CNI” consists on the retinal
ganglion cell axons, being an extension of the brain
and therefore not a true nerve. Both are
myelinated by oligodendrocytes and not by
Schwann cells as the rest of the cranial nerves, and
are covered by meninges. Optic nerve comprises
four segments: intraocular, intraorbital, intra-
canalicular and intracranial segments.
7.
8.
9. The Oculomotor Nerve (CN III)
The oculomotor nerve is mixed (motor and parasympathetic) one. It
consist of four parts: intraaxial, cisternal, cavernous and extracranial
segments.
It emerges from the mesencephalon and courses anterolaterally
through the interpeduncular and prepontine cisterns. It passes
between the PCA (cranial) and SCA (caudal) arteries. Later on, it
pierces the dura and enters the roof of the cavernous sinus.
Cavernous segment:
It courses anteriorly through lateral dural wall of the cavernous sinus
being the most cranial nerve within the cavernous sinus.
Extracranial segment:
The oculomotor nerve enters the orbit through the superior orbital
fissure.
10.
11.
12. The Trochlear Nerve (CN IV)
It is a motor nerve which innervates the superior oblique muscle. Being
the smallest of all cranial nerves, it is difficult to identify with MRI. It is
divided into 4 segments: intraaxial, cisternal, cavernous and extracranial.
Intraaxial segment:
It is the only cranial nerve which emerges in the dorsal aspect of the
brainstem.
Cisternal segment:
The same as the III cranial nerve, but in a lower level, it goes between the
PCA above and the SCA below. It pierces the dura to enter the lateral wall
of the cavernous sinus, where it goes inferior to oculomotor nerve.
Cavernous segment.
Extracranial segment
The trochlear nerve enters the orbit through the superior orbital fissure
together with the III and VI cranial nerves.
13. The Trigeminal Nerve (CN V)
It is the biggest cranial nerve and is divided into a small motor root lateral to
the big sensory one.
Intraaxial segment:
The trigeminal nerve is formed by four nuclei, three sensory and one motor,
which are located in the brainstem and the upper cervical cord.
Preganglionic or cisternal segment:
The nerves emerge from both sides of the pons and courses through the
prepontine cistern. Then it enters the Meckel cave through the porus
trigeminus.
Interdural segment:
The Meckel cave is formed by the dura and is lined with the arachnoid.
The sensory root makes synapses with the trigeminal ganglion, also known as
Gasserian ganglion, which is located in the inferior aspect of the Meckel
cave.
14. Postganglionic divisions:
Ophthalmic nerve (V1)
It courses in the lateral cavernous sinus wall, below the oculomotor
and trochlear nerves. It exits the skull through superior orbital
fissure.
Maxillary nerve (V2)
Also it courses in the lateral cavernous sinus wall, below the
ophthalmic nerve. Later on, it goes through the foramen rotundum
and leads its way to the pterygopalatine fossa.
Mandibular nerve (V3)
It is formed by motor and sensory roots; the first one bypass the
trigeminal ganglion. Both together exit directly from Meckel cave
through foramen ovale into the masticator space, without passing
through the cavernous sinus
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21. The Abducent Nerve (CN VI)
It is a motor nerve for the lateral rectus muscle.
It has 5 segments:
Intraaxial segment:
Paired abducens nuclei are located anterior to the fourth ventricle.
Cisternal segment:
It emerges from the bulbopontine sulcus and travels anterosuperiorly
within the
Prepontine cistern.
Interdural segment:
The abducens nerve penetrates the dura to enter the Dorello canal, and
ascends to enter the cavernous sinus.
Cavernous segment:
The abducens nerve is the only nerve inside the cavernous sinus.
Extracranial segment:
It enters the orbit through the superior orbital fissure.
22.
23. The Facial Nerve (CN VII)
It is a mixed nerve: motor, parasympathetic and sensory
(taste).
INTRAAXIAL SEGMENT
This nerve has three nuclei: one motor and two sensory.
CISTERNAL SEGMENT
It emerges laterally in the pontomedullary junction to
enter cerebellopontine angle cistern.
24. Intratemporal segment:
The facial nerve in the temporal bone can be divided into four
segments:
IAC segment: it extents from the porus acusticus to the IAC
fundus. The IAC is divided into quadrants by the falciform
transverse crest and the Bill bar vertically. The facial nerve
occupies the anterosuperior quadrant.
Labyrinthine segment: connects fundal facial nerve to geniculate
ganglion (anterior genu).
Tympanic segment: between the anterior and posterior genu,
passing under lateral semicircular canal.
Mastoid segment: it exits this segment through the stylomastoid
foramen.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31. The Vestibulocochlear Nerve (CN VIII)
It is a sensory nerve of the balance (vestibular) and hearing
(cochlear).
COCHLEAR NERVE
It arises from neurons located in the spiral ganglion within the
modiolus of the cochlea.
The peripheral fibers travel to the organ of Corti, in the cochlear
duct within the cochlea, while the central fibers join to form the
auditory component of the VIII cranial nerve.
VESTIBULAR NERVE
It arises from neurons located in the vestibular (Scarpa) ganglion
located within the vestibular nerve in the fundal portion of the IAC,
not visible on imaging. Peripheral fibers pass to sensory epithelium
of utricle, saccule and semicircular canals. Central fibres join to form
superior and inferior vestibular nerves.
32.
33. The Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX)
This nerve is a mixed one, which carries the information of the taste to the
posterior 1/3 of the tongue, sensation to middle ear and pharynx,
parasympathetic fibers to the parotid gland, viscerosensory information to
carotid body and sinus and motor fibers to stylopharyngeus muscle. It can be
divided into four segments:
Intraaxial segment:
Glossopharyngeal nuclei are in upper and middle medulla.
Cisternal segment:
Exits lateral medulla in the postolivary sulcus, just above the vagus nerve.
Skull base segment:
Passes through the pars nervosa portion of the jugular foramen. The vagus
and accesory
nerves are posterior within the pars vascularis portion of the jugular foramen.
Extracranial segment:
Exits skull base through jugular foramen into anterior nasopharigneal carotid
space, where it is lateral to internal carotid artery.
34.
35.
36. The Vagus Nerve (CN X)
The vagus nerve has four components: parasympathetic, motor,
visceral and sensory ones. Four segments are noted:
Intraaxial segment:
Vagal nuclei are in the upper and middle medulla.
Cisternal segment:
It exits the lateral medulla through the postolivary sulcus, below the
glossopharyngeal nerve.
Skull base segment:
The vagus nerve travels in the pars vascularis portion of jugular
foramen.
Extracranial segment:
It exits the jugular foramen into nasopharyngeal carotid space and
descends along posterolateral aspect of the internal carotid artery
into the thorax.
37.
38. The Accessory Nerve (CN XI)
It is a motor cranial nerve supplying sternocleidomastoid
and trapezius muscles. Four segments are defined:
intraaxial, cisternal, skull base and extracranial.
Intraaxial segment:
Two different nuclei, the ambiguus and spinal nuclei arise
the bulbar and spinal fibers respectively. The bulbar
fibers exit the medulla inferior to vagus nerve while
spinal fibers emerge from lateral aspect of cervical spinal
cord, and then pass cranially through the foramen
magnum.
39. Cisternal segment:
Bulbar portion courses anterolaterally through the basal
cistern together with the ninth and tenth cranial nerves .
Finally, bulbar and spinal portions join together within
the lateral basal cistern.
Skull base segment:
The XI nerve are in the posterior aspect of the pars
vascularis portion of the jugular foramen.
Extracranial segment:
The accessory nerve exits the jugular foramen into
nasopharyngeal carotid space.
40.
41.
42. The Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)
It is a motor nerve to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of
the tongue.
Multiple rootlets emerge from the pre-olivary sulcus.
Hypoglossal rootlets within the medullary cistern lead
their way into the hypoglossal canal, where they fuse into
a single nerve root. After leaving the skull base segment
via the hypoglossal canal, the nerve in its extracranial
segment travels in the posterior aspect of the carotid
space.