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Quiz 1
The document covers various aspects of microbiology, including key figures like Antony van Leeuwenhoek and Edward Jenner, who contributed to the field through their discoveries in microscopy and vaccination. It discusses classifications of microorganisms, laboratory techniques, and the growth and reproduction of bacteria. Important topics include different types of culture media and their uses, as well as measurements and characteristics of bacteria.
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Quiz 1
- 1. (How Much) Do WeKnow ?
- 2. Q-1 • Who hada flair for working with lenses and discovered the basic instrument of microbiology • A. Robert Koch • B. Joseph Lister • C. Antony Van Leuuewenhoek • D. Christian Gram
- 3. Microscope • Antony vanleeuwenhoek – father of microbiology • Draper • Developed interest in lens making from glass and observing things through them • Little animalcules
- 7. Q-2 • Identify thegentleman
- 9. Vaccination • Milkmaids whohad occupational exposure to cow pox did not get small pox • Edward Jenner • observed that when extract from cowpox lesion was injected into a person unaffected by small pox, it gave immunity
- 10. Q-3 • Which branchof microbiology deals with blood grouping? • A. immunology • B. serology • C. Virulogy • D. Antigen-antibody reactions
- 11. Serology • Study ofthese antibodies and antigens in body fluids • Blood grouping
- 13. Q-4 • Which amongthe following statements is true? • A. Fungi are eukaryotes • B. viruses have cell wall • C. Bacteria have nucleus • D. Parasites are prokaryotes
- 14. Classification of Microorganisms • Classificationby structure • Subcellular – DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat – viruses • Prokaryotic – simple cell structure with no nucleus or organelles – bacteria • Eukaryotic – complex cell structure with nucleus and specialized organelles – protozoans, fungi, parasites
- 15. • Protozoans –single celled eukaryotes • Fungi – multicelled eukaryotes with cell wall • Parasites – multicelled eukaryotes without cell wall
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- 17. Q-5 • Which classof organism causes the following illness
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- 20. Protozoans • Single-celled eukaryoticorganisms, larger than bacteria • Found in soil and water • Illnesses • Malaria • Amebic dysentery • Trichomoniasis vaginitis • Leading cause of death in developing countries
- 21. Q-6 • What isthe type of culture seen in next picture used for?
- 23. • • • • A. B. C. D. Antibiotic Specificity Testing AntibodySensitivity testing Growing in pure culture Antibiotic sensitivity testing
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- 25. Q-7 • What isthe unit of measurement of a bacterium cell wall? • A. meter • B. Nanometer • C. Micrometer • D. centimeter
- 27. Size of Bacteria •Unit of measurement in bacteriology is the micron (micrometre, µm) • 1 micrometre (10-6)= 1/1000 mm = 1/10000 cm = 1/100000 metre • 1 nanometer (10-9)= 1/1000 micrometer = 1/100000000 meter • Bacteria of medical importance • 0.2 – 1.5 µm in diameter • 3 – 5 µm in length
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- 29. CELL WALL • Outermost layer,encloses cytoplasm 1.Confers shape and rigidity 2.10 - 25 nm thick 3.Composed of peptidoglycan
- 30. Q-8 • What isthe process of reproduction of bacteria known as? • A. replication • B. regeneration • C. duplication • D. Binary fission
- 31. Binary Fission • DNAreplication • Plasma membrane invaginate • Cell wall deposited in invaginated space • Cross wall completed • Cells separate
- 32. Binary Fission • Lightmicrograph
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- 34. Consequences of Binary Fission •Very large number of cells very fast • Mathematical progressions • arithmetic (1>2>4>6>8>10>12>14>16) • geometric(1>2>4>8>16) • exponential expression (20 > 21 > 22 >23>24) • logarithmic expression(0 >log21>log22>log23>log24)
- 35. Q-9 • During whichphase of bacterial growth curve, is the growth fastest? • A. Lag phase • B. Log phase • C. Death phase • D. Stationary phase
- 36. Bacterial Growth Curve Stationaryphase Death phase Log phase Lag phase 1 5 Time (hours) 10
- 37. Final question…Thank God! • Whichtype of liquid culture medium contains an inhibitory substance added to it? • A. Enriched Media • B. Enrichment Media • C. Selective Media • D. Indicator Media
- 38. Enriched media • Substanceslike blood, serum, egg are added to the basal medium. • Used to grow bacteria that are exacting in their nutritional needs. • Eg: Blood agar, Chocolate agar
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- 40. Enrichment media • Liquidmedia used to isolate pathogens from a mixed culture. • Media is incorporated with inhibitory substances to suppress the unwanted organism. • Eg: • Selenite F Broth – for the isolation of Salmonella, Shigella • Alkaline Peptone Water –
- 41. Selective media • Theinhibitory substance is added to a solid media. Eg: • Mac Conkey’s medium for gram negative bacteria • TCBS – for V.cholerae • LJ medium – M.tuberculosis • Wilson and Blair medium – S.typhi • Potassium tellurite medium – Diphtheria bacilli
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- 44. Indicator media • Thesemedia contain an indicator which changes its colour when a bacterium grows in them. • Eg: • Blood agar • Mac Conkey’s medium • Christensen’s urease medium
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