This document provides an overview of quality principles and concepts. It defines key terms related to quality like defect, policy, procedure, process, and standard. It discusses different views of quality from the perspective of customers, producers, providers and suppliers. It also describes quality attributes for information systems and quality concepts like the PDCA cycle, cost of quality, six sigma quality, and the approaches of quality pioneers like Deming, Crosby and Juran.
In this presentation, we will discuss the concept of quality management with specific importance on quality assurance, quality control and different views of quality, types of quality, levels of quality and quality determinants. We will also talk about the industrial revolution and beginning of quality control methods.
To know more about Welingkar School’s Distance Learning Program and courses offered, visit: http://www.welingkaronline.org/distance-learning/online-mba.html
Quality Definition by Joseph Juran, Philip Crosby, William Stevenson, David Bentley, Characteristics of Quality, Performance,Features, Reliability, Conformance, Durability, Serviceability, Aesthetics, Perceived Quality, Quality Control, Statistical Quality control (SQC), Sampling Inspection, Consumer’s Risk, Producer’s risk,
In this presentation, we will discuss the concept of quality management with specific importance on quality assurance, quality control and different views of quality, types of quality, levels of quality and quality determinants. We will also talk about the industrial revolution and beginning of quality control methods.
To know more about Welingkar School’s Distance Learning Program and courses offered, visit: http://www.welingkaronline.org/distance-learning/online-mba.html
Quality Definition by Joseph Juran, Philip Crosby, William Stevenson, David Bentley, Characteristics of Quality, Performance,Features, Reliability, Conformance, Durability, Serviceability, Aesthetics, Perceived Quality, Quality Control, Statistical Quality control (SQC), Sampling Inspection, Consumer’s Risk, Producer’s risk,
A details introduction of quality, its elements, Cost of Poor Quality and difference in Quality Control and Quality Assurance.
To download these slides please visit my site:
http://www.xubitech.com/
Quality Assurance and Quality Control - Areas of ImprovementImran Jamil
A brief presentation, focusing on the improvement areas of Quality Assurance and Quality Control in an organization. The presentation also discusses about some of the myths about quality.
Cost of Quality is a widely spread and widely misunderstood concept.Here is a presentation that will evaporate all your doubts regarding this topic.A very well explained case study of H&S motors.It is a very well structured presentation.
Cost of quality is a methodology that allows an organization to determine the extent to which its resources are used for activities that prevent poor quality, that appraise the quality of the organization's products or services, and that result from internal and external failures.
OQUMA provides an online software service to manage the full quality system.
Step1 –Requirements
Step 2 -Templates
Step 3 –Chapters
Step 4 –Manual Merge
Step 5 –Approval and Publication
A details introduction of quality, its elements, Cost of Poor Quality and difference in Quality Control and Quality Assurance.
To download these slides please visit my site:
http://www.xubitech.com/
Quality Assurance and Quality Control - Areas of ImprovementImran Jamil
A brief presentation, focusing on the improvement areas of Quality Assurance and Quality Control in an organization. The presentation also discusses about some of the myths about quality.
Cost of Quality is a widely spread and widely misunderstood concept.Here is a presentation that will evaporate all your doubts regarding this topic.A very well explained case study of H&S motors.It is a very well structured presentation.
Cost of quality is a methodology that allows an organization to determine the extent to which its resources are used for activities that prevent poor quality, that appraise the quality of the organization's products or services, and that result from internal and external failures.
OQUMA provides an online software service to manage the full quality system.
Step1 –Requirements
Step 2 -Templates
Step 3 –Chapters
Step 4 –Manual Merge
Step 5 –Approval and Publication
http://cebos.com | Achieving clearly defined goals through consistent activities defined by the quality plan will provide tangible benefits and a return on your TQM efforts.
It's a 1st Unit PPT of Subject Software Testing & Quality from the Book "Software Testing & Quality Assurance" by Kshirsagar Naik and Priyadarshi Tripathy
Unit 1 basic concepts of testing & qualityravikhimani
Unit 1 of Subject System Testing and Quality contains Quality Revolution, Software Quality, fault, error, defect, failure, role of testing, static analysis, dynamic analysis, objective of testing, test case, test activities
Understanding the who, what, why, and when of quality is essential in implementing an effective Quality Program. It requires a combination of distinct disciplines: Quality Assurance, Quality Control, and Quality Improvement. They are three unique disciplines which, when used together, can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of any organization leading to reduced cost and increased customer satisfaction.
Project Quality Management is step by step . This presentation gives us a brief explanation about quality management of each project you may think you are going to undertake.
According to new syllabus of PCI M.Pharm 1st sem. students can directly utilize this ppt for their study. As per PCI new syllabus QA STUDENTS find this ppt very use full.
Almost all executives claim that they manage quality, but yet the need for corrective actions continues to grow.
Imagine if we lived in a world where preventive actions are enough to have the desired products and services,
and that spending for corrections would be unnecessary. Imagine if organizations didn’t have to spend money
to improve their mistakes. Unfortunately, they do, and they call it the cost of quality.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
3. Contents
Vocabulary of Quality
Understand the terms used to explain and implement quality in an IT organization.
The Different Views of Quality
The Two Quality Gaps
Quality Attributes for an Information System
Quality Concepts and Practices
PDCA Cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act)
Cost of Quality
Six Sigma Quality
Baselining and Benchmarking
Earned Value
Quality Control and Quality Assurance
Quality Control
Understanding and Using the Just-In-Time (JIT) Technique
Quality Assurance
Differentiating Between Quality Control and Quality Assurance
Quality Pioneers Approach to Quality
Dr. W. Edward Deming
Philip Crosby
Dr. Joseph Juran
Total Quality Management
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4. Vocabulary of Quality
Defect –
From the producer's viewpoint, a defect is a product requirement that has not been met, or a product attribute possessed by a product or a function performed by a product that is not in the statement of requirements that define the product.
From the customer's viewpoint, a defect is anything that causes customer dissatisfaction, whether in the statement of requirements or not.
Policy - Managerial desires and intents concerning either processes (intended objectives) or products (desired attributes).
Procedure - The step-by-step method followed to ensure that standards are met.
Process
The work effort that produces a product. This includes efforts of people and equipment guided by policies, standards, and procedures.
A statement of purpose and an essential set of practices (activities) that address that purpose. A process or set of processes used by an organization or project to plan, manage, execute, monitor, control, and improve its software related activities.
Productivity - The ratio of the output of a process to the input, usually measured in the same units. It is frequently useful to compare the value added to a product by a process, to the value of the input resources required (using fair market values for both input and output).
Standard - A requirement of a product or process. For example: 100 percent of the functionality must be tested.
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5. The Different Views of Quality
Customer View-
Receiving the right product for their use
Being satisfied that their needs have been met
Meeting their expectations
Being treated with integrity, courtesy and respect
Producer View-
Doing the right thing
Doing it the right way
Doing it right the first time
Doing it on time without exceeding cost
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6. The Different Views of Quality
Provider View- This is the perspective of the organization that delivers the products and services to the customer.
Supplier View- This is the perspective of the organization (that may be external to the producer’s company, such as an independent vendor) that provides either the producer and/or the provider with products and services needed to meet the requirements of the customer.
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8. Definition of Quality
Doing it right the first time meeting customer requirements (Fn. and non Fn.), according to agreed upon standards and within the agreed time frame.
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9. Big Q
Together the below three constitute the Big Q
Product Quality
Process Quality
Customer Satisfaction
Small q is concerned only about the product quality limited to product defect rate.
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10. Quality Attributes of an Information System
Attributes
Definition
Correctness
Extent to which a program satisfies its specifications and fulfills the user’s mission objectives.
Reliability
Extent to which a program can be expected to perform its intended function with required precision.
Efficiency
The amount of computing resources and code required by a program to perform a function.
Integrity
Extent to which access to software or data by unauthorized persons can be controlled.
Usability
Effort required learning, operating, preparing input, and interpreting output of a program.
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11. Quality Attributes of an Information System
Attributes
Definition
Maintainability
Effort required locating and fixing an error in an operational program.
Testability
Effort required testing a program to ensure that it performs its intended function.
Flexibility
Effort required modifying an operational program.
Reusability
Extent to which a program can be used in other applications – related to the packaging and scope of the
functions that programs perform.
Interoperability
Effort required to couple one system with another.
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12. PDCA – Plan Do Check Act
Plan - Design or revise business process components to improve results
Do - Implement the plan and measure its performance
Check - Assess the measurements and report the results to decision makers
Act - Decide on changes needed to improve the process
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13. PDCA ..
Kaoru Ishikawa has expanded Deming's four steps into Six
Determine goals and targets.
Determine methods of reaching goals.
Engage in education and training.
Implement work.
Check the effects of implementation.
Take appropriate action.
Deming’s Wheel
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14. Cost of Quality
The cost of quality (COQ) is the money spent beyond what it would cost to build a product right the first time. If every worker could produce defect-free products the first time, the COQ would be zero. Since this situation does not occur, there are costs associated with getting a defect-free
product produced.
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15. Cost of Quality …
Cost of Quality has two main components
Cost of Conformance –
The total cost of ensuring that a product is good quality. It is an organization’s investment into quality of its products.
It includes QA costs, i.e. training, standards and processes and QC costs, i.e. reviews, audits, inspections and testing
Cost of Non-conformance
Costs incurred by an organization once the product or services fail in achieving their goals
For example – cost of fixing production issues, possible loss of business etc.
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16. Cost of Quality …
Prevention –
Money required preventing errors and to do the job right the first time is considered prevention cost. This category includes money spent on establishing methods and procedures, training workers and planning for quality. Prevention money is all spent before the product is actually built.
Appraisal –
Appraisal costs cover money spent to review completed products against requirements. Appraisal includes the cost of inspections, testing and reviews. This money is spent after the product or subcomponents are built but before it is shipped to the user.
Failure –
Failure costs are all costs associated with defective products. Some failure costs involve repairing products to make them meet requirements. Others are costs generated by failures, such as the cost of operating faulty products, damage incurred by using them and the costs incurred because the product is not available. The user or customer of the organization may also experience failure costs.
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17. Cost of Quality …
Studies show that the COQ in IT is approximately 50% of the total cost of building a product. Of the 50% COQ, 40% is failure, 7% is appraisal, and 3% is prevention. Other studies have shown that $1 spent on appraisal costs will reduce failure costs threefold; and each dollar spent on prevention costs will reduce failure costs tenfold. Obviously, the right appraisal and prevention methods must be used to get these benefits.
For example, the cost of adding unidentified requirements during system or acceptance testing is much more costly than identifying those requirements during the requirements-gathering phase. Once individuals understand the cost of "overlooking requirements" they might be more willing to use techniques such as requirements reviews, JAD sessions, and improved processes to avoid the overtime, stress, and excessive cost of building those overlooked requirements late in the development process.
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18. The three key principles of quality
Management is responsible for quality - Quality cannot be delegated effectively. Management must accept the responsibility for the quality of the products produced in their organization; otherwise, quality will not happen. A quality function is only a catalyst in making quality happen. The quality function assists management in building quality information systems by monitoring quality and making recommendations to management about areas where quality can be improved. As the quality function is a staff function, not management, it cannot dictate quality for the organization. Only management can make quality happen.
Producers must use effective quality control - All of the parties and activities involved in producing a product must be involved in controlling the quality of those products. This means that the workers will be actively involved in the establishment of their own standards and procedures.
Quality is a journey, not a destination - The objective of the quality program must be continuous improvement. The end objective of the quality process must be satisfied customers.
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19. Best Practices
A Best Practice is one of the most effective practices for performing a specific process. Best Practices are normally identified by benchmarking, or by an independent assessment. Best Practices are also identified through winners of quality competitions such as the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award, Deming Prize, etc.
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20. Six Sigma Quality
Motorola developed a concept called “Six Sigma Quality” that focuses on defect rates, as opposed to percent performed correctly.
“Sigma” is a statistical term meaning one standard deviation. “Six Sigma” means six standard deviations. At the Six Sigma statistical level, only 3.4 items per million are outside of the acceptable level. Thus, the Six Sigma quality level means that out of every one million items counted 999,996.6 will be correct, and no more than 3.4 will be defective.
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21. Baselining and Benchmarking
Baselining is defining the current level of performance. For example, the number of defects currently contained in a thousand lines of code is usually calculated quantitatively and can be used to measure improvement.
Benchmarking involves a comparison of one organization’s, or one part of an organization’s, process for performing a work task to another organization’s process, for the purpose of finding best practices or competitive practices that will help define superior performance of a product, service or support process.
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22. Earned Value
It is important that quality professionals be able to demonstrate that their work provides value to their organization. Return-on-investment (ROI) that demonstrates the dollars returned for the dollars invested is one of the more popular means to demonstrate value returned. However, ROI is not designed to measure subjective values such as customer loyalty. There is no generally accepted best way to measure the “value earned” from quality initiatives. It is recommended that quality professionals use the method(s) recommended by their accounting function for calculating earned value.
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23. Quality Control - QC
Quality Control measures both products and processes for conformance to quality requirements (including both the specific requirements prescribed by the product specification, and the more general requirements prescribed by *Quality Assurance*); identifies acceptable limits for significant *Quality Attributes*; identifies whether products and processes fall within those limits (conform to requirements) or fall outside them (exhibit defects); and reports accordingly. Correction of product failures generally lies outside the ambit of Quality Control; correction of process failures may or may not be included.
Also called statistical quality control. The managerial process during which actual process performance is evaluated and actions are taken on unusual performance. It is a process to ensure whether a product meets predefined standards and requisite action taken if the standards are not met.
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24. Quality Assurance - QA
A planned and systematic set of activities to ensure that variances in processes are clearly identified, assessed and improving defined processes for fulfilling the requirements of customers and product or service makers.
A planned and systematic pattern of all actions necessary to provide adequate confidence that the product optimally fulfills customer's expectations.
A planned and systematic set of activities to ensure that requirements are clearly established and the defined process complies to these requirements.
"Work done to ensure that Quality is built into work products, rather than Defects." This is by (a) identifying what "quality" means in context; (b) specifying methods by which its presence can be ensured; and (c) specifying ways in which it can be measured to ensure conformance.
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25. QA Vs. QC
QA
Process Driven Approach: It is a process to monitor and improve existing quality processes.
Quality Assurance ensures that the processes designed for the product development and services are effective enough to meet the objectives.
Quality Assurance focuses on defect prevention.
QC
Concerned with Product: It measures and controls the quality of the software as it is being developed.
Quality Control ensures that the final product is error free and satisfactory.
Quality Control focuses on finding defects in the product
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26. Understanding and Using the Just in Time (JIT) Technique
Just-in-time (JIT) is a revolutionary production system developed by Taiichi Ohno, a Toyota vice president.
The ultimate goal of JIT production is to supply each process with exactly the required items, in exactly the required quantity, at exactly the required time. There are two conditions necessary to reach this situation: large amounts of production flexibility, and very short lead times.
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27. Understanding and Using the Just in Time (JIT) Technique
Just-in-time principles can be used in IT in the following ways:
Systems development and maintenance tasks become driven when the user of an internal or external product or service needs them. Programs would not be developed before they are needed for test or production.
Systems analysts and programmers would not be given information and documents to store until they need them.
Internal information processes would be designed so individuals can move from job to job with minimal delay. For example, programmers should be able to stop working on one program and start another within the JIT ten-minute turnover standard.
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28. Edward Deming’s 14 Points
Create Consistency of Purpose in the Company
Learn the New Philosophy
Require Statistical Evidence of Information Technology Quality
Reduce the Number of Vendors
Use Statistical Methods to Find Sources of Trouble
Institute Modern Aids to Training on the Job
Improve Supervision
Drive Out Fear
Break Down Barriers Between Departments
Eliminate Numerical Goals, Slogans, Pictures, Posters Urging People to Increase Productivity, Sign Their Work as an Autograph, etc.
Look Carefully at Work Standards
Institute a Massive Training Program for Employees in Simple but Powerful Statistical Methods
Institute a Vigorous Program for Retraining People in New Skills
Create a Structure in Top Management that Will Push Every Day on the Above 13 Points
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29. Philip Crosby – Do it right the first time
Crosby in his books phrased terms like - "Quality Without Tears" and "Quality is Free“
He defined quality as a conformity to certain specifications set forth by management and not some vague concept of "goodness." These specifications are not arbitrary either; they must be set according to customer needs and wants.
Four Absolutes of Quality Management
Quality is defined as conformance to requirements, not as 'goodness' or 'elegance'.
The system for causing quality is prevention, not appraisal.
The performance standard must be Zero Defects, not "that's close enough".
The measurement of quality is the Price of Nonconformance, not indices.
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30. Joseph M Juran – Quality Trilogy
Quality Planning
•Identify who are the customers.
•Determine the needs of those customers.
•Translate those needs into our language.
•Develop a product that can respond to those needs.
•Optimise the product features so as to meet our needs and customer needs.
Quality Improvement
•Develop a process which is able to produce the product.
•Optimise the process.
Quality Control
•Prove that the process can produce the product under operating conditions with minimal inspection.
•Transfer the process to Operations.
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31. Total Quality Management
TQM is the term used by many to indicate an organization-wide effort of continuous process improvement
The improved performance is directed toward satisfying such cross-functional goals as quality, cost, schedule, mission, need and suitability.
TQM is a process of controlled change.
Central to the TQM approach is the change in management philosophy regarding the "responsibility for quality." Formerly it rested with a separate group of individuals in a department/directorate/division often designated as quality assurance. Under TQM, the responsibility rests with every employee, beginning with top management. Skill Category 2 provides additional insight into the change in management philosophy, new behaviors for management and leadership.
TQM is accomplished using a team organization; both management and the employees are members of "quality teams" that focus on continuous process improvement
Communication must be encouraged to allow employees and management to work together to reach the mutual goal of continuous process improvement.
The timing, sequence, method of implementation, and integration of these elements will vary from one organization to another.
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