This document discusses two proposals to promote research and innovation in India: 1) Encouraging vocational education by making vocational courses available from junior college onwards and emphasizing traditional occupations to increase skills training and reduce unemployment. 2) Establishing government research centers in every district to provide opportunities for research submissions from anyone and increase patent filings from India, helping reduce imports and develop more Indian brands. Challenges include providing infrastructure, scientists, and communication between centers.

1. Brain Gain: Promoting research and
innovation
• Presented By:-
• SHREEMAY PANHALKAR
• ANWAY KULKARNI
• KARAN JAWALKAR• KARAN JAWALKAR
• VISHAL BHOSALE
• RAJENDRA KULKARNI
- PVG’S COET, PUNE

2. 1. PROMOTING VOCATIONAL COURSES
Only 2% of Indian population receives vocational education while in
Europe, the proportion is 80%.
Proportion of trained population in primary sector occupations is
decreasing at a high rate.
Bachelors with less skills are working at low wages or are unemployed.
Thus, encouragement must be given to vocational education to increase
trained mass in primary and secondary sector occupations.
Blacksmith Carpenter Welding Tailoring

3. • Solution:-
Students must be allotted at least one vocational course from Junior
college.
Courses like ITI must be made available for students from 8th Standard.
Such courses will enhance the skills of
students and can encourage them for
creativeness.
Traditional occupations must be
emphasized on.
• Impacts:-
Changing of occupations from one generation to another will reduce.
Vocational courses must be designed in a way to help people become
entrepreneurs and become self-employed.

4. • Challenges:-
Government must need to provide sufficient facilities to the
students from infrastructure to resources.
Training for teachers will be essential in large amounts.
There must be schemes for needy students such as student
loans, scholarships, etc.
Encouragement for small scale businesses.

5. • Involved Members: -
Department of Education of India as well State Governments
Schools as well as colleges
Various private companies can provide training to students, in return they
can select trained workers as employees.
Social Welfare schemes for needy students as well as trained youth to
start a small scale business.

6. 2. RESEARCH CENTERS IN EVERY DISTRICT
• Problems: -
India is very much behind in the race of patents.
Rank Country No. of Patent Applications
1 JAPAN 472417
2 CHINA 435608
3 USA 432298
4 SOUTH KOREA 1874544 SOUTH KOREA 187454
5 GERMANY 172764
6 FRANCE 65349
7 UK 49938
8 SWITZERLAND 37477
9 NETHERLANDS 32376
10 RUSSIA 31433
14 INDIA 15717

7. Consequentially, the number of Indian brands is very low.
This results into increased import or relying on foreign goods for
technology.
• Causes: -
No encouragement for researching and innovations since school days
Exams on fixed syllabus for fixed period
No extra curricular-boost for any student due to his research or innovations
Rigid working system for working youth
No prestige for a job of scientist
Hard process to get stipend and work as a researcher

8. • Solutions: -
Government Research Centers should be established for every District
with a body of scientists appointed to it.
Anyone can submit his research paper /
project / model there.
Scientists at the center must analyze the
research and suggest improvements within
fixed period.
If the solution is successful, the research must be documented or
forwarded for patent filing.forwarded for patent filing.
If the research meets certain criteria, he can get recognition / certification
from the government.
• Impacts: -
Anyone, irrespective of his/her education can be given scope to submit his
innovative ideas to the government.
There will be better employment for scientists as well a good job status.
Private companies may go hand in hand with the government in the field
of research.

9. Patent filing from the country will increase drastically.
Research in various fields may lead to the production of new brands,
which would soon free us from the day by day increasing imports.
E.g. Foreign Operating Systems on our computer systems can be replaced
by Indian OSs like BOS (Bharat Operating System).
E.g. Filing patent of turmeric helped flourish different Indian brands ofE.g. Filing patent of turmeric helped flourish different Indian brands of
turmeric.

10. • Challenges: -
Infrastructure for each center must be provided by Government as well as
companies in partnership.
Efficient scientists must be provided for each center.
There must be well communication between each center and the central
governing body.
• Involved Members: -
Zilla Parishad / Municipal Corporation
Private CompaniesPrivate Companies
Various government institutions

11. REFERENCES
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocational_education
• http://ec.europa.eu/education/lifelong-learning-
policy/vet_en.htm
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_patents