1. Brain Gain: Promoting Research and
Innovation
1
Ayush Anand – IIT Kanpur
Charu Wadhwa – Delhi School of Economics
Pritesh Mittal – IIT Bombay
Saurabh Baggaru – IIT Kanpur
Shreeyank Samudre – VNIT Nagpur
Ennovate India
A social enterprise to flourish innovation and promote research in India

2. • Only 3.5 % of global research output
• Ranked 66th in the Global Innovation Index and 119th in Science
Citation Index
• Only 2.9 % of total global expenditure
• India contributes only 0.3 % of global patents
• No Indian university in TOP 100 Global Universities
• 6000 PhD. In science and 1000 in Engineering per year
• Only 3-6 Patents per year granted to IITs as compared to 64 at
Stanford
Current Scenario
2
A comparative study of India and other leading countries, Nesta report on
research and innovation, July 2012
India’s Immense Potential
• Largest pool of Engineers and Doctors in the
world who due to lack of proper utilization of
their skills leave the country
• Young Population to take advantage of
demographic dividend and heading towards
knowledge based economy
• Great scope of innovation and research in
agriculture, the backbone of Indian economy
• From small innovations like better “Load lifting
devices” to very useful “Hand Pumps which rises
during floods” have potential of large scale
commercialization
• Cheap labor and expertise cost along with large
talent pool can be very cost effective

3. Inclusive Innovation: “Be Flexible, Think Frugal,
Generate Breakthrough Growth"
3
• Existing culture of improvisational innovation or ‘Jugaad’ driven by scarce resources in poor households & customers’ needs to
be utilized effectively
• Informal improvisation needs to be scaled up to a system based on frugal engineering geared towards Indian needs
• Will drive disruptive innovations in sectors such as health, education, housing etc. to meet the needs of many
• $2000 Tata Nano Car or the $2000 open-heart surgery at Narayana Hrudayalaya are the finest examples of innovation in India
Best brains in the world are
busy solving problems of the
rich who do not have problems
to solve
Complex problems of the poor
do not get the right talent. It is
time to change this paradigm
Need to focus on innovations
that meet the need of people
at the bottom of the pyramid
Jugaad Constraints
such as lack
of electricity
should not
be taken as
debilitating
challenge
but as an
opportunity
to innovate
and
overcome
these
constraints
Beyond jugaad: Amazing inventions from India, IBN Live

4. Solution we seek
4
Solving crucial social problems
technically
Benefits of solution over
existing institutions
• One year fellowship program to promote innovation & research by providing
resources to the people having passion for designing and technology
• Providing affordable, locally appropriate and sustainable solutions to the most
pressing social problems
• Training enthusiasts & talented people to come up with solutions
• Facilitating talented technologists with resources and facilities to pursue their
passion
• Commercializing low cost innovative products to subsequently boost economy
• Utilizing traditional knowledge to create products
• Promotion of entrepreneurship and rise in employment
• Improving quality of life to solve problems using technology
Feasibility & Replicability
• Starting with one state, the solution, has the immense possibility of replication
throughout India
• Red-Tapism is least likely to impact the solution as it hardly depends on
government support

5. Implementation Model
5
1. Recruitment
a. Recruiters will search for the hidden talents in rural/ urban
areas who are well versed of the problems faced in society
b. Passion for the technology will be an important criteria for
selection
c. A total of 40 fellows will be selected
2. Training & Mentorship
a. Two fellows will be allotted to one project
b. Fellows will undergo a training program, to learn the concepts
required in their respective projects
c. Mentorship on projects will be provided by the area experts
from academia and industry
4. Pilot Projects
a. Pilot projects will be started once fellows are done with
feasibility analysis
b. NGOs & SMEs will help in pilot projects and large scale
implementation
3. Product Design & Testing
a. Fellows will design the products under the guidance of their
mentors after literature review and research
b. Once product is ready fellows will start testing and visit their
respective areas to understand the feasibility of product
The four process fellowship model aims to solve society
problems by young & talented people who are
passionate for technology & its real application

6. Fellow Recruitment
The model aims to recruit 40 talented fellows to eradicate social problems via technology
6
Eligibility & Application Assessment Criteria Outreach to Applicants
 All Indian Nationals
 Anyone can apply within an
age limit of 30 years
 Fellow must have passed
secondary when he/ she apply
 Fellowship program should
not conflict with fellow’s
academic curriculum, if any
• Diversity in terms of
projects
• Maximum area outreach
across the state/ country
• Grass-root level practical
knowledge
• Drive and Passion towards
technical innovation
• Online application form
• College based exams
• Social Media
• Success stories for
successive years
• Word of mouth publicity

7. Strategic Alliances
7
NGOs
• Identification of
problems
• NGOs with good
social outreach
to help in
recruitment of
fellows
• Dissemination
of products
• Awareness
programs &
campaigns
Research
Institutions
• Helps in
conceptualizing
the product
designs
• Support in
terms of
research
facilities & labs
• Expert guidance
for research &
innovation
Private
Companies
• MNCs and
national
companies for
product
development
• Funding for the
selected
projects
• Investment in
enterprise for
specific
programs
R&D Labs
• NIF and DST
contribution in
providing
technological
and outstanding
traditional
knowledge
• Partnering
Industrial
Designing
Centers to get
their designing
expertise on
board
SMEs
• Local small and
medium
enterprises
having
maximum hold
to rural market
• Making
products
available to the
beneficiaries
“When you work for the society there is nothing like competition, no one is your competitor but all are your allies” - Anonymous

8. Institutional Structure
Academia
Experts
Industry
Experts
NGO
Members
Supervisory BoardManagement Board
Chief Operational
Officer
Chief Technical
Officer
Outreach Team Marketing
Team
On – Ground
Team
Strategic
partnerships
with R&D
labs, Design
labs, Govt.
institutions,
International
organizations
FTE : 2
Product
marketing,
Fund
management,
Detect
further
business
opportunities
FTE : 2
Coordination
with potential
SMEs, NGOs
to implement
ideas,
Identification
of problems
to work upon
FTE : 2
Recruitment
Team
Innovation
Team
Recruitment
of local
talents,
strengthen
the
presence
among
youth
FTE : 2
Train & guide
fellows to
make
breakthrough
innovations,
handle
intellectual
property
FTE : 3

9. Expense Requirement & Potential Sources
The model will require around Rs. 1 Crore pa as funding from various governmental & private sectors
9
TotalAnnualExpenses
Technical Expenses
Human Capital
Expenses
Logistics Expenses Transportation Expenses
Communication Expense
Operational Expenses
COO & CTO @ 8 lakhs pa
11 team members@ 4.5 lakhs pa
Research Fellows: 40 @ Rs.10,000 pm
Product Design & Fabrication Expense
Research & Training Expense
INR 65
lakhs
INR 15
lakhs
INR 20
lakhs
INR 1
crore
Government and Private funding agencies plays an important role in fund management. For the enterprise, potential
organizations are:
• Department of Science & Technology
• National Foundation of India
• ONGC
Government Organizations
• TATA
• Infosys
• Indian Tobacco Company
Industries (CSR activities)
• Ford Foundation
• Bill & Mellinda Gates Foundation
• Ashoka Fellowship
International Organizations

10. 10
Impact Assessment
Impact
Intellectual
Capital
Sustainability
Industries
Economy
Society
Transforming
Innovation
• Focus on locally produced
materials
• Pro-environment technologies
• Low cost alternatives to industries
• Reach to rural market
• Investment opportunities
• Promotion of manufacturing
business
• Employment to unemployed
• Best knowledge transfer
• Economic well being of
beneficiaries
• Improving quality of life
• Utilizing demographic dividend
• Promoting SMEs
• Contribution towards GDP
• Platform for passionate innovators
• Dissemination of products by local
SMEs and NGOs
• Pan-India network of innovators for
mutual benefits
• Innovation results in building
intellectual resources
• Patents/ Copyrights/ Trademarks
• Research papers
• Royalty given to researchers

11. 11
Challenges and Mitigation Factors
Precautionary Measures
Tie-ups with :
 Media bodies to reach out to
the real India i.e. villages
 Best NGOs to bring ground
reality & expertise
 Industries to help in
commercializing product
Bringing expertise from:
 Researchers by including
professors from best institutes
 Trainers to best train the
fellows throwing language
barrier away
 Incubation in IITs/ social
enterprise incubation centers

12. References
12
”
1. Promoting Innovation in Developing countries: A Conceptual Framework- Jean-Eric Aubert, World Bank Institute
2. Bibliometric study of India's Scientific Publication Outputs during 2001-10- Evidence for changing trends,
Department of Science & Technology
3. Innovation in India, National Knowledge Commission-2007
4. India's Rural Financial Ecosystem: Does it support pro-poor Innovation?- Lina Sonne, UNU Merit
5. Harvard business review “Use Jugaad to Innovate Faster, Cheaper, Better
6. Engineers for change newsletter, May, 2012
7. Nesta report on research and innovation, July 2012
8. Beyond jugaad: Amazing inventions from India, IBN Live