The Pilgrims fled to Holland and then America to separate from the Church of England, establishing the Plymouth Colony. John Winthrop led Puritans to establish the Massachusetts Bay Colony at Boston, incorporating Plymouth. While Puritan leaders wanted religious freedom for themselves, their laws criminalized dissent and only church members could vote, showing religious freedom was not truly tolerated until Roger Williams established Rhode Island based on that principle in 1636.

2. Puritans and Pilgrims
 Pilgrims wanted to separate
completely from Church of
England (Separatists)
 Fled to Holland and
eventually America
(Plymouth Colony)

3. Massachusetts Bay Colony
 John Winthrop led more Puritans to New
England
 Established colony with capital at Boston
 Plymouth incorporated into it
 “City Upon a Hill”

4. Puritans & Religious Freedom: Not So
Much
 Puritan laws criminalized
 Leaders were all members of Puritan Church
 Only landholding males in the Church could
vote
 Dissent not tolerated

5. Roger Williams
 freedom to worship
 Establishes Rhode Island on the
basis of religious freedom (1636)
 “Forced religion stinks in the
nostrils of God.”

6. Anne Hutchinson
 Individuals can interpret the
Bible on their own
 Banished to Rhode Island
in 1638
 Took refuge in Dutch-
controlled New Netherland