Psychology (short info)
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Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. The history of psychology began in the late 19th century with Wilhelm Wundt opening the first experimental laboratory in psychology at the University of Leipzig in 1879. Key figures who contributed to the development of psychology include Sigmund Freud who developed psychoanalysis in 1896, Ivan Pavlov who developed classical conditioning in 1921, and B.F. Skinner who proposed operant conditioning.
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Psy 101 lec2
Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychology laboratory in 1879 at the University of Leipzig, formally defining psychology as the study of conscious experiences. He developed structuralism, which focused on the fundamental elements of thinking, consciousness, and emotions. Sigmund Freud specialized in nervous disorders and developed psychoanalysis to study the unconscious mind and how unconscious conflicts influence behavior. Alfred Adler broke from Freud to focus on individual psychology and how people differ in their behaviors. John Watson rejected early approaches and established behaviorism, defining psychology as the objective scientific study of observable behaviors.
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Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychology laboratory in 1879 at the University of Leipzig, marking the beginning of psychology as a distinct science. Wundt's structuralism approach used introspection to analyze the basic elements of consciousness. This method proved unreliable and paved the way for behaviorism which rejected the study of the mind. William James expanded the field with his 1890 book Principles of Psychology which took a functionalist approach, examining a wide range of psychological processes. Sigmund Freud developed psychoanalysis in the late 19th century, introducing concepts like the conscious and unconscious mind and using techniques like dream analysis and free association. Carl Jung further developed psychoanalytic theory with concepts like the collective unconscious and archetypes.
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Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychology laboratory in 1879 at the University of Leipzig, marking the beginning of psychology as a distinct science. Wundt's structuralism approach used introspection to analyze the basic elements of consciousness. This method proved unreliable and paved the way for behaviorism which rejected the study of the mind. William James expanded the field with his 1890 book Principles of Psychology which took a functionalist approach, examining a wide range of psychological processes. Sigmund Freud developed psychoanalysis in the late 19th century, introducing concepts like the conscious and unconscious mind and using techniques like dream analysis and free association. Carl Jung further developed psychoanalytic theory with concepts like the collective unconscious and archetypes.
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3. Behaviorism - Known as the learning perspective, believes all behaviors can be explained by stimuli and responses. Includes theories of classical and operant conditioning from Pavlov, Watson, Skinner, and others.
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The document discusses the origins and early history of psychology from the 17th century to the late 1800s. It explains that while psychology emerged as a scientific discipline in the late 1800s, its foundations can be traced back to early Greek philosophy. Two important early figures were Rene Descartes, who introduced the idea of dualism between mind and body, and Wilhelm Wundt, who opened the first experimental psychology lab in 1879 in Germany, marking the beginning of psychology as a separate science. The document also summarizes the structuralist and functionalist schools of thought that developed during this early period in psychology's history.
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Muslim philosophers in psychology
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This document provides an overview of the history and major perspectives in psychology. It discusses early pioneers like Wundt who founded the first psychology lab and focused on introspection. Freud introduced psychoanalysis. Behaviorism emerged with Pavlov, Watson and Skinner emphasizing observable behaviors over internal mental processes. Humanistic psychology rejected behaviorism's assumptions. Piaget studied child development. Contemporary perspectives include behavioral, cognitive, psychodynamic, biological, social-cultural, and humanistic. The document also outlines developing areas like genetics, evolutionary psychology and positive psychology.
Psychology module 2
This document provides an overview of the history and major perspectives in psychology. It discusses early pioneers like Wundt who founded the first psychology lab and focused on introspection. Freud introduced psychoanalysis. Behaviorism emerged with Pavlov, Watson and Skinner emphasizing observable behaviors over internal mental processes. Humanistic psychology rejected behaviorism's view of determinism. Piaget studied child development. Contemporary perspectives include behavioral, cognitive, psychodynamic, humanistic, biological and social-cultural approaches. Recent areas of study are genetics, evolutionary psychology and positive psychology.
History of psychology
The history of psychology consists of a prescientific and a scientific epoch. The field of psychology as a scientific endeavor is a relatively new discipline, and borders on various other fields.
psychology.pdf
This lesson plan provides an introduction to psychology for first year students. It outlines the objectives of explaining the definitions, history, and scope of psychology. The plan details the content to be covered, including defining psychology, discussing key figures in the development of psychology like Wilhelm Wundt and Sigmund Freud, and explaining the basic areas of psychology such as developmental psychology, social psychology, and physiological psychology. It also lists the teaching methods of lecture and discussion and the assessment activities of essays and short notes.
Introdustion to Psychology
This document provides an introduction to psychology by outlining its history and key perspectives. It defines psychology as the scientific study of behavior and its causes. The document then discusses 4 stages in how psychology has been defined throughout history, from the study of the soul to behavior. It also summarizes 6 major perspectives in psychology including biological, psychoanalytic, behavioral, humanistic, cognitive, and social cultural. The history of psychology is discussed from structuralism to functionalism, gestalt psychology, and behaviorism.
History
The document provides a detailed history of psychological testing and the field of psychology from ancient times to the present. It covers major developments in psychological testing including early mental tests in the late 19th/early 20th century, the development of intelligence tests like the Binet-Simon scale and the Stanford-Binet, the emergence of personality inventories and projective tests in the 1920s-1940s, and computerized testing from the 1980s onward. It also outlines the history of the field of psychology as a whole from ancient Greek philosophers' ideas about the mind/brain to modern developments and key theorists.
A history of psychology section 3
The document traces the history of psychology from ancient Greece to modern times. It discusses how early Greek philosophers like Plato and Aristotle began exploring topics like motivation and the mind. The ancient Greeks believed psychological problems were caused by supernatural forces, while Hippocrates suggested biological factors could influence thoughts and feelings. During the Middle Ages, psychological problems were seen as signs of demonic possession. Psychology emerged as a modern science in the late 19th century with the establishment of experimental laboratories by psychologists like Wilhelm Wundt and William James. Schools of thought like structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, and psychoanalysis helped shape the new field.
lec#2.pptx
This document provides an overview of the history and development of psychology. It summarizes that psychology separated from philosophy in the 19th century with roots in biology. Important figures mentioned include Darwin, who developed the theory of evolution, Wundt who opened the first psychology lab, Titchener who founded structuralism, James who founded functionalism, Freud who founded psychoanalysis, Pavlov who discovered classical conditioning, Skinner who researched operant conditioning, and Piaget who studied child development. The document also briefly discusses humanism, Maslow's hierarchy of needs, and Gestalt psychology.
Psychology as a Science
Table of Contents:
- THE EMERGENCE OF PSYCHOLOGY
- DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY
- BASIC SCIENTIFIC PSYCHOLOGICAL SCHOOLS
- STRUCTURALISM
- FUNCTIONALISM
- PSYCHOANALYTIC SCHOOL
- THE STRUCTURE OF THE PSYCHE
- CRITICISM OF PSYCHOANALYSIS
- BEHAVIORISM
- GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY
- HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY
- COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
- BRANCHES OF PSYCHOLOGY
- RESEARCH METHODS
History ppt
Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and behavior. Some key developments in the field include Wilhelm Wundt opening the first psychology lab in 1879, Sigmund Freud founding psychoanalysis and developing talk therapy in the late 1800s, John Watson establishing behaviorism in the early 1900s, and Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers founding humanistic psychology in the mid-1900s with its emphasis on self-actualization and free will. The field has sought to understand human behavior through scientific research methods including experiments, theories, and various psychological perspectives.
wilhelm wundt-2.pptx
Wilhelm Wundt is considered the founder of modern psychology. He established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany in 1875 where he conducted experiments using introspection. Wundt believed psychology should be studied scientifically as an independent field focusing on conscious experience. He made major contributions including introducing experimental methods, establishing psychology as an academic discipline, and outlining early theories on sensations, feelings, and higher mental processes. However, his ideas faced criticism regarding the reliability of introspection.
List of famous Psychologists and their contribution..pdf
This document provides a list of famous psychologists and their contributions to the field of psychology. It discusses several influential figures such as Sigmund Freud, B.F. Skinner, Jean Piaget, Albert Bandura, and others. It also notes that while textbooks often overlook important female psychologists, many pioneering women made significant contributions despite facing discrimination, including Anna Freud, Mary Whiton Calkins, Mary Ainsworth, and others. The document aims to provide insight into major theoretical outlooks in psychology and recognize important female leaders in the field.
History and Background Of Psychology - Basic Introduction
Wilhelm Wundt is considered the founder of modern psychology. In 1879, he opened the first laboratory dedicated to psychological research at the University of Leipzig in Germany, marking the start of psychology as a scientific field. Wundt is often referred to as the "father of psychology". Some other important figures in early psychology include William James, who established a similar lab at Harvard in 1879, and Sigmund Freud, who developed psychoanalysis.
Introduction
Psychology began as a branch of philosophy but emerged as a scientific field in the late 19th century. Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychology laboratory in Germany in 1879, marking the birth of modern scientific psychology. Early perspectives included structuralism, which examined the components of the mind, and functionalism, which studied how the mind allows organisms to adapt. Later, gestalt psychology emphasized studying consciousness as a whole rather than in parts. Today, major perspectives include biological/neuroscience, psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, and humanistic approaches.
Introduction
Psychology began as a branch of philosophy but emerged as a scientific field in the late 19th century. Early psychologists had differing views on the structure and function of the mind, leading to schools of thought like structuralism, functionalism, and Gestalt psychology. Today, psychology incorporates multiple perspectives including neuroscience, psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, and humanistic approaches to fully understand human behavior.
Similar to Psychology (short info) (20)
List of famous Psychologists and their contribution..pdf
List of famous Psychologists and their contribution..pdf
History and Background Of Psychology - Basic Introduction
History and Background Of Psychology - Basic Introduction
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Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart Agriculture
Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart AgricultureInternational Food Policy Research Institute- South Asia Office
PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
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With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
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Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Presentation given at the official farewell of Prof Ken Gillet at Wageningen on 13 June 2024
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
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Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
在线办理(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE .
Austrian-Slovenian HPC Meeting 2024 – ASHPC24, Seeblickhotel Grundlsee in Austria, 10–13 June 2024
https://ashpc.eu/
快速办理(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
Isolation of pure culture, its various method.
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
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8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
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Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
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EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
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Psychology (short info)
- 2. HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY – Before 1870 psychology was not a separate discipline rather it was studied under Philosophy. – Some of the contributors of psychology were as follows:- Wilhelm Wundt in 1879 opened the first experimental laboratory in psychology at the in psychology at the University of Leipzig, Germany. He is considered as the father of psychology. American Psychological Association (APA) was established in 1892 and the former was G.
- 3. In 1896 Sigmund Freud developed the theory of psychoanalysis. On the basis of the therapy later on he developed the therapy of free association and dream analysis. In 1905 IQ test developed by Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon. In 1921 First Noble Prize for psychological research was given to Charles Frederick Menninger. In 1921, Ivan Pavlov developed the theory of classical conditioning through the experimental approach. B.F. Skinner proposed the theory of Operant conditioning. Sigmund Freud Ivan Pavlov
- 4. DEFINITION OF PSYCHOLOGY Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. The discipline embraces all aspects of the human experience from the functions of the brain to the actions of nations, from child development to care for the aged. In every conceivable setting from scientific research centers to mental health care services, “the understanding of behavior” is the enterprise of psychologists. “American Psychological Association”