Identification of emotions, Nature of emotions, characteristics of emotions , Components of emotion, Cognitive Component, Physiological Component, Behavioral Component, Primary Emotions, Secondary Emotions, Positive and Negative Emotions, Emotional Expressions, Emotion and Facial Expression,
“feelings states that involve a pattern of cognitive, physiological and behavioural reactions to events.”
"positive or negative experience that is associated with a particular pattern of physiological activity."
Detailed description about the types, nature, impact of negative and positive emotions on human being which relates to their buying behavior is explained well in this presentation.
Hope you all will get benefited by my work.
Identification of emotions, Nature of emotions, characteristics of emotions , Components of emotion, Cognitive Component, Physiological Component, Behavioral Component, Primary Emotions, Secondary Emotions, Positive and Negative Emotions, Emotional Expressions, Emotion and Facial Expression,
“feelings states that involve a pattern of cognitive, physiological and behavioural reactions to events.”
"positive or negative experience that is associated with a particular pattern of physiological activity."
Detailed description about the types, nature, impact of negative and positive emotions on human being which relates to their buying behavior is explained well in this presentation.
Hope you all will get benefited by my work.
.I’m a young Pakistani Blogger, Academic Writer, Freelancer, Quaidian & MPhil Scholar, Quote Lover, Co-Founder at Essar Student Fund & Blueprism Academia, belonging from Mehdiabad, Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan.
I am an academic writer & freelancer! I can work on Research Paper, Thesis Writing, Academic Research, Research Project, Proposals, Assignments, Business Plans, and Case study research.
Expertise:
Management Sciences, Business Management, Marketing, HRM, Banking, Business Marketing, Corporate Finance, International Business Management
For Order Online:
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Portfolio Link: https://blueprismacademia.wordpress.com/
Email: arguni.hasnain@gmail.com
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Personality: Meaning and Determinants of Personality, Process of Personality Formation, Personality Types, Assesment of Personality Traits for Increasing Self Awareness
.I’m a young Pakistani Blogger, Academic Writer, Freelancer, Quaidian & MPhil Scholar, Quote Lover, Co-Founder at Essar Student Fund & Blueprism Academia, belonging from Mehdiabad, Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan.
I am an academic writer & freelancer! I can work on Research Paper, Thesis Writing, Academic Research, Research Project, Proposals, Assignments, Business Plans, and Case study research.
Expertise:
Management Sciences, Business Management, Marketing, HRM, Banking, Business Marketing, Corporate Finance, International Business Management
For Order Online:
Whatsapp: +923452502478
Portfolio Link: https://blueprismacademia.wordpress.com/
Email: arguni.hasnain@gmail.com
Follow Me:
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Facebook: arguni.hasnain
Personality: Meaning and Determinants of Personality, Process of Personality Formation, Personality Types, Assesment of Personality Traits for Increasing Self Awareness
Introduction to Emotions and Moods in Organizational BehaviorRoger Rochar
This presentation is based on Robbins and Judge's book on Organizational Behavior. Chapter 4: Emotions and Moods is thoroughly discussed in the book and the first part is adopted for this presentation done as a requirement in the study of Human Behavior in Organization for the Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Leadership program of the University of St. La Salle, Bacolod City
2nd Assignment of organization Behavior, M.com Danish Saqi
1. Differentiate between affect, emotion and moods and the importance in organizational behaviour.
2. Explain the source of emotions and moods.
3. Highlight different external constrains on emotion.
4. How do our emotion and moods influence our job performance and satisfaction? This can be explained through affective event theory (AET). Describe AET and its importance.
5. How we can implement emotion and moods in selection, decision making, creativity, motivation and leadership
6. Explain followings:
i. Problem solving teams
ii. Self managed work teams
iii. Cross functional teams
iv. Virtual teams
7. How we can create effective teams?
8. Describe the role of effective communication in organization change.
9. Explain the role of leadership in organization behaviour.
10. Explain organization behaviour in global perspective.
A Study of the effects of emotions and Personality on Physical Health using I...ijcnes
Emotions have a significant influence on the human performance and intelligent behavior.As a negative emotion, anger is the main cause in destroying ones happiness. Also the effects of anger are stress, fear etc., and they play a major role in building a negative personality. The personality plays a vital role in affecting states of emotions in any specific situations. In this paper, we analyze the emotion anger which affects physical health by relating with the dimensions of personality using Induced Neutrosophic Relational Maps. Section one describes problem of study. Section two gives the information on the development of Induced Linked Neutrosophic Relational Maps. Section three, the adaption of the problem using Induced Linked Neutrosophic Relational Maps (ILNRMs). Section four,conclusion and scope for future study.
Interested to know how EQ could develop your Human Capital and help you improve your performance and your leadership skills. Read this presentation, feel free to ask any question
Do you know what is your personality type and what role emotions play in one's personality.
This presentation helps you to explore all the personality types.
Basic concept of nginx , Apache Vs Nginx , Nginx as Loadbalancer , Nginx as Reverse proxy , Configuration of nginx as load balancer and reverse proxy .
Installation of Grafana on linux ; connectivity with Prometheus database , installation of Prometheus ; Installation of node_exporter ,Tomcat-exporter ; installation and configuration of alert manager .. Detailed step by step installation and working
PPT contain the study of the business process management of IT industry , It mainly deals with the customer and billing system . To avoid the time of serving the customer
Panchayat Season 3 - Official Trailer.pdfSuleman Rana
The dearest series "Panchayat" is set to make a victorious return with its third season, and the fervor is discernible. The authority trailer, delivered on May 28, guarantees one more enamoring venture through the country heartland of India.
Jitendra Kumar keeps on sparkling as Abhishek Tripathi, the city-reared engineer who ends up functioning as the secretary of the Panchayat office in the curious town of Phulera. His nuanced depiction of a young fellow exploring the difficulties of country life while endeavoring to adjust to his new environmental factors has earned far and wide recognition.
Neena Gupta and Raghubir Yadav return as Manju Devi and Brij Bhushan Dubey, separately. Their dynamic science and immaculate acting rejuvenate the hardships of town administration. Gupta's depiction of the town Pradhan with an ever-evolving outlook, matched with Yadav's carefully prepared exhibition, adds profundity and credibility to the story.
New Difficulties and Experiences
The trailer indicates new difficulties anticipating the characters, as Abhishek keeps on wrestling with his part in the town and his yearnings for a superior future. The series has reliably offset humor with social editorial, and Season 3 looks ready to dig much more profound into the intricacies of rustic organization and self-awareness.
Watchers can hope to see a greater amount of the enchanting and particular residents who have become fan top picks. Their connections and the one of a kind cut of-life situations give a reviving and interesting portrayal of provincial India, featuring the two its appeal and its difficulties.
A Mix of Humor and Heart
One of the signs of "Panchayat" is its capacity to mix humor with sincere narrating. The trailer features minutes that guarantee to convey giggles, as well as scenes that pull at the heartstrings. This equilibrium has been a critical calculate the show's prosperity, resounding with crowds across different socioeconomics.
Creation Greatness
The creation quality remaining parts first rate, with the beautiful setting of Phulera town filling in as a scenery that upgrades the narrating. The meticulousness in portraying provincial life, joined with sharp composition and solid exhibitions, guarantees that "Panchayat" keeps on hanging out in the packed web series scene.
Expectation and Delivery
As the delivery date draws near, expectation for "Panchayat" Season 3 is at a record-breaking high. The authority trailer has previously created critical buzz, with fans enthusiastically anticipating the continuation of Abhishek Tripathi's excursion and the new undertakings that lie ahead in Phulera.
All in all, the authority trailer for "Panchayat" Season 3 recommends that watchers are in for another drawing in and engaging ride. Yet again with its charming characters, convincing story, and ideal mix of humor and show, the new season is set to enamor crowds. Write in your schedules and prepare to get back to the endearing universe of "Panchayat."
From the Editor's Desk: 115th Father's day Celebration - When we see Father's day in Hindu context, Nanda Baba is the most vivid figure which comes to the mind. Nanda Baba who was the foster father of Lord Krishna is known to provide love, care and affection to Lord Krishna and Balarama along with his wife Yashoda; Letter’s to the Editor: Mother's Day - Mother is a precious life for their children. Mother is life breath for her children. Mother's lap is the world happiness whose debt can never be paid.
Tom Selleck Net Worth: A Comprehensive Analysisgreendigital
Over several decades, Tom Selleck, a name synonymous with charisma. From his iconic role as Thomas Magnum in the television series "Magnum, P.I." to his enduring presence in "Blue Bloods," Selleck has captivated audiences with his versatility and charm. As a result, "Tom Selleck net worth" has become a topic of great interest among fans. and financial enthusiasts alike. This article delves deep into Tom Selleck's wealth, exploring his career, assets, endorsements. and business ventures that contribute to his impressive economic standing.
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Early Life and Career Beginnings
The Foundation of Tom Selleck's Wealth
Born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, Tom Selleck grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. His journey towards building a large net worth began with humble origins. , Selleck pursued a business administration degree at the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. But, his interest shifted towards acting. leading him to study at the Hills Playhouse under Milton Katselas.
Minor roles in television and films marked Selleck's early career. He appeared in commercials and took on small parts in T.V. series such as "The Dating Game" and "Lancer." These initial steps, although modest. laid the groundwork for his future success and the growth of Tom Selleck net worth. Breakthrough with "Magnum, P.I."
The Role that Defined Tom Selleck's Career
Tom Selleck's breakthrough came with the role of Thomas Magnum in the CBS television series "Magnum, P.I." (1980-1988). This role made him a household name and boosted his net worth. The series' popularity resulted in Selleck earning large salaries. leading to financial stability and increased recognition in Hollywood.
"Magnum P.I." garnered high ratings and critical acclaim during its run. Selleck's portrayal of the charming and resourceful private investigator resonated with audiences. making him one of the most beloved television actors of the 1980s. The success of "Magnum P.I." played a pivotal role in shaping Tom Selleck net worth, establishing him as a major star.
Film Career and Diversification
Expanding Tom Selleck's Financial Portfolio
While "Magnum, P.I." was a cornerstone of Selleck's career, he did not limit himself to television. He ventured into films, further enhancing Tom Selleck net worth. His filmography includes notable movies such as "Three Men and a Baby" (1987). which became the highest-grossing film of the year, and its sequel, "Three Men and a Little Lady" (1990). These box office successes contributed to his wealth.
Selleck's versatility allowed him to transition between genres. from comedies like "Mr. Baseball" (1992) to westerns such as "Quigley Down Under" (1990). This diversification showcased his acting range. and provided many income streams, reinforcing Tom Selleck net worth.
Television Resurgence with "Blue Bloods"
Sustaining Wealth through Consistent Success
In 2010, Tom Selleck began starring as Frank Reagan i
As a film director, I have always been awestruck by the magic of animation. Animation, a medium once considered solely for the amusement of children, has undergone a significant transformation over the years. Its evolution from a rudimentary form of entertainment to a sophisticated form of storytelling has stirred my creativity and expanded my vision, offering limitless possibilities in the realm of cinematic storytelling.
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philos...Rodney Thomas Jr
#SSAPhilosophy #DjangoUnchained #DjangoFreeman #ExistentialPhilosophy #Freedom #Identity #Justice #Courage #Rebellion #Transformation
Welcome to SSA Philosophy, your ultimate destination for diving deep into the profound philosophies of iconic characters from video games, movies, and TV shows. In this episode, we explore the powerful journey and existential philosophy of Django Freeman from Quentin Tarantino’s masterful film, "Django Unchained," in our video titled, "From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philosophy of Django Freeman!"
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained – The Philosophy of Django Freeman!
Join me as we delve into the existential philosophy of Django Freeman, uncovering the profound lessons and timeless wisdom his character offers. Through his story, we find inspiration in the power of choice, the quest for justice, and the courage to defy oppression. Django Freeman’s philosophy is a testament to the human spirit’s unyielding drive for freedom and justice.
Don’t forget to like, comment, and subscribe to SSA Philosophy for more in-depth explorations of the philosophies behind your favorite characters. Hit the notification bell to stay updated on our latest videos. Let’s discover the principles that shape these icons and the profound lessons they offer.
Django Freeman’s story is one of the most compelling narratives of transformation and empowerment in cinema. A former slave turned relentless bounty hunter, Django’s journey is not just a physical liberation but an existential quest for identity, justice, and retribution. This video delves into the core philosophical elements that define Django’s character and the profound choices he makes throughout his journey.
Link to video: https://youtu.be/GszqrXk38qk
Are the X-Men Marvel or DC An In-Depth Exploration.pdfXtreame HDTV
The world of comic books is vast and filled with iconic characters, gripping storylines, and legendary rivalries. Among the most famous groups of superheroes are the X-Men. Created in the early 1960s, the X-Men have become a cultural phenomenon, featuring in comics, animated series, and blockbuster movies. A common question among newcomers to the comic book world is: Are the X-Men Marvel or DC? This article delves into the history, creators, and significant moments of the X-Men to provide a comprehensive answer.
In the vast landscape of cinema, stories have been told, retold, and reimagined in countless ways. At the heart of this narrative evolution lies the concept of a "remake". A successful remake allows us to revisit cherished tales through a fresh lens, often reflecting a different era's perspective or harnessing the power of advanced technology. Yet, the question remains, what makes a remake successful? Today, we will delve deeper into this subject, identifying the key ingredients that contribute to the success of a remake.
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Maximizing Your Streaming Experience with XCIPTV- Tips for 2024.pdfXtreame HDTV
In today’s digital age, streaming services have become an integral part of our entertainment lives. Among the myriad of options available, XCIPTV stands out as a premier choice for those seeking seamless, high-quality streaming. This comprehensive guide will delve into the features, benefits, and user experience of XCIPTV, illustrating why it is a top contender in the IPTV industry.
Meet Crazyjamjam - A TikTok Sensation | Blog EternalBlog Eternal
Crazyjamjam, the TikTok star everyone's talking about! Uncover her secrets to success, viral trends, and more in this exclusive feature on Blog Eternal.
Source: https://blogeternal.com/celebrity/crazyjamjam-leaks/
Skeem Saam in June 2024 available on ForumIsaac More
Monday, June 3, 2024 - Episode 241: Sergeant Rathebe nabs a top scammer in Turfloop. Meikie is furious at her uncle's reaction to the truth about Ntswaki.
Tuesday, June 4, 2024 - Episode 242: Babeile uncovers the truth behind Rathebe’s latest actions. Leeto's announcement shocks his employees, and Ntswaki’s ordeal haunts her family.
Wednesday, June 5, 2024 - Episode 243: Rathebe blocks Babeile from investigating further. Melita warns Eunice to stay clear of Mr. Kgomo.
Thursday, June 6, 2024 - Episode 244: Tbose surrenders to the police while an intruder meddles in his affairs. Rathebe's secret mission faces a setback.
Friday, June 7, 2024 - Episode 245: Rathebe’s antics reach Kganyago. Tbose dodges a bullet, but a nightmare looms. Mr. Kgomo accuses Melita of witchcraft.
Monday, June 10, 2024 - Episode 246: Ntswaki struggles on her first day back at school. Babeile is stunned by Rathebe’s romance with Bullet Mabuza.
Tuesday, June 11, 2024 - Episode 247: An unexpected turn halts Rathebe’s investigation. The press discovers Mr. Kgomo’s affair with a young employee.
Wednesday, June 12, 2024 - Episode 248: Rathebe chases a criminal, resorting to gunfire. Turf High is rife with tension and transfer threats.
Thursday, June 13, 2024 - Episode 249: Rathebe traps Kganyago. John warns Toby to stop harassing Ntswaki.
Friday, June 14, 2024 - Episode 250: Babeile is cleared to investigate Rathebe. Melita gains Mr. Kgomo’s trust, and Jacobeth devises a financial solution.
Monday, June 17, 2024 - Episode 251: Rathebe feels the pressure as Babeile closes in. Mr. Kgomo and Eunice clash. Jacobeth risks her safety in pursuit of Kganyago.
Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - Episode 252: Bullet Mabuza retaliates against Jacobeth. Pitsi inadvertently reveals his parents’ plans. Nkosi is shocked by Khwezi’s decision on LJ’s future.
Wednesday, June 19, 2024 - Episode 253: Jacobeth is ensnared in deceit. Evelyn is stressed over Toby’s case, and Letetswe reveals shocking academic results.
Thursday, June 20, 2024 - Episode 254: Elizabeth learns Jacobeth is in Mpumalanga. Kganyago's past is exposed, and Lehasa discovers his son is in KZN.
Friday, June 21, 2024 - Episode 255: Elizabeth confirms Jacobeth’s dubious activities in Mpumalanga. Rathebe lies about her relationship with Bullet, and Jacobeth faces theft accusations.
Monday, June 24, 2024 - Episode 256: Rathebe spies on Kganyago. Lehasa plans to retrieve his son from KZN, fearing what awaits.
Tuesday, June 25, 2024 - Episode 257: MaNtuli fears for Kwaito’s safety in Mpumalanga. Mr. Kgomo and Melita reconcile.
Wednesday, June 26, 2024 - Episode 258: Kganyago makes a bold escape. Elizabeth receives a shocking message from Kwaito. Mrs. Khoza defends her husband against scam accusations.
Thursday, June 27, 2024 - Episode 259: Babeile's skillful arrest changes the game. Tbose and Kwaito face a hostage crisis.
Friday, June 28, 2024 - Episode 260: Two women face the reality of being scammed. Turf is rocked by breaking
Scandal! Teasers June 2024 on etv Forum.co.zaIsaac More
Monday, 3 June 2024
Episode 47
A friend is compelled to expose a manipulative scheme to prevent another from making a grave mistake. In a frantic bid to save Jojo, Phakamile agrees to a meeting that unbeknownst to her, will seal her fate.
Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Episode 48
A mother, with her son's best interests at heart, finds him unready to heed her advice. Motshabi finds herself in an unmanageable situation, sinking fast like in quicksand.
Wednesday, 5 June 2024
Episode 49
A woman fabricates a diabolical lie to cover up an indiscretion. Overwhelmed by guilt, she makes a spontaneous confession that could be devastating to another heart.
Thursday, 6 June 2024
Episode 50
Linda unwittingly discloses damning information. Nhlamulo and Vuvu try to guide their friend towards the right decision.
Friday, 7 June 2024
Episode 51
Jojo's life continues to spiral out of control. Dintle weaves a web of lies to conceal that she is not as successful as everyone believes.
Monday, 10 June 2024
Episode 52
A heated confrontation between lovers leads to a devastating admission of guilt. Dintle's desperation takes a new turn, leaving her with dwindling options.
Tuesday, 11 June 2024
Episode 53
Unable to resort to violence, Taps issues a verbal threat, leaving Mdala unsettled. A sister must explain her life choices to regain her brother's trust.
Wednesday, 12 June 2024
Episode 54
Winnie makes a very troubling discovery. Taps follows through on his threat, leaving a woman reeling. Layla, oblivious to the truth, offers an incentive.
Thursday, 13 June 2024
Episode 55
A nosy relative arrives just in time to thwart a man's fatal decision. Dintle manipulates Khanyi to tug at Mo's heartstrings and get what she wants.
Friday, 14 June 2024
Episode 56
Tlhogi is shocked by Mdala's reaction following the revelation of their indiscretion. Jojo is in disbelief when the punishment for his crime is revealed.
Monday, 17 June 2024
Episode 57
A woman reprimands another to stay in her lane, leading to a damning revelation. A man decides to leave his broken life behind.
Tuesday, 18 June 2024
Episode 58
Nhlamulo learns that due to his actions, his worst fears have come true. Caiphus' extravagant promises to suppliers get him into trouble with Ndu.
Wednesday, 19 June 2024
Episode 59
A woman manages to kill two birds with one stone. Business doom looms over Chillax. A sobering incident makes a woman realize how far she's fallen.
Thursday, 20 June 2024
Episode 60
Taps' offer to help Nhlamulo comes with hidden motives. Caiphus' new ideas for Chillax have MaHilda excited. A blast from the past recognizes Dintle, not for her newfound fame.
Friday, 21 June 2024
Episode 61
Taps is hungry for revenge and finds a rope to hang Mdala with. Chillax's new job opportunity elicits mixed reactions from the public. Roommates' initial meeting starts off on the wrong foot.
Monday, 24 June 2024
Episode 62
Taps seizes new information and recruits someone on the inside. Mary's new job
Project Report On Emotion At Work Place -- Dhrubaji Mandal
1. Emotion
(Emotion at Work Place)
CONTROLLING YOUR FEELINGS... BEFORE THEY CONTROL YOU
Submitted to
Shri Anil Anand Pathak
Associate Professor, Organizational Behavior Submitted By:
Management Development Institute Dhrubaji Mandal
24/09/2013
2. ABSTRACT
Although the experience of work is saturated with emotion, research has generally neglected the impact
of everyday emotions on organizational life. Further, organizational scholars and practitioners
frequently appear to assume that emotionality is the antithesis of rationality and, thus, frequently hold a
pejorative view of emotion. This has led to four institutionalized mechanisms for regulating the
experience and expression of emotion in the workplace: (1) neutralizing, (2) buffering, (3) prescribing,
and (4) normalizing emotion. In contrast to this perspective, we argue that emotionality and rationality
are interpenetrated, emotions are an integral and inseparable part of organizational life, and emotions
are often functional for the organization. This argument is illustrated by applications to motivation,
leadership, and group dynamics.
3. Table of Contents
Introduction to Emotion ............................................................................ 3
The role of emotions .............................................................................. 4
Positive & Negative emotions ...................................................................... 4
Emotion in the Workplace ..............................……………………………… 7
Types of Emotion..................................................................................... 8
Emotion, Attitude, AND Behavior .......................................................... 9
How emotions influence attitudes and behavior............................................ 10
Emotional Labor ............................................................................. 11
Organizations requiring high Emotional Labour ..........…………………. 12
Emotional Dissonance................................... …………………………. … 13
Emotional Intelligence ................................. …………………………….. . 14
How to raise your emotional intelligence............................................... 14
Job Satisfaction and It Impact On Employee Emotion ....... ……………. 16
Conclusion and References .................................................................. 17
4. Introduction to Emotion
What Are Emotions?
Emotions are intense feelings that are directed at someone or something
In psychology and philosophy, emotion is a subjective, conscious experience that is characterized
primarily by psychophysiological expressions, biological reactions, and mental states. Emotion is often
associated and considered reciprocally influential with mood, temperament, personality, disposition,
and motivation, [citation needed] as well as influenced by hormones and neurotransmitters such as
dopamine, noradrenaline, serotonin, oxytocin, cortisol and GABA. Emotion is often the driving force
behind motivation, positive or negative. An alternative definition of emotion is a "positive or negative
experience that is associated with a particular pattern of physiological activity.
“Emotions normally are associated with specific events or occurrences and are intense enough to
disrupt thought processes.” Moods on the other hand, are more “generalized feelings or states that are
not typically identified with a particular stimulus and not sufficiently intense to interrupt ongoing
thought processes”. There can be many consequences for allowing negative emotions to affect your
general attitude or mood at work. “Emotions and emotion management is a prominent feature of
organizational life. It is crucial “to create a publicly observable and desirable emotional display as a part
of a job role.
5. The role of Emotions
Emotions play such a big role in our lives that there are more than 600 words in English to
describe them verbally, not to mention 43 facial muscles to express them physically. And
although human beings speak more than 6,000 languages, about 90 percent of people across
different cultures have no trouble figuring out if someone is registering happiness, surprise, or
disgust just by looking at the person’s face. We are supersensitive to the slightest shift in
people’s facial expressions, especially if they are registering fear or anger. We are not slaves to
emotional cues and triggers. We can use reason to evaluate our emotions, interpret them, and
even reassess our initial reaction to them. We can soften their impact or shift their meaning.[6] In
other words, we can control our own emotions as well as the effect that other people’s emotions
have on us. In fact, the ability to detect, assess, and control one’s emotions is one of the
predictors of success in relating to the other.
So, somewhat paradoxically, connecting with the other depends on developing a deep
understanding of ourselves — what triggers our strongest emotions, and how the emotions we
show impact others. For example, an executive who understands that looming deadlines bring
out the worse in her won’t schedule an important meeting if she has work piling up. A manager
who knows that talking about certain subjects tends to get him angry will think twice before
reacting to an opinion that would normally set him off
Positive & Negative Emotions
Positive emotions at work such as high achievement and excitement have “desirable effect
independent of a person's relationships with others, including greater task activity, persistence and
enhanced cognitive function. “Strong positive emotions of emotionally intelligent people [include]
optimism, positive mood, self-efficacy, and emotional resilience to persevere under adverse
circumstances. “Optimism rests on the premise that failure is not inherent in the individual; it may be
attributed to circumstances that may be changed with a refocusing of effort
Negative emotions at work can be formed by “work overload, lack of rewards, and social relations which
appear to be the most stressful work-related factors”.[16] “Cynicism is a negative affective reaction to
the organization. Cynics feel contempt, distress, shame, and even disgust when they reflect upon their
organizations” (Abraham, 1999). Negative emotions are caused by “a range of workplace issues,
including aggression, verbal abuse, sexual harassment, computer flaming, blogging, assertiveness
training, grapevines, and non-verbal behavior
6. Graphical view For Positive & Negative emotions
Positive Moods are Highest
At the End of the Week
In the Middle Part of the Day
Negative Moods are Highest
At the Beginning of the Week
And show little variation throughout the day
7. EMOTIONS IN THE WORKPLACE
Emotions have a profound effect on almost everything we do in the workplace. This is a strong
statement, and one that you would rarely find a decade ago in organizational behavior research or
textbooks. For most of its history, the field of OB assumed that a person’s thoughts and actions are
governed primarily by con- scions reasoning (called cognitions). Yet, groundbreaking neuroscience
discoveries have revealed that our perceptions, decisions, and behavior are influenced by both cognition
and emotion, and that the latter often has the greater influence. By ignoring emotionality, many
theories have overlooked a large piece of the puzzle about human behavior in the workplace.
Today, OB scholars and their colleagues in marketing, economics, and many other social sciences,
are catching up by making emotions a key part of their research and theories.2 so, what are emotions?
Emotions are physiological, behavioral, and psychological episodes experienced toward an object,
person, or event that create a state of readiness. There are four key elements of this definition.
First, emotions are brief events or “episodes.” Your irritation with a customer, for instance, would
typically subside within a few minutes.
Second, emotions are directed toward someone or something. We experience joy, fear, anger, and
other emotional episodes toward tasks, customers, public speeches we present, a soft- ware program
we are using, and so on. These contrasts with moods, which are less intense emotional states that
are not directed toward anything in particular.
Third, emotions are experiences. They represent changes in a person’s physiological conditions, such as
blood pressure, heart rate, and perspiration, as well as changes in behavior, such as facial expression,
voice tone, and eye movement. These emotional reactions are involuntary and often occur without our
awareness. When aware of these responses, we also develop feelings (worry, fear, boredom) that
further mark the emotional experience.
The experience of emotion also relates to the fourth element, namely, that emotions put people in a
state of readiness. When we get worried, for example, our heart rate and blood pressure increase to
make our body better prepared to engage in fight or flight. Emotions are also communications to our
conscious selves. Some emotions (e.g., anger, surprise, fear) are particularly strong “triggers” that
interrupt our train of thought, demand our attention, and generate the motivation to take action. They
make us aware of events that may affect our survival and well-being
8. TYPES OF EMOTIONS
Emotions play such a big role in our lives that there are more than 600 words in English to describe them
verbally, not to mention 43 facial muscles to express them physically. And although human beings speak
more than 6,000 languages, about 90 percent of people across different cultures have no trouble
figuring out if someone is registering happiness, surprise, or disgust just by looking at the person’s face.
We are supersensitive to the slightest shift in people’s facial expressions, especially if they are
registering fear or anger.
We are not slaves to emotional cues and triggers. We can use reason to evaluate our emotions,
interpret them, and even reassess our initial reaction to them. We can soften their impact or shift their
meaning.[6] In other words, we can control our own emotions as well as the effect that other people’s
emotions have on us. In fact, the ability to detect, assess, and control one’s emotions is one of the
predictors of success in relating to the other. So, somewhat paradoxically, connecting with the other
depends on developing a deep understanding of ourselves — what triggers our strongest emotions, and
how the emotions we show impact others.
For example, an executive who understands that looming deadlines bring out the worse in her won’t
schedule an important meeting if she has work piling up. A manager who knows that talking about
certain subjects tends to get him angry will think twice before reacting to an opinion that would
normally set him off.
9. EMOTIONS, ATTITUDES, AND BEHAVIOUR
Emotions influence our thoughts and behavior, but to explain this effect we first need to know about
attitudes. Attitudes represent the cluster of beliefs, assessed feelings, and behavioral intentions toward
a person, object, or event (called an attitude object).7 Attitudes are judgments, whereas emotions are
experiences. In other words, attitudes involve conscious logical reasoning, whereas emotions operate as
events, often without our awareness. We also experience most emotions briefly, whereas our attitude
toward someone or something is more stable over time. Attitudes include three components—beliefs,
feelings, and behavioral intentions— and we’ll look at each of them using attitude toward mergers as an
illustration:
Beliefs—these are your established perceptions about the attitude object—what you believe to be
true. For example, you might believe that mergers reduce job security for employees in the merged
firms. Or you might believe that mergers increase the company’s competitiveness in this era of
globalization. These beliefs are perceived facts that you acquire from past experience and other forms of
learning.
Feelings—Feelings represent your positive or negative evaluations of the attitude object. Some people
think mergers are good; others think they are bad. You’re like or dislike of mergers represents your
assessed feelings toward the attitude object.
Behavioral intentions—these represent your motivation to engage in a particular behavior with
respect to the attitude object. You might plan to quit rather than stay with the company during the
merger. Alternatively, you might intend to email the company CEO to say that this merger was a good
decision.
10. How emotions influence attitudes and behavior
The cognitive model has dominated attitude research for decades, yet we now know that it only partially
describes what really happens. According to neuroscience research, incoming information from our
senses is routed to the emotional center as well as the cognitive (logical reasoning) center of our
brain.10 We have already described the logical reasoning process, depicted on the left side of Exhibit
More specifically, the emotional center quickly and imprecisely evaluates whether the incoming
sensory information supports or threatens our innate drives, then attaches emotional markers to the
information. These are not calculated feelings; they are automatic and unconscious emotional responses
based on very thin slices of sensory information. Returning to our previous example, you might
experience excitement, worry, nervousness, or happiness upon learning that your company intends to
merge with a competitor.
.The influence of both logical reasoning and emotions on attitudes is most apparent when they disagree
with each other. Everyone occasionally experiences this mental tug-of-war, sensing that something isn’t
right even though they can’t think of any logical reason to be concerned. This conflicting experience
indicates that our logical analysis of the situation can’t identify reasons to support the automatic
emotional reaction should we pay attention to our emotional response or our logical analysis? This
question is not easy to answer because, as we just learned, the emotional and rational processes
interact with each other so closely. However, some studies indicate that while executives tend to make
quick decisions based on their gut feelings (emotional response), the best decisions tend to occur when
executives spend time logically evaluating the situation. Thus, we should pay attention to both the
cognitive and emotional side of the attitude model, and hope they agree with each other most of the
time!
11. Emotional Labor
Emotional labor is a form of emotion regulation that creates a publicly visible facial and bodily display.
While emotion work happens within the private sphere, emotional labor is emotional management
within the workforce that creates a situation in which the emotion management by workers can be
exchanged in the marketplace.
Example professions that require emotional labor are: nurses, doctors, waiting staff, and television
actors However, as the U.S. economy moves from a manufacturing to a service-based economy, many
more workers in a variety of occupational fields are expected to manage their emotions according to
employer demands when compared to sixty years Ago.
Emotional labor is emotion management within the workplace according to employer expectations.
According to Hoch child (1983), the emotion management by employers creates a situation in which this
emotion management can be exchanged in the marketplace. Jobs involving emotional labor is defined as
those that:
1. Require face-to-face or voice-to-voice contact with the public.
2. Require the worker to produce an emotional state in another person.
3. Allow the employer, through training and supervision, to exercise a degree of control over the
emotional activities of employees
12. Organizations requiring high Emotional Labor
Every day, we demand that people display emotions they’re not feeling. Studies indicate that
emotional labor jobs require the worker to produce an emotional state in another person. For example,
flight attendants are encouraged to create good cheer in passengers and bill collectors promote anxiety
in debtors. Research on emotional contagion has shown that exposure to an individual expressing
positive or negative emotions can produce a corresponding change in the emotional state of the
observer. Accordingly, a recent study reveals that employees' display of positive emotions is indeed
positively related to customers' positive affect.
Positive affective display in service interactions, such as smiling and conveying friendliness, are
positively associated with important customer outcomes, such as intention to return, intention to
recommend a store to others, and perception of overall service quality.[23] There is evidence that
emotion labor may lead to employee's emotional exhaustion and burnout over time, and may also
reduce employee's job satisfaction. That is, higher degree of using emotion regulation on the job is
related to higher levels of employees' emotional exhaustion, and lower levels of employees' job
satisfaction.
There is empirical evidence that higher levels of emotional labor demands are not uniformly rewarded
with higher wages. Rather, the reward is dependent on the level of general cognitive demands required
by the job. That is, occupations with high cognitive demands evidence wage returns with increasing
emotional labor demands; whereas occupations low in cognitive demands evidence a wage "penalty"
with increasing emotional labor demand
13. EMOTIONAL DISSONANCE
Emotional labour can be challenging for most of us because it is difficult to conceal true emotions and to
display the emotions required by the job. The main problem is that joy, sadness, worry and other
emotions automatically activate a complex set of facial muscles that are difficult to prevent, and equally
difficult to fake. Our true emotions tend to reveal themselves as subtle gestures, usually without our
awareness. Meanwhile, pretending to be cheerful or concerned is difficult because several specific facial
muscles and body positions must be coordinated. More often than not, observers see when we are
faking and sense that we feel a different emotion.
Along with the challenges of hiding and displaying emotions, emotional labour often creates a conflict
between required and true emotions, called emotional dissonance. The larger the conflict between the
required and true emotions, the more employees tends to experience stress, job burnout, and
psychological separation from self (i.e., work alienation). These negative outcomes of emotional
dissonance occur when engaging in surface acting—modifying behavior to be consistent with required
emotions but continuing to hold different internal feelings. Deep acting, on the other hand, involves
changing true emotions to match the required emotions. Rather than feeling irritated by a particular
customer, you might view the difficult person as an opportunity to test your sales skills.
This change in perspective can potentially generate more positive emotions next time you meet that
difficult customer, who produces friendlier displays of emotion.30 Along with teaching employees how
to apply deep acting, companies minimize emotional dissonance by hiring people with a natural
tendency to display desired emotions.
For example, when Domino Pizza opens new stores, it looks for job applicants with a “happy, cheery”
attitude. The American restaurant franchise believes that it is easier to teach new skills than attitudes.
“We hire for attitude and train for skill,” says one of Cacti’s franchisees. In some respects, this also
means that Domino and other companies look for people with well-developed emotional intelligence.
14. EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
The ability to express and control our own emotions is important, but so is our ability to understand,
interpret, and respond to the emotions of others. Imagine a world where you couldn't understand when
a friend was feeling sad or when a co-worker was angry. Psychologists refer to this ability as emotional
intelligence, and some experts even suggest that it can be more important than IQ. Learn more about
exactly what emotional intelligence is, how it works, and how it is measured.
Since 1990, Peter Salvoes and John D. Mayer have been the leading researchers on emotional
intelligence. In their influential article "Emotional Intelligence," they defined emotional intelligence as,
"the subset of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor one's own and others' feelings and
emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide one's thinking and actions
Salvoes and Mayer proposed a model that identified four different factors of emotional intelligence: the
perception of emotion, the ability reason using emotions, the ability to understand emotion and the
ability to manage emotions.
Perceiving Emotions: The first step in understanding emotions is to accurately perceive them. In many
cases, this might involve understanding nonverbal signals such as body language and facial expressions.
Reasoning With Emotions: The next step involves using emotions to promote thinking and cognitive
activity. Emotions help prioritize what we pay attention and react to; we respond emotionally to things
that garner our attention.
15. Understanding Emotions: The emotions that we perceive can carry a wide variety of meanings. If
someone is expressing angry emotions, the observer must interpret the cause of their anger and what it
might mean. For example, if your boss is acting angry, it might mean that he is dissatisfied with your
work; or it could be because he got a speeding ticket on his way to work that morning or that he's been
fighting with his wife.
Managing Emotions: The ability to manage emotions effectively is a key part of emotional intelligence.
Regulating emotions, responding appropriately and responding to the emotions of others are all
important aspect of emotional management.
According to Salvoes and Mayer, the four branches of their model are, "arranged from more basic
psychological processes to higher, more psychologically integrated processes. For example, the lowest
level branch concerns the (relatively) simple abilities of perceiving and expressing emotion. In contrast,
the highest level branch concerns the conscious, reflective regulation of emotion
How to raise your Emotional Intelligence
All information to the brain comes through our senses, and when this information is overwhelmingly
stressful or emotional, instinct will take over and our ability to act will be limited to the flight, fight, or
freeze response. Therefore, to have access to the wide range of choices and the ability to make good
decisions, we need to be able to bring our emotions into balance at will.
Memory is also strongly linked to emotion. By learning to use the emotional part of your brain as well as
the rational, you’ll not only expand your range of choices when it comes to responding to a new event,
but you’ll also factor emotional memory into your decision-making process. This will help prevent you
from continually repeating earlier mistakes.
To improve your emotional intelligence—and your decision-making abilities—you need to understand
and control the emotional side of your brain. This is done by developing five key skills. By mastering the
first two skills, you’ll find skills three, four, and five much easier to learn. Developing emotional
intelligence through five key skills:
Emotional intelligence (EQ) consists of five key skills, each building on the last:
The ability to quickly reduce stress
The ability to recognize and manage your emotions
The ability to connect with others using nonverbal communication
The ability to use humor and play to deal with challenges
The ability to resolve conflicts positively and with confidence
16. Job Satisfaction and It Impact On Employee Emotion
Job satisfaction, which is probably the most studied attitude in organizational behavior, represents a
person’s evaluation of his or her job and work context it is an appraisal of the perceived job
characteristics, work environment, and emotional experiences at work. Satisfied employees have a
favorable evaluation of their job, based on their observations and emotional experiences. Job
satisfaction is really a collection of attitudes and Emotion about different aspects of the job and work
context.
An employee is critically affected by their behaviors in the workplace. An employee’s emotions and
overall temperament have a significant impact on his job performance, decision making skills, team
spirit, and leadership and turnover. What employees feel and how they express their emotions affects
their performance. Emotions directly influence decision making, creativity and interpersonal relations.
This research study analyzes the effects of emotions on employees’ job performance and investigates
the relationship between anger, interest, and trust of an individual in the work place with job
performance. Results showed that emotions in the workplace were considered important in relation to
employees’ well-being and job satisfaction only. Anger often leads to aggressions towards colleagues
while sadness leads to dissatisfaction with the job. An emotion like anger, interest trust is not
instantaneous, nor is it prolonged like a mood; rather emotion is a brief episode of synchronized
changes in mind and body which directly affects the employee’s performance.
Job satisfaction is how content an individual is with his or her job. Scholars and human resource
professionals generally make a distinction between affective job satisfaction [1] and cognitive job
satisfaction. Affective job satisfaction is the extent of pleasurable emotional feelings individuals have
about their jobs overall, and is different to cognitive job satisfaction which is the extent of individuals’
satisfaction with particular facets of their jobs, such as pay, pension arrangements, working hours, and
numerous other aspects of their jobs..
17. Conclusion & References:
Emotions are physiological, behavioral, and psycho- logical episodes experienced toward an object,
person, or event that create a state of readiness. Emotions are typically organized into a bipolar circle
based on their pleasantness and activation. Emotions differ from attitudes, which represent the cluster of
beliefs, feelings, and behavioral intentions toward a person, object, or event. Beliefs are a person’s
established perceptions about the attitude object. Feelings are positive or negative evaluations of the
attitude object.
Behavioral intentions represent a motivation to engage in a particular behavior with respect to the target.
Attitudes have traditionally been described as a process in which we logically calculate our feelings
toward the attitude object based on an analysis of our beliefs. Thus, beliefs predict feelings, which predict
behavioral intentions, which predict behavior. But this traditional perspective overlooks the role of
emotions, which have an important influence on attitudes and behavior. Emotions typically form before
we think through situations, so they influence this rational attitude formation process.
The extent to which we are expected to hide or reveal our true emotions in public depends to some
extent on the culture in which we live. Emotional labour can be challenging for most of us because it is
difficult to conceal true emotions and to display the emotions required by the job. It also creates
emotional dissonance when required and true emotions are incompatible with each other.
Emotional intelligence is the ability to perceive and express emotion, assimilate emotion in thought,
under- stand and reason with emotion, and regulate emotion in oneself and others. This concept includes
four components arranged in a hierarchy: self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and
relationship management. Emotional intelligence can be learned to some extent, particularly through
personal coaching.
REFERENCES :
S.Nelton “ Emotions at workplace “, Nations Business
Ashforth and Humphrey “Emotions at workplace”
T.M. Glomb and M.Rotundo “Emotional Labor and Wages”
B.Shiv and G. Lowenstein ”Investment and Negative Emotions”
D.R Caruso ”Emotional Intelligence “
C. Cherniss “Emotional Intelligence”
Consortium for Research on emotional intelligence in organizations 1999
International Journal of Managing Projects in Business1.4 (2008): 512-534.