Project Loon is a network of balloons travelling in the stratosphere that aims to provide internet access to rural and remote areas worldwide. The balloons are made of thin polyester film and use solar panels and batteries to power their electronics and communications equipment. They are designed to float 20 km above the Earth's surface in the stratosphere and use algorithms and wind patterns to maneuver into position to form a communications network. Users on the ground connect to the balloons with special antennas, and data bounces between balloons and eventually reaches a connection to the global internet. The goal is to extend internet access to the nearly half of the world's population that remains unconnected.

1. PROJECT LOON

3. CONTENTS
 OVERWIEW
 HISTORY
 HOW LOON IS DESIGN
 TECHNOLOGY
 STRATOSPHERE/WORKING
 FUTURE SCOPE
 ADVANTAGES
 DISADVANTAGES

4. overview
 The two –third of the world’s population does not yet
have internet access.
More than half of world’s population is still without internet
access .project loon is a network of balloons travelling on the
edge of space.
It design to extend internet connectivity to people in rural
and remote areas worldwide.
It is initiative taken by Google to provide internet access all
over the world.
A balloon is a flexible bag filled with air balloon .
Entire earth can communicate using internet provide by
Google balloons.

5. history
In 2008 : Google contract with space data corporation.
In 2011 : Google began unofficially developing the project
under Google x labs.
In 2013: Google announced the project officially and later
they launched the first 30 balloons in new Zealand.
In 2015: Google signed agreement with shri lanka
and Indonesia and shri lanka becomes the second
country covered with LTE internet after Vatican city.

6. ENVELOPE
SOLAR PANEL
EQUIPMENT

7. 1.ENVELOPE
 Project loon ‘s envelope are made from sheets of thin
strong polyester film about 0.076mm .
 Stand “15 meters” wide & “12 meters” tall.
 Inside envelope there is another chamber called
“Bladder”.
The balloon can move up or down “1.7 km” range through
the bladder system.
This system can help to choose suitable wind current in
stratosphere.
To have the balloon descended a fan powered by the solar
energy fills the bladder with air to move.

8. 2.SOLAR PANEL
 Solar panels sits between the envelope and payload.
 Each units electronics' are powered by an array of solar
panels.
 In full sun ,these panels produce “100 watts "of power
that is enough to keep the unit running while also
charging a battery for use at night.
 By moving with the wind and charging in the sun a loon
is able to power itself using only renew able energy
sources.

9. 3.PLAYLOAD
 the payload is a small box that holds electronics devices such as
circuit board,radio,antennas,batteries,gps,flight and sensor.
 It also contain devises to monitor weather condition.
1. Circuit board: control the overall balloon system.
2. radio antennas: communicate with other balloons and
with internet antennas on ground .
3. batteries: store solar power so the balloon can
operate in height.

10. TECHNOLOGY
(TYPES)
1.SOLAR AND BATTERY TECHNOLOGY
2.ALGORITHMIC CONTROL
3.WIRELESS MESH NETWORKING
4.ISM BANDS
 People connect to the balloon network using special internet
antenna attached to their
building.
 The signal bounces from balloon to balloon that to the global
internet back on earth

11. 1.SOLAR AND BETTRY TECHNOLOGY
Loon use “600 w” battery charged by solar panels
.these large light photo voltaic cells keeps the
weight of the balloon less so that they can run for
long mission without landing.
2.Algorithmic control
Google x has developed software that move the
balloon up or down to catch wind current based
on their direction to more or less keep the
balloons in one area

12. 3.WIRELESS MESH TECHNOLOGY
developing countries can’t afford to lay
expensive fiber cable that have to be installed
underground to allow user to connect to internet.
Mesh technology send internet packages from
balloon to balloon and sends data to end from
homes bellow that have specially built antenna
on their roof.
4.ISMbands
Full form: industrial, scientific and medical.
These bands are radio bands reserved internationally for
the use of radio frequency energy for other than
communication.

13. working
1.Where loon situated
2.How loon moves
3.How loon connects

14. WHERE LOON SITUATED
Loon balloon float in the stratosphere at 20 km altitude.
Stratosphere is second layer of atmosphere between
troposphere and mesosphere.

15. HOW LOON MOVES
Project Loon balloons travel
approximately 20 km above the
Earth’s surface in the stratosphere.
Winds in the stratosphere are
stratified, and each layer of wind
varies in speed and direction. Project
Loon uses software algorithms to
determine where its balloons need to
go, then moves each one into a layer
of wind blowing in the right
direction. By moving with the wind,
the balloons can be arranged to form
one large communications network.

16. HOW LOON CONNECTS
A user with the specialized antennas send signals via a radio
frequency ism bands to a balloon close to him
The balloon send the signals to neighboring balloons.
Then the signals reach the balloon which is connected to the local
internet.