This document discusses blow mould manufacturing and processing details. It provides information on the blow mould process, the various components involved, and the machining operations and parameters used to manufacture each component. It analyzes the design of the components and provides time studies on the estimated and actual machining times. It also discusses a case study on using tool condition monitoring to reduce costs and improve productivity. The document contains detailed tables and figures to explain the blow mould manufacturing process.
Ango mould & plastic co., ltd. (company profile )Jenny Hu
Ango Mold is a professional plastic injection mould & molding manufacturer over 10 years. Precise mold, Medium and Large size mold, Double-injection mold, Blow mold, Insert mold, Stack mold, Multi-cavity mold and Die-casting mold are can be made in Ango Mold. We meet 98% of satisfy for the quality, and 97% of meeting lead time for all of our present customers. Looking forward to work with you.
In this presentation, we will talk about the importance of technology and factory automation, along with automated manufacturing systems, types of automation, automation principles and strategies.
To know more about Welingkar School’s Distance Learning Program and courses offered, visit: http://www.welingkaronline.org/distance-learning/online-mba.html
Ango mould & plastic co., ltd. (company profile )Jenny Hu
Ango Mold is a professional plastic injection mould & molding manufacturer over 10 years. Precise mold, Medium and Large size mold, Double-injection mold, Blow mold, Insert mold, Stack mold, Multi-cavity mold and Die-casting mold are can be made in Ango Mold. We meet 98% of satisfy for the quality, and 97% of meeting lead time for all of our present customers. Looking forward to work with you.
In this presentation, we will talk about the importance of technology and factory automation, along with automated manufacturing systems, types of automation, automation principles and strategies.
To know more about Welingkar School’s Distance Learning Program and courses offered, visit: http://www.welingkaronline.org/distance-learning/online-mba.html
DESIGN OF MOULD TOOL & COOLING CHANNEL OPTIMIZATION OF REMOTE CONTROL TOP PANELIjripublishers Ijri
A plastic material is any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic solids that are moldable. Plastics are
typically organic polymers of high molecular mass, but they often contain other substances. They are usually synthetic,
most commonly derived from petrochemicals, but many are partially natural.
Molding is the process of manufacturing by shaping liquid or pliable raw material using a rigid frame called a mold or
matrix. This itself may have been made using a pattern or model of the final object.
Cooling channels are used in mold tool to reduce the temperature of the object to help molten material to solidify quickly
before the ejection. It is quite useful to increase the production rate.
The aim of this project work is to design mold structure and optimize cooling channel system to reduce effect of warpage
of remote control top panel.
This project deals with the modeling of cooler tank parametric model as per the client requirement. Finding the best manufacturing process preparing mould base for the same, analyzing different manufacturing process by doing CNC program by changing milling parameters (feed, speed, cutters….).So that optimum parameters for manufacturing will be suggested which is useful to reduce the costs and efforts. Plastic flow analysis will be conducted to check the material flow and filling. So that reduction in the pre-machining cost will be done by rectifying the problem. FEM Based analysis will be conducted on mould structure to reduce weight of the mould. And thermal analysis will be conducted to suggest optimized cooling channel design. Modeling, mould base preparation, manufacturing, cnc programming will be done
Procedure of Proactively Designing Products by Design for Manufacturability (...VayoInfo
Design for manufacturability (DFM) is the procedure of proactively designing products to improve all the manufacturing features: fabrication, assembly, test, procurement, shipping, delivery, service, and repair, and guarantee the most effective cost, quality, reliability, regulatory compliance, safety, time-to-market, and client fulfillment. VayoInfo provide the best design for manufacturability, check out VayoInfo design for manufacturing at http://www.vayoinfo.com/
OPTIMIZED DIE STRUCTURE DESIGN OF PLASTIC INJECTION MOULD USING FEM TECHNIQUEIjripublishers Ijri
The Aim of this thesis work is to reduce weight and cost of the injection mold by removing unwanted materials and using
low cost materials at non-stress region areas.
A general large size model will be prepared to design the mold structure using theoretical method.
Complete level of mold parts and assembly will be prepared to conduct analysis.
Structural analysis will be conducted on mould to find stress locations and non-effective locations.
Modifications will be done on mold according to obtained results.
A Design and Analysis of Two Plate Injection Mould Tool For Wi-Fi RouterTherm...EditorJST
This A Wi-Fi router is a device that performs the function of a wireless access point, it is used to provide
access to the internet or a private computer. It is the hardware device that provide basic infrastructure for a home
or small office network.Proposed to make a single impression semi-automatic family mould to design top and
bottom cover for Wi-Fi router to make it more aesthetic, to reduce material cost, better heat dissipation, and to
reduce the tooling cost, to make the product more competitive in the market.It is proposed select the suitable plastic
material, to modify the existing plastic product design and to develop a suitable two plate family mould of one
impression each using SIEMENS NX software. It is also proposed to make detailing of mould parts and its assembly
for manufacturing using SIEMENS NX software. The analysis was done in AUTODESK MOLDFLOW. The mould
cost, raw material cost and processing cost per component are to be estimated to find the cost per component and to
compare it with the existing component part.
Definition, need, raw materials, types of processes
Photo polymerization
Binder jetting, material extrusion
Powder bed fusion
Sheet lamination, direct energy deposition
Limitations, strengths
Programming methods.
Elcometer 107 Cross Hatch Cutter for adhesion tests provides an instant asses...MM Naina Exports
Elcometer 107 Cross Hatch Cutter for adhesion tests provides an instant assessment of the quality of the bond to the substrate. Due to its rugged construction this cross hatch gauge is ideal for thin, thick or tough coatings on all surfaces.
DESIGN OF MOULD TOOL & COOLING CHANNEL OPTIMIZATION OF REMOTE CONTROL TOP PANELIjripublishers Ijri
A plastic material is any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic solids that are moldable. Plastics are
typically organic polymers of high molecular mass, but they often contain other substances. They are usually synthetic,
most commonly derived from petrochemicals, but many are partially natural.
Molding is the process of manufacturing by shaping liquid or pliable raw material using a rigid frame called a mold or
matrix. This itself may have been made using a pattern or model of the final object.
Cooling channels are used in mold tool to reduce the temperature of the object to help molten material to solidify quickly
before the ejection. It is quite useful to increase the production rate.
The aim of this project work is to design mold structure and optimize cooling channel system to reduce effect of warpage
of remote control top panel.
This project deals with the modeling of cooler tank parametric model as per the client requirement. Finding the best manufacturing process preparing mould base for the same, analyzing different manufacturing process by doing CNC program by changing milling parameters (feed, speed, cutters….).So that optimum parameters for manufacturing will be suggested which is useful to reduce the costs and efforts. Plastic flow analysis will be conducted to check the material flow and filling. So that reduction in the pre-machining cost will be done by rectifying the problem. FEM Based analysis will be conducted on mould structure to reduce weight of the mould. And thermal analysis will be conducted to suggest optimized cooling channel design. Modeling, mould base preparation, manufacturing, cnc programming will be done
Procedure of Proactively Designing Products by Design for Manufacturability (...VayoInfo
Design for manufacturability (DFM) is the procedure of proactively designing products to improve all the manufacturing features: fabrication, assembly, test, procurement, shipping, delivery, service, and repair, and guarantee the most effective cost, quality, reliability, regulatory compliance, safety, time-to-market, and client fulfillment. VayoInfo provide the best design for manufacturability, check out VayoInfo design for manufacturing at http://www.vayoinfo.com/
OPTIMIZED DIE STRUCTURE DESIGN OF PLASTIC INJECTION MOULD USING FEM TECHNIQUEIjripublishers Ijri
The Aim of this thesis work is to reduce weight and cost of the injection mold by removing unwanted materials and using
low cost materials at non-stress region areas.
A general large size model will be prepared to design the mold structure using theoretical method.
Complete level of mold parts and assembly will be prepared to conduct analysis.
Structural analysis will be conducted on mould to find stress locations and non-effective locations.
Modifications will be done on mold according to obtained results.
A Design and Analysis of Two Plate Injection Mould Tool For Wi-Fi RouterTherm...EditorJST
This A Wi-Fi router is a device that performs the function of a wireless access point, it is used to provide
access to the internet or a private computer. It is the hardware device that provide basic infrastructure for a home
or small office network.Proposed to make a single impression semi-automatic family mould to design top and
bottom cover for Wi-Fi router to make it more aesthetic, to reduce material cost, better heat dissipation, and to
reduce the tooling cost, to make the product more competitive in the market.It is proposed select the suitable plastic
material, to modify the existing plastic product design and to develop a suitable two plate family mould of one
impression each using SIEMENS NX software. It is also proposed to make detailing of mould parts and its assembly
for manufacturing using SIEMENS NX software. The analysis was done in AUTODESK MOLDFLOW. The mould
cost, raw material cost and processing cost per component are to be estimated to find the cost per component and to
compare it with the existing component part.
Definition, need, raw materials, types of processes
Photo polymerization
Binder jetting, material extrusion
Powder bed fusion
Sheet lamination, direct energy deposition
Limitations, strengths
Programming methods.
Elcometer 107 Cross Hatch Cutter for adhesion tests provides an instant asses...MM Naina Exports
Elcometer 107 Cross Hatch Cutter for adhesion tests provides an instant assessment of the quality of the bond to the substrate. Due to its rugged construction this cross hatch gauge is ideal for thin, thick or tough coatings on all surfaces.
Elcometer 130 Salt Contamination Meter is quickly and accurately measures the...MM Naina Exports
The Elcometer 130 Salt Contamination Meter quickly and accurately measures the level of soluble salts on surfaces.
WebLink - http://www.multilab.biz/testing/elcometer-testing-equipments/surface-cleanliness/elcometer130-salt-contamination-meter.htm
Fast reading rate allows multiple tests to be completed efficiently
Pressure plate ensures a constant and uniform pressure to paper
Automatic detection of paper size and automatic adjustment of reading value
USB and Bluetooth® data output to ElcoMaster™ 2.0 software
Dust and water resistant rugged design equivalent to IP64
Automatic temperature compensation ensures accurate results
Non-oxidising gold plated contacts ensures lifetime accuracy
Stores up to 150,000 readings in 2,500 alpha numeric batches
Fully portable hand-held, ergonomic design ideal for use in the field
User Friendly
Large buttons ideal for gloved hands
Easy to use menus in multiple languages
High and low reading limit indicators
Factory calibrated for immediate use
Accurate
Conductivity measurement to ±1%
Can be used in accordance with National and International Standards
Automatic temperature compensation ensures repeatable, accurate results
Calibration verification tiles
Trend and batch readings graph formats for instant on-screen analysis
Reliable
Repeatable and reproducible measurements
2 year gauge warranty
Supplied with fully traceable Test Certificates
Batch & individual readings are stored with date and time stamp, temperature and size of test paper
Tough
Heavy duty, impact resistant, dust and waterproof design equivalent to IP64
Wipe clean sealed unit ideal for harsh environments
Scratch and solvent resistant display
Efficient
Instant readings allows multiple tests to be completed efficiently
Alpha numeric batch identification
Compatible with ElcoMaster™ 2.0 and ElcoMaster™ Mobile App
Powersave mode with 'tap awake' feature
Calibration offset allows the use of non-pure water up to 2μg/cm².
Powerful
Measuring range up to 50μg/cm² (3000ppm)
USB and Bluetooth® data output
Stores up to 150,000 readings in 2,500 batches
Soluble salt and conductivity meter in one gauge
Calibration Verification Tiles available for verifying the accuracy of the gauge
Elcometer 456 Dry Film Coating Thickness Gauge sets new standards making meas...MM Naina Exports
Elcometer 456 Dry Film Coating Thickness Gauge sets new standards making measuring dry film thickness faster, reliable and accurate Supplied in india by Multilab Chennai
http://www.multilab.biz/testing/elcometer-testing-equipments/dry-film-thickness/elcometer456-separate-coating-thickness-gauge.htm
Product Description:
The new Elcometer 456 Coating Thickness Gauge sets new standards making measuring dry film thickness faster, reliable and accurate; helping you to become more efficient.
The Elcometer 456 is available in four different models: E, B, S and T. Each coating thickness gauge provides the user with increasing functionality - from the entry level Elcometer 456 E, to the top of the range Elcometer 456 T, with memory, alpha-numeric batching and Bluetooth® communication.
Separate models, with their wide range of probes, provide even greater measurement flexibility.
All probes are fully interchangeable; whilst ferrous gauges accept any ferrous probe and non-ferrous gauges accept any non-ferrous probes the dual FNF gauges accept all ferrous, non-ferrous and dual FNF probes
Linking design and manufacturing on a PLM platformiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of mechanical and civil engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in mechanical and civil engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Process optimization of pressure die casting to eliminate defect using cae so...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Die Casting is the manufacturing process by which a liquid material is pressurized in to the mould, which contains a hallow
cavity of the desired shape, and then molten metal is allowed to solidify. The solidified part is known as casting which is ejected
or broken out to complete the process. Objective in this project is to develop tools, dies and gating system. Identify defects such as
gas defects, shrinkage cavities, and mould material defects, pouring material defects, metallurgical defects etc. and take measures
to reduce flaws by using CAE software. To reduce the amount airs entrapped in the mould by changing the gating system, runner
and overflow location and optimize the gating system and process parameters for best quality product and improved productivity.
Defects can be formed easily at critical location during pressure die casting of aluminium alloy part. It has defective effect on the
casting. Mould filling and solidification process of a part was simulated using Z-cast software.
Key Words: Casting, HPDC, Z-cast, CAE Software, Simulation.
Design of ‘plastic injection mold’ for an ‘air vent bezel’ through flow analy...eSAT Journals
Abstract Designer's of plastic injection Molds need to study from this point of view, the type of Mold to be designed, the physical Mold orientation, the dimensions for each of the element in the Mold, the location of the gate, runner, requirement of insert, draft angle requirement, shrinkage factor, location of cooling channels. Design can also be simplified by using standardized parts of the mold such as ejector pins. By eliminating the obstruction to smooth flow of plastic a good of quality component can be achieved. The effort of this thesis work is to find out the nuances in the Plastic Injection Mold Design while borrowing the inputs from the Flow Analysis (CAE) conducted for the 'Air vent bezel' to study the behavior of the Melt during flow. The Mold Design would incorporate suitable checking to ensure the best quality product in terms of `defect-free’ output. This thesis work consist methodology of plastic injection molding process, material requirement, how to overcome weld mark, shrinkage etc to satisfactorily assemble the component. Keywords: Draft angle, Shrinkage, CAE, weld mark
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal,
CNC PART PROGRAMMING AND COST ANALYSIS ON VERTICAL MACHINING CENTRE (VTC)IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
Design & Development of Injection Mold Using Flow Analysis and Higher End Des...paperpublications3
Abstract: In past Mold Design process was time taking as well as hectic. At first Drawing board, then 2D software’s were used after which patterns were made. But in this case the results were not considerable most of the times. Thus the design to market time increased immensely and also project cost required was on a higher side.
Due to the technological advancement the process of Mold Design has fastened and also the results are considerable. With the help of 3D software we can create Parametric Design, Which are editable. Also we can look at number of possibilities for designing a mold. Most importantly the process of Drawing Creation for Mold Design becomes very easy. In a 3D software Visualization of our design is easy possible. Thus our project aims at the awareness of developments of the new age technology of 3D CAD/Mold Wizard for Mold Design.
Similar to Process planing and manufacturing of a blow mould (20)
Fundamentals of Automation Technology 20EE43P Portfolio.pdfTHANMAY JS
Course Outcome:
CO01 Select a suitable sensor and actuator for a given automation application and demonstrate its use.
CO02 Install, test & control the pneumatic actuators using various pneumatic valves.
CO03 Develop ladder diagrams for a given application and explain its implementation using PLC.
CO04 Describe the concept of SCADA and DCS systems and list their various applications
Fundamentals of Computer 20CS11T Chapter 5.pdfTHANMAY JS
Chapter 05: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER PROGRAMMING
5.1 Basics of programming
• Algorithms and Flowcharts
• Basics
• Decision making
• Iterative
(With sufficient examples)
5.2 Programming Languages
• Generation of languages
• General concepts of variables and constants
Fundamentals of Computer 20CS11T Chapter 4.pdfTHANMAY JS
Chapter 04: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER ORGANIZATION & OPERATING SYSTEM
4.1 Introduction
• Overview of functional units of a computer
• Stored Program Concept
• Flynn's Classification of Computers
4.2 Memory Hierarchy
• Main memory
• Auxiliary memory
• Cache memory
4.3 Introduction to BIOS and UEFI
4.4 OS Concepts
• Overview
• Types (Batch Operating System, Multitasking/Time Sharing OS, Multiprocessing OS, Real Time OS, Distributed OS, Network OS, Mobile OS)
• Services
1.1 Introduction to number system.
• Decimal • Binary • Octal • Hexadecimal • Characteristics of each number system
1.2 Conversion from one number system to other
1.3 Complements of number systems and arithmetic operations
1.4 Computer codes (BCD, EBCDIC, ASCII Code, Gray code, Excess-3 code and Unicode)
1.5 Logic gates
1.6 Boolean algebra (rules, laws, De-Morgan Theorem, Boolean expressions and simplifications)
Solved Question Papers
Elements of Industrial Automation Week 09 Notes.pdfTHANMAY JS
Select a suitable Sensor / Switch for a given Process Variable and activate
• Selection of Sensor/Transducer – 10 Marks
• Activation and Result –20Marks
OR
Select a suitable motor for the given case and energize
• Selection of the Motor – 10 Marks
• Energize and Result – 20 Marks
Device and Simulate a ladder diagram for the given Case Study
• Writing Ladder Program –30 Marks
• Simulate and Troubleshoot –20 Marks
Elements of Industrial Automation Week 08 Notes.pdfTHANMAY JS
Select a suitable Sensor / Switch for a given Process Variable and activate
• Selection of Sensor/Transducer – 10 Marks
• Activation and Result –20Marks
OR
Select a suitable motor for the given case and energize
• Selection of the Motor – 10 Marks
• Energize and Result – 20 Marks
Device and Simulate a ladder diagram for the given Case Study
• Writing Ladder Program –30 Marks
• Simulate and Troubleshoot –20 Marks
Elements of Industrial Automation Week 07 Notes.pdfTHANMAY JS
Select a suitable Sensor / Switch for a given Process Variable and activate
• Selection of Sensor/Transducer – 10 Marks
• Activation and Result –20Marks
OR
Select a suitable motor for the given case and energize
• Selection of the Motor – 10 Marks
• Energize and Result – 20 Marks
Device and Simulate a ladder diagram for the given Case Study
• Writing Ladder Program –30 Marks
• Simulate and Troubleshoot –20 Marks
Elements of Industrial Automation Week 06 Notes.pdfTHANMAY JS
Select a suitable Sensor / Switch for a given Process Variable and activate
• Selection of Sensor/Transducer – 10 Marks
• Activation and Result –20Marks
OR
Select a suitable motor for the given case and energize
• Selection of the Motor – 10 Marks
• Energize and Result – 20 Marks
Device and Simulate a ladder diagram for the given Case Study
• Writing Ladder Program –30 Marks
• Simulate and Troubleshoot –20 Marks
Elements of Industrial Automation Week 05 Notes.pdfTHANMAY JS
Select a suitable Sensor / Switch for a given Process Variable and activate
• Selection of Sensor/Transducer – 10 Marks
• Activation and Result –20Marks
OR
Select a suitable motor for the given case and energize
• Selection of the Motor – 10 Marks
• Energize and Result – 20 Marks
Device and Simulate a ladder diagram for the given Case Study
• Writing Ladder Program –30 Marks
• Simulate and Troubleshoot –20 Marks
Elements of Industrial Automation Week 04 Notes.pdfTHANMAY JS
Select a suitable Sensor / Switch for a given Process Variable and activate
• Selection of Sensor/Transducer – 10 Marks
• Activation and Result –20Marks
OR
Select a suitable motor for the given case and energize
• Selection of the Motor – 10 Marks
• Energize and Result – 20 Marks
Device and Simulate a ladder diagram for the given Case Study
• Writing Ladder Program –30 Marks
• Simulate and Troubleshoot –20 Marks
Elements of Industrial Automation Week 03 Notes.pdfTHANMAY JS
Select a suitable Sensor / Switch for a given Process Variable and activate
• Selection of Sensor/Transducer – 10 Marks
• Activation and Result –20Marks
OR
Select a suitable motor for the given case and energize
• Selection of the Motor – 10 Marks
• Energize and Result – 20 Marks
Device and Simulate a ladder diagram for the given Case Study
• Writing Ladder Program –30 Marks
• Simulate and Troubleshoot –20 Marks
Elements of Industrial Automation Week 02 Notes.pdfTHANMAY JS
Select a suitable Sensor / Switch for a given Process Variable and activate
• Selection of Sensor/Transducer – 10 Marks
• Activation and Result –20Marks
OR
Select a suitable motor for the given case and energize
• Selection of the Motor – 10 Marks
• Energize and Result – 20 Marks
Device and Simulate a ladder diagram for the given Case Study
• Writing Ladder Program –30 Marks
• Simulate and Troubleshoot –20 Marks
Elements of Industrial Automation Week 01 Notes.pdfTHANMAY JS
Select a suitable Sensor / Switch for a given Process Variable and activate
• Selection of Sensor/Transducer – 10 Marks
• Activation and Result –20Marks
OR
Select a suitable motor for the given case and energize
• Selection of the Motor – 10 Marks
• Energize and Result – 20 Marks
Device and Simulate a ladder diagram for the given Case Study
• Writing Ladder Program –30 Marks
• Simulate and Troubleshoot –20 Marks
Automation and Robotics Week 08 Theory Notes 20ME51I.pdfTHANMAY JS
Day 01 Session:
Concepts of Industrial Robots, Applications of Robotics, Types of robots,
Configurations of robots – Articulated Robot, Polar configuration, SCARA,
Cartesian Co-ordinate Robot, Delta Robot, Key Components of Robot.
Day 02 Session:
Wrist configuration, Work Volume Degree of Freedom- Forward and Back, Up and Down, Left and Right,
Pitch, Yaw, Roll, Joint Notation & Type of joints in robot- Linear Joint (L Joint), Orthogonal Joint (O Joint),
Rotational Joint (R Joint), Twisting Joint (T Joint), Revolving Joint (V Joint)
End Effectors- Grippers, Tools, Types of grippers, Factors to be considered for Selecting a Gripper,
Robotic Drives- Electric Drive, Pneumatic Drive, Hydraulic Drive
Day 03 Session:
Robot Control systems-
• Point- to Point control Systems
• Continuous Path Control
• Intelligent control
• Controller Components
• System Control
Robotic Coordinate system using a robot
• Joint co-ordinate system
• Rectangular co-ordinate system
• User or object coordinate system
• Tool coordinate system.
Steps to define user co-ordinate system.
• Defining X, Y, Z co-ordinate system
• Verifying co-ordinate system by multiple motion movements.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
bank management system in java and mysql report1.pdf
Process planing and manufacturing of a blow mould
1. ABSTRACT This report consists of details about Blow Mould and procedure that are adopted in the processing. The Report includes observations of conventional machines to CNC machines their applications in the field of manufacturing system. The latest developments in the field of laser manufacturing system are also discussed in the report. In this report details about processing the blow moulds is mainly discussed along with the cost estimation, types of machines used, machining hour’s calculations, different complication involved and inspections done through out the completion of the process.
2. INTRODUCTION The development of the specialized machines like CNC machines, Laser machines rapidly improved the growth of the industrial production along with the quality products with lesser time period. These machines produce accurate and precise works at lesser cost. At the same time the development in the tool manufacturing side the introduction of the new tool promise longer tool life, less cost and more machining capabilities. This technological development improves the rate of production of the material and reduces the overall cost of production this in turn reduces the price value in the market and helps in business competitions with others. Every industrial unit needs specialized system of management where it needs both manufacturing and training units separately but under the same roof. The report brings out the features they adopt in training and method they adopt in manufacturing of the material from raw material stage to finish stage.
3. CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION CONTENTS
SL.NO: DESCRIPTION PAGE NO: CHAPTER 1.0: MANUFACTURING DETAILS OF 1.5 LITERS BLOW MOULD.
1.0 BLOW MOULD PROCESS DETAILS
1.1 PROCESS DETAILS CHAPTER 2.0: ANALYSIS OF PROCESSING METHOD 2.0 DESIGN ANALYSIS 2.1 TIME STUDY CHAPTER 3.0: IMPROVEMENT CASE STUDY “COST REDUCTION USING CONDITION MONITORING OF TOOLS” CHAPTER 4.0: LITERATRE SURVEY CHAPTER 5.0: RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS REFERENCES
4. CHAPTER 1.0 MANUFACTURING DETAILS OF 1.5 LITERS “BLOW MOULD”. 1.0 BLOW MOULD PROCESS DETAILS: Fig no: 1 The above figures show the working of a blow mould. The first figure shows the pre heating of the component that is in the form of test tube this pre heated component is inserted into the core and cavity of the design required. The stretch rod which holds the tube stretches up to the bottom. Hot air is blown through the tube and the plastic tube enlarges and fit to the design made. The shrinkage allowances and the cooling system given will automatically create the required design of the part.
5. This is how the blow molding process is done the main components required for these processes are
a) CORE/CAVITY
b) TOP PLATE
c) LOCATING RING
d) BOTTOM INSERT &
e) HEIGHT ADJUSTER
Fig no 2: mould core/cavity In Mold companies these components are manufactured and assembled and supplied to the customers. The processing of pet 1.5 liters blow mold starts from the marketing order, which is given in the form of “work order instructions” to planning department. The instructions given in the work order comprises of the following details. TABLE 1: WORK ORDER INSTRUCTIONS
From: Marketing
To: Planning
Order conformation number
*******
Customer
*******
Description
1500 ml shell mould painted & completed
Scope of work
04 cavity & assembly
Quantity
2 set
Drawing & specification
Design & drawing from GTTC
Raw material specification
AA2014 by customer
Date of delivery
20/09/04
Priority
Normal
6. The products received from the Company were sent to inspection for flatness and right angle perfection. The results obtained from the quality section are given below.
length
Profile area to bottom
Rework y/n
1f=299.997/300.039
0.04
Y
1m=300.018/300.051
0.05
Y
2f=299.94/299.96
0.09
N
2m=299.97/299.96
0.11
Y
The average length will be 299.90mm set as standard value to all the 4 body. After completion of the inspection the planning department analyzes the sequence of procedure that can be suitable for completion of the work and appoint a person specialized in planning and processing of that job. The main requirement for any process to be complete is the design drawings. The skillful designer knowing the requirements of the job will create the design. The designer uses the engineering drawing, which will be the communication language between the technician and the designer. After obtaining the design drawing for all these components the planner decides the requirements of raw materials required along with the raw materials size with the aid of marketing department. 1.1 PROCESS DETAILS As the Raw material arrives the processing of the components starts. The planner appointed will control the process along with allocation of machinery, tools and estimate the time for completion. The job running will be stage inspected and after every finish quality inspection will be done.
7. The processing of the job done by the planner consists of process sheet, job card and the design drawing. The format for each record is as follows: TABLE 2: JOB CARD FORMAT:
Company Name
JOB CARD
UNIT CODE:
OC number
Description:
Dept:
Drg/Part NO:
Qty:
Planned date of loading
Completion date:
Recommended
Estimated time
Actual time
Machine
Section
Operation
Special instruction
Foreman / shift in charge remark
Date:
Signature:
Job card prepared by:
Section
Name:
Date:
Production planning
This card specifies the needed information about the job. This is very important sheet that represents the movement of the component through out the process.
8. TABLE 3: PROCESS SHEET LAYOUT:
Company Name
Process sheet
Sheet no:
Customer
Date:
Part drawing number:
Material specification:
Part description code:
Raw material size:
Qty:
OC no:
Drawing SN/no:
Operation no
Process details/ Drawings
Machine
Tools and gauges
Process prepared by:
Process approved by:
Co-ordinate by:
Process sheet prepared by:
This process sheet describes the types of operation that has to be done and the machine, tool combination along with the process detail drawings. TABLE 4: OPERATION DRAWING SHEET:
Company Name
OPERATION DRAWING
OC NO:
PART NO:
REFERENCE DRAWING NO:
MACHINE:
SECTION:
DATE:
QTY:
DRAWING-------------------------
DRAWN NO:
CHECKED BY:
9. These types of records are always supplied along with the work pieces. This gives the benefits of easy understanding of the work to be done on the job in a machine. After all these bio data ready for each work the processing of the job begins. The following table arranged explains the different operations conducted on which type of machines and components along with the machining parameters. For easy understanding the tables are classified according to the type of parts processed and operations. TABLE 5: PROCESS OPERATION DETAILS
Part name
Machine used
Oper: done
Speed [rpm]
Feed [mm/rev]
D.O.C
Tool used
Time Taken
Height adjuster
NH-32
Rough turning
260
0.1
0.2
Carbide tip
3Hr/com
CNC- turn
Finishing
800
0.025
0.8
Carbide tip
3Hr/com
CNC- milling
Finishing
1200
0.03
0.5
Spotting Drilling Reaming
2Hr/com
Locating ring
NH-32
Rough turning
260
0.1
0.2
Carbide tip
2Hr/com
CNC- turning
Finishing
800
0.025
0.8
Carbide tip
2Hr/com
CNC- milling
Finishing
1200
0.03
0.5
Spotting Drilling Reaming
2Hr/com
Top plate
CNC- mill
Finishing
1200
0.03
0.5
spotting Reaming Flat drill Cot-bore
2Hr/com
CNC- turn
Finishing
800
0.025
0.8
Boring
1/2Hr
10. Part name
Machin used
Oper: done
Speed [rpm]
Feed [mm/rev]
D.O.C
Tool used
Time taken
Bottom insert
NH-32
Rough turning
260
0.1
0.2
Carbide tip
2Hr/com
CNC- turning
Finishing Grooving Step cut
800
0.025
0.8
Carbide tip
3Hr/com
CNC- milling
Slotting Profile
4000
0.02
0.5
Ball nose
18Hr/co
Core /cavity
CNC- Milling
Surfacing Profile Drilling In 3 stage Rough- cut Semi- finish finish
3000 3500 4000
0.04 0.034 0.025
0.1 0.1 0.1
16 dia 8 dia 6 dia drill bits
24Hr/co
Bench works
Hand work
deburring
----
----
----
Deburr tool
1 to 2Hr per required com
Assembly
Hand tooling
Polishing Buffing Pressure test Leak test grinding
----
----
----
Air gun Emery paper Air/water Pr. Supply
6Hr/com
11. CHAPTER 2:0 ANALYSIS OF MANUFACTURING PROCESS 2.0 DESIGN ANALYSIS
CORE/CAVITY----fig no:4
LOCATING RING----fig no: 5
HEIGHT ADJUSTER----fig no: 6
TOP PLATE----fig no: 7
BOTTOM INSERT----fog no:8
GRINDING ALLOWENCES----fig no:9
12. These design features is the communication language between the designer and the
operator. The requirements of the product will be specified in the design drawing and the
features are explained as shown in the above figures. These features will denote the
specific type of operation, the accuracy limits and the surface finish needed to be
achieved.
2.1. TIME STUDY
Fig no: 15
MACHINING TIME
30%
6% 3% 24%
11%
9%
9%
8%
CORE/CAVITY
BOTTOM INSERT
TOP PLATE
LOCATING PIN
HEIGHT
ADJUSTER
BENCH WORKS
ASSEMBLY
INSPECTION
Fig no: 16
MACHINE USAGE
65%
13%
10%
CNC MILL 3% 9%
CNC TURN
NH32
BENCH WORKS
ASSEMBLY
13. The following table explains the actual time taken for completion of the job and the calculated estimated time for each job. The calculation includes machining time with percentage addition of extra time, which is: Tool setting time Job setting time Programming time Etc. TABLE 6: MACHINING TIME
name
M/c type
Operation done
Calculated/estimated M/c time
Actual time taken
No. of setting
Height adjuster
NH-32
Rough turn
2.24hr + 0.4hr setting
3.34hr
2
CNC-T
Step turn Face turn Taper turn Threading Radius turn
0.58hr + 0.25hr programming
1.15hr
2
CNC-M
Drill Tapping
3.22 hr + 0.5 hr setting
4.12hr
2
RDU
NH-32
Rough turn ID/OD
1.33hr + 0.3hr setting
1.73hr
2
CNC-T
Face turn bore ID/OD
0.73hr + 0.25hr programming
1.15hr
2
CNC- M
Profile Drill
0.85hr + 0.5hr setting
1.43hr
2
Top ring
CNC- M
Profile Drill Counter bore
1.25hr + 0.5 hr programming & tool change & setting
1.88hr
1
CNC-T
ID/OD turn
0.22hr + 0.16hr programming
0.45hr
1
FOND
NH-32
Rough
0.41hr + 0.15hr
0.66hr
2
14. turn
setting
CNC-T
OD turn Facing
0.26hr + 0.2 hr setting
0.55hr
2
CNC- M
Profile Drill Tapping engraving
14.22hr + 0.5hr setting
7.4hr RC /9.53hr finishing =16.93hr
2
BODY
CNC- M
Profile Drill Reaming [roughing] [semi- finish] [finish]
18.56hr + 0.5 setting
19.98hr
1
Assembly
Table work Hand instruments
Polishing Buffing Pressure/ Leak test Manual
6hr
7.5hr [including surface grinding]
----
Bench work
deburring
Hand tools Manual
6hr total to all the parts
----
----
Inspection hours
Gauges CMM
Manual
5hr total to all parts
----
----
Total hours
---
---
64.65hr
77.87hr
The table above shows the time taken for the completion of all the components required for the Blow mould. The variation in the estimation time and the actual time exists due to the excess setting time taken for job and tool, part programs editing, ideal time of machines for time breaks & stage or quality inspections. These reasons are unavoidable.
15. CHAPTER 3.0 IMPROVEMENT CASE STUDIES “COST REDUCTION USING CONDITION MONITORING OF TOOLS”
In-process tool condition monitoring was first introduced in the early 1980s and is gaining acceptance as a necessary component of modern machining equipment by many manufacturers. Tool condition monitors provide rapid detection of tool and process failures such as collisions, tool breakage and tool wear. By detecting failures as they occur, manufacturers are able to improve the quality of their products up to 60% while realizing valuable savings. Tool monitoring enables greater automation and faster, more aggressive machining. Tool monitoring is so great that every manufacturer fit each machine in the plant with the latest tool monitoring technology. Whether or not one can benefit from tool monitoring depends on the particular manufacturing process. This article will discuss how to calculate the potential benefits of tool monitoring and describe the type of manufacturers who can benefit from this technology. Detecting collisions immediately can prevent serious damage to the work piece, tool and machine. Broken tools, if not detected, can lead to collisions. Tool monitoring can detect broken tools immediately and minimize damage. Tool inserts are often replaced at fixed intervals. Since normal insert life varies from 10 % to 80 50 %, fixed intervals must usually be set at the low end of the tool life curve. With this policy, inserts are often replaced well before they are 100 % worn. Detecting wear with tool monitoring allows tools to be replaced only when they are worn to a desired level, decreasing the cost of tools and the downtime associated with frequent tool changes. Depending on the application, tool monitoring may provide savings in
16. * Tool cost * Tool holder and fixture cost * Scrap and rework * Direct labour * Machine downtime * Productivity In some cases, potential benefits may be measured not only in terms of direct savings, but also in terms of the advanced machining technology that can be safely and effectively employed when combined with tool monitoring as in the following example.
EXAMPLE: HIGH VOLUME AUTOMATION USING TOOL MONITORING SYSTEM
A volume producer of cast iron parts doubled productivity through the use of sialon ceramic inserts that allowed for a 200 % increase in feed rate. While ceramic inserts can cut at very high speeds, they are more brittle than carbide inserts. Tool monitoring ensures the safe use of higher speed machines and more brittle tool materials by reducing the risk of damage to machine and parts from tool breakage and other tool or process failures. Table 1 shows the performance improvements made with the addition of a Montronix TS20OW tool monitoring system. Running eight-hour shifts, 750 shifts per year, this manufacturer was able to produce 126,000 additional parts per year. In addition to productivity improvements, direct cost savings were achieved with tool monitoring by increasing tool usage, reducing tool holder damage and reducing machine downtime. For example, prior to tool monitoring, the manufacturer-replaced tool inserts every 25 parts. With tool monitoring, the average parts per insert were increased to 37, reducing the cost of inserts and the downtime to change the tools. Tool monitoring allows high volume manufacturers to achieve more aggressive machining rates while protecting the higher cost machines used to achieve higher levels of automation. While tool monitoring always provides benefits and insights into the machining process, some manufacturers may not see sufficient benefits to economically justify tool monitoring for their operation. Tool monitoring is often not suitable for manufacturers who meet most or all of the following criteria:
17. 1. Small lot sizes 2. Low-cost machines 3. Low-cost parts 4. Continuously supervised 5. Non-aggressive conditions A job shop manually producing small lots of non-critical aluminum parts, for example, probably could not cost justify tool monitoring. TABLE 7: COMPARISON BETWEEN TOOLS AFTER MONITORING
Parameter Speed Feedrate Material removal rate Insert Cycle Time Pieces per hour
Before tool monitoring 300m/min 0,5mm/rev 375cm3/min Carbide 102sec 24
After tool monitoring 900m/min 0,8mm/rev 1,800cm3/min Sialon Ceramic 45sec 45
18. CHAPTER 4.0 LITERATURE SURVEY “MIRROR FINISH BLOW MOLD TOOLING” Patented in N.A., Germany and Japan Mirror Finish Blow Molded Products are now possible using our Super Porous Nickel Tooling. Super Porous Nickel should not be confused with our Porous Nickel Tooling. The difference between the two is the initial 0.2~0.5 mm layer of nickel and straight bore micro pores that are found on Super Porous Nickel. It is this initial layer that allows the tooling surface to be polished to a mirror finish without increasing the micro pore diameter. Fig no: 17 A SUPER POROUS NICKEL SHELL IS CAPABLE OF: 1. Withstanding up to 2000Kg/c‡u 2. Polishing and etching is possible with this type of tooling. 3. Micro pores sizes can be made from 30μ200μ According to customer request. MANUFACTURING A SUPER POROUS NICKEL BLOW MOLULD: 1. Manufacture a model. 2. Take a silicone relief of the model 3. Form an epoxy model (mandrel) from the silicone mold, this becomes the plating mandrel. 4. Place the plating mandrel into the plating tank. After applying a layer of approximately 0.2~0.5mm of nickel, the mandrel is removed from the tank. 5. Using a YAG laser, micro pores are drilled into the nickel shell. These Micro pores vary in size anywhere from 30~150μ.
6. The nickel shell is then placed into a porous nickel plating tank and 3~5mm of nickel is applied. The unique quality of the porous nickel bath prevents plugging of the micro
19. pores, and therefore leaving the straight bore micro pore. It is this straight bore design that allows the surface of the nickel shell to be polished to a mirror finish. A straight bore micro pore also provides increased strength to the nickel shell. 7. The plating mandrel is then removed from the nickel shell. 8. In order to provide sufficient strength to the nickel shell, a special back plate is manufactured. The back plate serves four purposes: 1) Provides physical support for the shell 2) Allows entrapped gases to vent out from the tool 3) Provides a momentary thermal insulation barrier
20. CHAPTER 5.0 RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS The precision engineering can be achiever using CNC-machines but cost will be high. The market value should always be specified before under taking the job. The competition for low cost high quality products can be achieved using some of the following methods:
The machine change over can be done for maximum rough work and to maintain the precision the CNC-machines can act as precision marking machine. Example for set of 12 holes has to be done the CNC- machines can drill the central drill and mark the set of position on PCD and the conventional machine can take over the rest. This type of work can also be done on the profile work where the required amount of rough work can be done on conventional milling. This type of machine change over can result in 25% reduction in the cost of production.
The discontinuity of work during the breaks can be avoided which gives more machine time, that is during the breaks and lunch hours the shifting of workers can give more machining hours.
The ratio of actual machining time and the estimated time are greatly affected by quality inspections therefore suitable gauges can be implemented next to the machine and the operator himself be trained for quality inspection this gives more knowledge to the operator about what he is doing and the inspection time gap can be reduces. By this the stage inspections can also be reduces.
Implementation of special machines like electro chemical machines. Latest versions of existing machines and constant up gradation of the software’s give more knowledge and better results in quality production.
21. “Top Ten Tips for Tooling Productivity”
Ten general tips for tooling productivity. Some of these may be old hat, but one or two may give a new insight that might lead to improved metalworking productivity where you work.” Top Ten" tips are as follows:
1. Focus on minimizing the overall machining cost of the part, not just tooling cost. Tooling represents only about 3 percent of total part cost, much less than machine time or machine labor. Follow the real money. Focus on the 97 percent all about time and not about tooling price tags.
2. When engineering a new process or troubleshooting an existing one target four main areas and set clear and measurable goals for each. Those areas are cycle time, tool life, part quality and surface finish. Rank these by priority. Also, share your goals and priorities with your vendors so they can give you better answers sooner.
3. Understand the forces involved in cutting metal and use these forces to your advantage. Cut in a direction that improves the rigidity of the setup. Consider reducing the depth of cut to convert radial forces into axial forces. Then increase the feed rate to take advantage of the higher axial rigidity.
4. Take advantage of tool geometry to improve throughput. For example, on lead- angle cutters, increase the feed rate to achieve the maximum recommended chip thickness.
5. When troubleshooting, determine whether you have a process problem or a tooling problem. Don't be too quick to blame the tool. Instead, use the mode of tool failure as a clue to the root problem. A chipped edge could indicate use of the wrong carbide grade or excess "play" in the machine or fixture, which would wreck any tool. Look at machine rigidity, feed, and speed, depth of cut, presentation angle, chip clearance and coolant. If the problem lies with the tooling, changing the tool will fix it. If the problem lies with the process, it probably won't matter what tool you use.
22. 6. Question the process. Sometimes the right answer is an unconventional approach. On larger holes in one-off or short-run work, milling a hole from solid with helical milling often makes more sense than drilling it, because large-diameter drills are more expensive and less versatile. Another example of an unusual approach that may be worthwhile is plunge milling, which removes material four times faster than slab milling on average.
7. Understand heat: Metal cutting will always generate heat, not all of it from friction. When machining steel in particular, you want just enough heat to soften the work piece material and form good chips. Avoid heat levels that can trigger hardening reactions in the material, overheat the tool or de-carbonize (crater) the insert.
8. Match tool geometry to the material being cut. Especially in job shops handling a variety of work piece materials, beware of "general purpose" tooling. Take the time to change tools when you change materials. You'll get more throughputs and make more money. Again, the price tag on the tooling is the least important part of the process- economics equation.
9. Plan the cutter path to maximize rigidity and take advantage of higher feed rates.
10. Train the engineers. Companies who send the engineers and programmers to training centers see a return on their investment each time. And that return comes fast, usually within weeks of employees completing their class. Another reason to train to is to keep up with what's new in tooling.
These ten tips are must to be noted in every industrial production. These tips may look old lines but they are applicable in modern machining system also.
23. REFERENCE
1. Philippe Poizat, "Predictive Maintenance: Defect factor: A tool to Monitor Rolling Element Bearings", Industrial products and news reporter, Vol. 9, April – June 1996, pp. 29 – 32.
2. Chen M. F. and Natsuake .M., "Preventive Monitoring System for Main Spindle of Machine Tool", Journal of vibration, acoustics, stress and reliability in design, Vol. 106, July 1989, pp. 179 – 186.
3. Mathew J., Alfredson R. J., "The Condition Monitoring of Rolling Element Bearings using Vibration Analysis", Journal of vibration, acoustics, stress and reliability in design, Vol. 106, July 1984, pp. 447 – 453.
4. Prashad .H, Malay Ghosh., "Diagnostic Monitoring of Rolling Element Bearings by High Frequency resonance Technique”, ASME Transactions, Vol 28, April 1996, pp.439-448.
24. LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO: DESCRIPTION PAGE NO:
Table 1 work order instructions Table 2 job card format Table 3 process sheet layout Table 4 operational drawing sheet Table 5 machining time Table 6 comparison between tools after monitoring
25. LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE NO: DESCRIPTIONS PAGE NO:
Fig no 1 blow mould process Fig no 2 mould core and cavity Fig no 3 assembly of blow mould Fig no 4 core and cavity Fig no 5 locating plate Fig no 6 height adjuster Fig no 7 top plate Fig no 8 bottom insert Fig no 9 grinding allowance Fig no 10 fixture for core/cavity in milling m/c Fig no 11 fixture for height adjuster in milling m/c Fig no 12 fixture for height adjuster in milling m/c Fig no 13 fixture for fond in milling m/c Fig no 14 fixture for locating plate in milling Fig no 15 machining time–graph Fig no 16 machine usage Fig no 17 super porous nickel