The training document details the importance of process drawings like process flow diagrams (PFD) and piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&ID) in understanding plant operations. It highlights the essential components of these drawings, including legends, title blocks, and the significance of electrical schematics in engineering. The document emphasizes how these diagrams simplify complex processes and facilitate effective communication among engineering personnel.

1. Process Drawings
The Basics
By
Musharif Hussain
Sr. Engineer (I&C)

2. Scope of Training
• Understand the importance of a Process Flow
sheet
• Know the various models used to represent the
process systems like Piping and Instrumentation
diagram (P&ID) and Process Flow Diagram (PFD)
etc
• Know the links between a Process drawing and
plant operation
• Explain the significance of a plant layout.
• Introduction of Software to design a process
diagram

3. Objective
• Drawings are
– Engineering Language / standardize information.
– simplifies complicated processes by using symbols
to represent unit operations.
– easy to understand manner illustrate how all the
parts or components of a system work together.

4. How by Who?
• Carry out BMRE jobs by Project Engineer/Manager
• Understand or explain a process by Process
Personnel
• Understand the process and equipment
relationships, while installation and maintenance
function by Process Technicians
• Become familiar with the process in a safe
Environment by Operating staff

5. Components
• Legend
– This is a table that explains or defines all the information of a
drawing (Symbols, Abbreviations, Numbers, Tolerances, Any
other specific detail)
• Title Block
– These are normally located in the bottom right-hand corner of
drawings (Job Nomenclature, Drawing number, Revision
number, Drawing title, Sheet number, Signatures, Allowances)
• Application Block
– Dimensions, Shapes, Descriptions, Relative position, Material of
construction, Functions

6. Types & Classification
• Block Flow Diagrams (BFD)
• Process Flow Diagrams (PFD)
• Piping/Plant and Instrument Diagrams (P&ID)
• Electrical Schematics
• Isometrics (2D/3D)
• Combinations of two or more

7. Block Flow Diagram (BFD) . . .
• Provide a very broad overview of the process
and contain very few specific details.
• Block Flow diagrams represent sections of the
process as blocks and they show the order and
relationship between sections using flow
arrows.

8. • Block Flow diagrams are useful in getting a
high level initial understanding of a process.
Block Flow Diagram (BFD)
Milling Clarification
Evaporation &
Boiling
Refining &
Crystallization
Bagging

9. Process Flow Diagram (PFD) . . .
• All incoming and outgoing materials along with
related utilities are indicated to cause convenience
to trace the flow through the chemical plant.
• Provides critical information about:
– Major equipment(s) in each area of the plant
along with their location
– type of connection used in each stage of the
process
– Utilities and substances/compounds used in a
process

10. Process Flow Diagram (PFD)

11. Piping & Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) . . .
• P&ID’s are detailed drawings that
reflects:
–All the equipments used
–Complete instrumentation methodology
(loops, type and connections)
–Size and type of pipe
–Design conditions of the equipment
–Special Process Requirements

12. • Essential for computing:
– Tentative cost estimates
– Project scope
– Record of the as built plant configuration
– Operational procedures and training aspects
– Hazard and operability analysis (HAZOP)
– Process safety management (HSE)
Piping & Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) . . .

13. Piping & Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) . . .

14. Piping & Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) . . .
Identification of Instrumentation Loop

15. Piping & Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID)
Instrument Identification (ISA S5.1)

16. Piping & Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) . . .
Identification of Instrumentation Loop

17. Drawing Symbols

18. Drawing Symbols

19. P&I and PF Diagram Exercise
Mode Parameters 1 2 3 4 5 6
Medium
Normal
Pressure (Bar)
Temperature (0C)
Flow (T/Hr)
Line Dia (mm)
Maximum
Pressure (Bar)
Temperature (0C)
Flow (T/Hr)
Line Dia (mm)
Minimum
Pressure (Bar)
Temperature (0C)
Flow (T/Hr)
Line Dia (mm)
Company Matiari Sugar Mills Pvt. Ltd.
Project / Equipment: Evaporator 1A Juice and Condensate Control
(Process House)
Scale Revision &
Date:
Drawn by: Checked by: Approved by
TI-001 LIC-001
TI-002 LCV-001
PI-001 LIC-002
PI-002 LI-002
LCV-002
LIC
001
LCV
001
TI
001
TI
002
LCV
002
LI
002
LIC
002
1
2
3 4
5
6
PI
001
PI
002

20. Electrical Schematics/Drawings
• Electrical Drawing shows information about
power, lighting and communication of an
engineering project.
• It consists of lines, symbols, dimensions,
notations etc.
– Plot plans showing equipment location
– Floor plans showing electric system of each floor
– Power riser diagrams showing panel boards
– Wiring diagrams
– Schedules for other information

21. Electrical Schematics/Drawings
Symbols

22. Electrical Schematics/Drawings
Symbols

23. Single Line Electrical and P&ID