This document discusses adaptive missile guidance using GPS. It provides an introduction to GPS and differential GPS systems. It then explains how inertial navigation systems and GPS can work together to guide missiles to their targets with improved accuracy. GPS finds the exact target location by using signals from multiple satellites to triangulate the position. The guidance system relies on gyroscopes and accelerometers in the missile to continuously calculate its position and orientation based on motion and acceleration sensors.

1. Subtitle
A modern approach in wireless communication

2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• What is missile guidance
• Types of missile guidance
• Introduction to GPS
• What are the elements of GPS
• Introduction to DGPS
• Missile guidance using GPS
• Actual working of GPS Guidance System
• How does GPS finds the exact target location
• Inertial Navigation System
• Target shoot by using gps
• Guidance Equipment
• Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION
• ‘ADAPTIVE MISSILE GUIDANCE USING GPS’ is a
modern approach in wireless communication.
• For the day world of wars and battles, the new
techniques to throw an attack on the opposing team are
emerging immensely. This had lead to the
development of various types of guided missiles.

4. WHAT IS MISSILE GUIDANCE???
Missile Guidance refers to a variety of methods guiding a
missile or a bomb to its intended target. The missile’s
target accuracy is a critical factor for its effectiveness.

5. TYPES OF MISSILE GUIDANCE
On the battlefield of today, guided to a acquire their
targets by using:
Radar signal
Wires
Lasers(or)
Most recently GPS

6. INTRODUCTION TO GPS
• The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based
satellite navigation system that provides location and
time information in all weather, anywhere on or near
the Earth, where there is an unobstructed line of sight to
four or more GPS satellites.

7. WHAT ARE THE ELEMENTS OF GPS ?
GPS has three parts:
Space segment
The User segment
Control segment
The space segment consists of a constellation of 24
satellites plus some spares, each in its own orbit
11,000 nautical miles above Earth.

8. INTRODUCTION TO DGPS
• Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) is
an enhancement to Global Positioning System
(GPS), that provides improved location accuracy,
from the 15-meter nominal GPS accuracy to about
10 cm in case of the best implementations.

9. MISSILE GUIDANCE USING GPS
• The central idea behind the design of
DGPS/GPS/internal guided weapons is that of using
a 3-axis gyro/accelerometer package as an inertial
reference for the weapon’s autopilot.
• Such weapons are designated as “accurate” munitions
as they will offer CEPs (Circular Error Probable) of the
order of the accuracy of GPS P- code signals, typically
about 40ft.

10. ACTUAL WORKING OF GPS GUIDANCE
SYSTEM
• An INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM (INS) is a
navigation aid that uses a computer, motion sensor and
rotation sensors (gyroscopes) to continuously calculate
via dead reckoning the position, orientation, and velocity
(direction and speed of movement) of a moving object
without the need for external references.
• The ‘Missile guidance using GPS’ uses this ‘Inertial
Navigation System’ as its basic concept.

11. HOW DOES GPS FINDS THE EXACT
POSITION OF THE TARGET ???
• In the figure at left, the dashed lines
show the actual intersection point, and
the grey bands indicate the area of
uncertainty.
• In this diagram, the solid lines indicate
where the GPS receiver “thinks” the target
is located. Because of errors in the
receiver’s internal clock, these spheres do
not intersect at one point.

12. • The GPS receiver must change the size
of the spheres until the intersection
point is determined . The relative size
of each sphere has already been
calculated, so if the size of one sphere is
changed, the other spheres must be
adjusted by exactly the sane amount

13. HOW DOES INTERNAL NAVIGATION
SYSTEM WORKS ???
• Internal Navigation relies on devices on board the
missile that senses its motion and acceleration in
different directions. These devices are called
gyroscopes and accelerometers.

14. TARGET SHOOT BY USING GPS

15. GUIDANCE EQUIPMENTS
• The way these the subsystems are distributed between
the missile and the launcher result in two different
categories:
• Remote Control Guidance: The guidance computer is
on the launcher. The target tracker is also placed on the
launching platform.
• Homing Guidance: The guidance computers are in the
missile and in the target tracker.

16. CONCLUSION
• Thus, after overall view of all the missile guidance
systems we come to an conclusion that “Adaptive
Missile Guidance Using GPS” is the most efficient
method to chase any target as it saves economical
looses environmental losses & various other losses
which were faced during early wars.