This document discusses drilling, boring, and reaming operations. It provides details on various types of drilling machines like sensitive drilling machines, upright drilling machines, radial drilling machines, and gang type drilling machines. It describes boring machines like horizontal and vertical boring machines. It also discusses reaming operations and different types of reamers like straight, hand, machine, shell, and tapered reamers. The document is submitted by an engineering student for their class and contains information on machining processes and machines.
The drilling machine or drill press is one of the most common and useful machine employed in industry for producing forming and finishing holes in a workpiece.
MILLING – Cutting parameters, machine time calculation
Milling operation – Plain milling, side & face milling, form milling, gang milling, end milling, face milling, T slot milling, slitting
GEAR CUTTING – Gear cutting on milling machine – dividing head and indexing method, gear hobbing, principle of operation, advantages & limitation, hobbing tech, gear shaping, gear finishing process
The drilling machine or drill press is one of the most common and useful machine employed in industry for producing forming and finishing holes in a workpiece.
MILLING – Cutting parameters, machine time calculation
Milling operation – Plain milling, side & face milling, form milling, gang milling, end milling, face milling, T slot milling, slitting
GEAR CUTTING – Gear cutting on milling machine – dividing head and indexing method, gear hobbing, principle of operation, advantages & limitation, hobbing tech, gear shaping, gear finishing process
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The drilling machine is an imporatant part of engineering specially fo machines.
the dilling machine is taken in use for making a hole in the product.
it can use in multiple sizes and standards according to the need.
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shaping, milling and gear cutting machineslaxtwinsme
Shaper – Types of operations. Drilling, reaming, boring, Tapping. Milling operations-types of milling cutter. Gear cutting – forming and generation principle and construction of gear milling ,hobbing and gear shaping processes –finishing of gears.
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About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
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Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
4. Drilling
Drilling is a cutting process that uses
a drill bit to cut or enlarge a hole of
circular cross-section in solid
materials. The drill bit is a rotary
cutting tool.
. The bit is pressed against the work
piece and rotated at rates from
hundreds to thousands of revolutions
per minute.
It is estimated that 75 % of all metal
cutting material removed ,comes from
drilling operation
5. Working Principle :-
The rotating edge of the drill
exerts a large force on the
work piece and the hole is
generated.
The removal of metal in a
drilling operation is by
shearing and extrusion.
7. Drilling Characteristics
The chips must exit out of the hole created by
the cutting.
Chip exit can cause problems when chips are
large and/or continuous.
The drill can wander upon entrance and for
deep holes.
For deep holes in large work pieces, coolant
may need to be delivered through the drill
shaft to the cutting front.
9. Sensitive Drilling machine :-
It is a small machine used for drilling small holes
in light jobs. In this drilling machine, work piece
is mounted on the table and drill is fed into the
work by purely hand control.
High rotating speed of the drill and hand feed
are the major features of sensitive drilling
machine.
.As the operator senses the drilling action in the
work piece, at any instant, it is called sensitive
drilling machine
A sensitive drilling machine consists of a
horizontal tab
Drills of diameter from 1.5 to 15.5 mm can be
rotated in the spindle of sensitive drilling machine.
11. Upright Drilling machine:-
The upright drilling machine is larger and
heavier than a sensitive drilling machine
It is designed for handling medium sized
work piece and is supplied with power feed
arrangement
this machine a large number of spindle
speeds and feeds may be available for
drilling different types of work
Upright drilling machines are available in
various sizes and with various drilling
capacities (ranging up to 75 mm diameter
drills).
13. Radial Drilling machine :-
A Radial drilling machine consists of a
heavy, round vertical column supporting a
horizontal arm that carries the drill head.
The table of radial drilling machine may
also be rotated through 360 deg. The
maximum size of hole that the machine can
drill is not more than 50 mm.
Powerful drive motors are geared directly
into the head of the machine and a wide
range of power feeds are available as well
as sensitive and geared manual feeds.
It is used primarily for drilling medium to
large and heavy work pieces.
15. Gang Type Drilling machine :-
In gang drilling machine, a number of
single spindle drilling machine
columns are placed side by side on a
common base and have a common
worktable.
A series of operation may be
performed on the job by shifting the
work from one position to the other on
the worktable.
a number (2 to 6) of spindles with drills
(of same or different size) in a row are
made to produce number of holes
progressively or simultaneously
17. 5.Multi spindle drilling machine:-
The multiple-spindle drilling machine
is used to drill a number of holes in a
job simultaneously and to reproduce
the same pattern of holes in a number
of identical pieces in a mass
production work.
The entire drilling head works
repeatedly using the same jig for
batch or lot production of a particular
job.
19. Geometry parts of twisted drill :-
Twist drill geometry and its nomenclature are
shown above. twist drill has three
principal parts
(i) Drill point or dead center
(ii) Body
(iii) Shank.
Drill axis is the longitudinal line .
Drill point is the sharpened end of the drill body
consisting of all that part which is shaped to
produce lips, faces and chisel edge.
Lip or cutting edge is the edge formed by the
intersection of the flank and face
Lip length is the minimum distance between the
outer corner and the chisel-edge corner of the
lip.
20. Parts of twisted drill :-
Face is that portion of the flute surface
adjacent to the lip on which the chip impinges
as it is cut from the work.
Chisel edge is the edge formed by the
intersection of the flanks.
Flank is that surface on a drill point which
extends behind the lip to the following flute.
Flutes are the grooves in the body of the drill,
which provide lips, allow the removal ofchips,
and permit cutting fluid to reach the lips.
Flute length is the axial length from the
extreme end of the point to the termination of
the flutes at the shank end of the body.
21. Parts of twisted drill :-
Body is that portion of the drill nomenclature, which extends
from the extreme cutting end to the beginning of the shank.
Shank is that portion of the drill by which it is held and driven,
Heel is the edge formed by the intersection of the flute surface
and the body clearance.
Body clearance is that portion of the body surface reduced in
diameter to provide diametric clearance.
Core or web is the central portion of the drill situated between
the roots of the flutesand extending from the point end towards
the shank; the point end of the core forms the
chisel edge.
Lands are the cylindrically ground surfaces on the leading
edges of the drill flutes..
22. Drilling Operations :-
Drilling :-operation of making a circular hole
by removing a volume of metal from the job
by a rotating cutting tool called drill.
Boring :-Process of enlarging a hole.
Reaming :-Operation of finishing a drilled
hole.
Counter boring :-Operation of boring a
second hole ,larger in diameter than the
first, but concentric with it.
Counter sinking :-Operation of producing an
angular surface at the end of a hole.
Spot facing:-Operation of machining a flat
,circular surface around a hole to provide a
seat for a bolthead, nut or washer.
24. BORING :-
Boring is a process of producing
circular internal profiles on a hole
made by drilling or another process.
It uses single point cutting tool called a
boring bar.
The boring bar can be rotated, or the
work part can be rotated.
Machine tools which rotate the boring
bar against a stationary work piece
are called boring machines (also
boring mills).
25. Boring Machines :-
1.Horizontal boring machine :-
A horizontal boring machine or
horizontal boring mill is a machine tool
which bores holes in a horizontal
direction.
There are three main types — table,
planer and floor.
The table type is the most common
and, as it is the most versatile, it is
also known as the universal type.
Used for drilling ,boring, and milling
operations.
27. Vertical boring machine :-
A large type of boring machine in
which a rotating work piece is
fastened to a horizontal table, which
resembles a four-jaw independent
chuck with extra radial T slots, and the
tool has a traverse motion.
Cutting tools are stationary except for
feed movements.
28. Boring defects :-
1. Poor surface finish
Cutting speed too low, feed rate too
high
,blunt tool ,
2. chatter:-
1. Incorrect front clearance ,lack of
rigidity in boring
3.cracking:-
Improperly applied coolant ,cutting
speed too low
4.Excessive tool wear :-
29. REAMING :-
The process of enlarging the hole is
called reaming. There are many different
types of reamer and they may be
designed for use as a hand tool or in a
machine tool, such as a milling machine
or drill press.
TYPES :-
1.Straight reamer :-
A straight reamer is used to make only a
minor enlargement to a hole. The entry
end of the reamer will have a slight taper,
the length of which will depend on its type
30. Types :-
2.Hand reamer :-A hand reamer has a
longer taper or lead in at the front than a
machine reamer. This is to compensate for
the difficulty of starting a hole by hand
power alone. It also allows the reamer to
start straight and reduce the risk of
breakage. The flutes may be straight or
spiral.
3.Machine reamer:-machine reamer only
has a very slight lead in. Because the
reamer and work piece are pre-aligned by
the machine there is no risk of it wandering
31. Types:-
4.Shell reamer:-Shell reamers are
designed for reaming bearing and
other similar items. They are fluted
almost their whole length.
5. Taper reamer :-A precision tapered
reamer is used to make a tapered hole
to later receive a tapered pin.