Presentation of Silk and ramie fiber
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This document provides information about silk and ramie fabrics. It discusses the history and production processes of silk and ramie. For silk, it notes that silk originates from China and is produced by insects from cocoons. It also outlines the various steps to produce silk thread. For ramie, the document discusses that it is a plant native to Asia used to make fabric. It has good shape retention and reduces wrinkles when blended with other fibers like cotton. The document also compares properties and uses of silk and ramie fabrics.
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Claasifcation of fibres
The document discusses different types of textile fibers. Fibers can be classified as natural or man-made. Natural fibers include vegetable fibers like cotton, animal fibers like wool, and mineral fibers like asbestos. Vegetable fibers are derived from plants and contain cellulose. Animal fibers are made of protein. Mineral fibers are inorganic materials. Man-made fibers include regenerated fibers like rayon and synthetic fibers like nylon and polyester. The fibers discussed provide essential building blocks and raw materials for textile production through processes like spinning and weaving.
Textile Fiber ppt by B.A
Textile Fibers are the basic structural units of Textile fabrics. Knowing the building blocks of textile fibers(polymers) is vital inoder to explain chemical and physical properties.
cotton fibre
1. Cotton is the most important textile fiber and is a vegetable fiber that surrounds cotton plant seeds.
2. There are four commercially grown cotton species and cotton fibers are made of cellulose molecules.
3. Cotton fibers undergo ginning to separate fibers from seeds and are then pressed into bales for shipping to mills.
Textile fiber identification
This presentation discusses methods for identifying textile fibers, including non-technical and technical methods. Non-technical methods include feeling and burn tests, which can provide preliminary identification but are not always accurate. Technical methods like microscope and chemical tests provide more definitive results. Microscope tests examine fiber characteristics like cross-sectional shape. Chemical tests use solvents and stains to determine how fibers react; for example, cotton dissolves in sulfuric acid while linen is unaffected. Accurately identifying fibers is important for textile dyeing, printing, finishing and care.
Flax
Flax is a widely cultivated plant with pale blue flowers and slender stems containing textile fibers. The fibers are made into linen fabric through harvesting, processing, and weaving. Flax fiber production has a history of over 5000 years and was used by ancient Egyptians. Flax fabric is 100% natural with properties like quick drying, UV protection, and antibacterial/antifungal qualities. However, it can be easily ignited and deteriorates with heat and steam. Flax farming has environmental benefits from less fertilizer and pesticide use. Flax fabric is strong and durable with qualities like some types of steel. It is used for items like curtains, bed linen, upholstery and dressings.
PINA FIBER
PINA FIBER IS KNOWN AS PINEAPPLE FIBER SO HERE IS THE DISCRIPTION OF PINEAPPLE FIBER FROM HARVESTING TILL YARN FORMATION
MODAL FIBER
Modal is a type of rayon fiber that is stronger and more dimensionally stable when wet than regular viscose rayon. It is produced through a modified viscose process involving treatment with weaker caustic soda and lower concentrations of acids and salts in the coagulating bath. This results in longer polymer chains and a more crystalline structure compared to viscose rayon. Modal fiber is commonly blended with cotton or polyester and used in textiles like towels, bed sheets, and clothing due to its soft, absorbent properties and resemblance to cotton.
Natural Fiber to Yarn Cotton
Cotton is a soft fiber that grows around the seeds of cotton plants. It is composed mainly of cellulose. The cotton manufacturing process involves cultivating, harvesting, ginning, and bailing the cotton fibers. The fibers then undergo several processes like blow room, carding, combing, and spinning to produce yarn. Cotton exhibits properties like absorbency, good affinity for dyes, washability, and heat conductivity that make it suitable for clothing. Some common cotton fabrics include denim, muslin, voile, and gingham.
Recommended
Claasifcation of fibres
The document discusses different types of textile fibers. Fibers can be classified as natural or man-made. Natural fibers include vegetable fibers like cotton, animal fibers like wool, and mineral fibers like asbestos. Vegetable fibers are derived from plants and contain cellulose. Animal fibers are made of protein. Mineral fibers are inorganic materials. Man-made fibers include regenerated fibers like rayon and synthetic fibers like nylon and polyester. The fibers discussed provide essential building blocks and raw materials for textile production through processes like spinning and weaving.
Textile Fiber ppt by B.A
Textile Fibers are the basic structural units of Textile fabrics. Knowing the building blocks of textile fibers(polymers) is vital inoder to explain chemical and physical properties.
cotton fibre
1. Cotton is the most important textile fiber and is a vegetable fiber that surrounds cotton plant seeds.
2. There are four commercially grown cotton species and cotton fibers are made of cellulose molecules.
3. Cotton fibers undergo ginning to separate fibers from seeds and are then pressed into bales for shipping to mills.
Textile fiber identification
This presentation discusses methods for identifying textile fibers, including non-technical and technical methods. Non-technical methods include feeling and burn tests, which can provide preliminary identification but are not always accurate. Technical methods like microscope and chemical tests provide more definitive results. Microscope tests examine fiber characteristics like cross-sectional shape. Chemical tests use solvents and stains to determine how fibers react; for example, cotton dissolves in sulfuric acid while linen is unaffected. Accurately identifying fibers is important for textile dyeing, printing, finishing and care.
Flax
Flax is a widely cultivated plant with pale blue flowers and slender stems containing textile fibers. The fibers are made into linen fabric through harvesting, processing, and weaving. Flax fiber production has a history of over 5000 years and was used by ancient Egyptians. Flax fabric is 100% natural with properties like quick drying, UV protection, and antibacterial/antifungal qualities. However, it can be easily ignited and deteriorates with heat and steam. Flax farming has environmental benefits from less fertilizer and pesticide use. Flax fabric is strong and durable with qualities like some types of steel. It is used for items like curtains, bed linen, upholstery and dressings.
PINA FIBER
PINA FIBER IS KNOWN AS PINEAPPLE FIBER SO HERE IS THE DISCRIPTION OF PINEAPPLE FIBER FROM HARVESTING TILL YARN FORMATION
MODAL FIBER
Modal is a type of rayon fiber that is stronger and more dimensionally stable when wet than regular viscose rayon. It is produced through a modified viscose process involving treatment with weaker caustic soda and lower concentrations of acids and salts in the coagulating bath. This results in longer polymer chains and a more crystalline structure compared to viscose rayon. Modal fiber is commonly blended with cotton or polyester and used in textiles like towels, bed sheets, and clothing due to its soft, absorbent properties and resemblance to cotton.
Natural Fiber to Yarn Cotton
Cotton is a soft fiber that grows around the seeds of cotton plants. It is composed mainly of cellulose. The cotton manufacturing process involves cultivating, harvesting, ginning, and bailing the cotton fibers. The fibers then undergo several processes like blow room, carding, combing, and spinning to produce yarn. Cotton exhibits properties like absorbency, good affinity for dyes, washability, and heat conductivity that make it suitable for clothing. Some common cotton fabrics include denim, muslin, voile, and gingham.
Cotton - Natural Fiber
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus Gossypium in the mallow family Malvaceae. The fiber is almost pure cellulose. Under natural conditions, the cotton bolls will increase the dispersal of the seeds.
kapok fibre
Kapok is a natural plant fiber obtained from the kapok tree. It is smooth, unicellular, and cylindrically shaped with a thin waxy cell wall and air-filled lumen. Kapok fibers are harvested by hand from ripe seed pods, then dried, bailed, and packed. Kapok has properties including light weight, buoyancy, absorbency, thermal insulation, and biodegradability. Its end uses include mattress and pillow stuffing, clothing, life-saving equipment, construction insulation, and technical textiles.
Textile finishes
Fabric finishes are applied after fabric production to improve appearance, feel, or properties. Aesthetic finishes influence texture, luster, drape, and hand. Calendering uses rollers to impart finishes like glazing, moire, or embossing. Other techniques include brushing, shearing, and flocking to modify texture. Functional finishes provide benefits like wrinkle resistance or stain release. A fabric's fiber content and construction determine suitable finishing methods.
Propertiesof fibers
every natural fiber has unique textile property like Strength elongation and length. these properties are important for making yarn and fabric in the textile industry.
Lotus fibre
Lotus fibre is extracted from lotus stems through a process of cutting, twisting, and drawing thin filaments together into threads. The threads are then spun into yarn and woven using a Cambodian loom into fabric without a warp beam. Over 120,000 lotus stems are needed to weave enough fabric for a single costume. Lotus fibre is breathable, soft, and crease resistant like linen or raw silk. However, extracting, spinning, and weaving the fibre by hand makes it a time-consuming and expensive process.
Properties of Fibers
This document discusses fiber science and the properties of fibers. It defines fibers as thin, flexible structures with a length to diameter ratio of at least 100:1. There are two main types of fibers - staple fibers which have a finite length and filament fibers which have an infinite length. The document examines various physical properties of fibers including tenacity, fineness, moisture absorption, abrasion resistance, crease recovery and flexibility. It also looks at chemical properties such as reaction to acids, alkalis, bleaching and dyeing ability. In summary, the document provides an overview of fiber types and analyzes important physical and chemical characteristics that determine a fiber's properties and uses.
Pile fabrics
Pile Fabrics
Classification of pile fabrics
Warp pile fabrics
Weft pile fabrics :
Care of pile fabrics:
Basic structure of a woven fabric
This document contains information about woven fabrics submitted by students Amit Biswas, Md. Ahasan Habib, and Tahmina Hossain Bristy to their lecturer Mr. Suja Ahmed Auporbo. It defines woven fabric as being made from two sets of warp and weft yarns interlaced at right angles. Woven fabrics are classified as having either a simple or compound structure. Simple structures use one set of parallel warp and weft yarns, while compound structures use more than one set of yarns including some for ornamental purposes. The document also describes and provides examples of various basic woven structures including plain weave, twill weave, satin weave
Warp knitting
Warp knitting is a method of knitting where loops are formed vertically along the length of fabric from warp yarns. There are several types of warp knitting including tricot, raschel, and milanese knits. Tricot knits use compound needles and are used for fabrics like lingerie, loungewear, and uniforms. Raschel knits use latch needles and heavier yarns, producing more textured fabrics for applications like carpets, home textiles, and outerwear. Milanese knits form diagonal patterns and are often made from filament yarns into lightweight fabrics.
Lotus fibre
The Most Sustainable Fibre - LOTUS FIBRE
1). History
2). Manufacturing Process
3). Properties
4). Advantages & Disadvantages
Finishing
The document discusses textile finishing processes. It begins by introducing textiles and their basic components and materials. It then describes the major departments of textiles - spinning, weaving, and wet-processing. Wet-processing involves pretreatments like scouring and bleaching, dyeing and printing, and finishing treatments like calendaring to impart properties like softness and durability. Specific mechanical finishing processes are also outlined, including sueding, raising, shearing, and decating. Calendaring is discussed in detail as a process that smoothes fabrics and modifies properties.
Terry-a pile fabric
Pile fabrics: Manufacturing methods include woven pile fabric formation & others methods such as knit pile fabric, tufted pile fabrics etc. A "Terry" or a "Terry Towel" as is generally known is a woven pile fabric formed by slack tension weave process. of weaving.
Wool finishing
Milling, crabbing, decatising, and carbonizing are finishing processes for wool, polyester, and nylon fabrics. Milling uses moisture, heat, and pressure to full and densify wool fabrics. Crabbing sets wool fabrics through tension and heat treatment to reduce distortions. Decatising sets wool fabrics by compressing them with steam between wool felt. Carbonizing converts polyester/cotton blends to 100% polyester by dissolving the cotton with sulfuric acid. Each process aims to stabilize fibers and set the fabric structure.
Properties Of Textile Fibers
The document summarizes key properties of various textile fibers including cotton, wool, flax, jute, silk, nylon, and polyester. It discusses properties such as fiber length, flexibility, tenacity, luster, density, moisture content, elasticity, resilience, and end uses. For each fiber, it provides 3-4 sentences on typical properties and 2-3 sentences on common applications and uses of that fiber type.
Interlock fabrics
Interlock fabrics are a variation of rib knit construction where both sides of the fabric look identical due to a double knit construction. Interlock fabrics have identical appearances on the front and rear surfaces, making them double-sided. They are tightly knitted, giving a smooth surface and firm feel. Interlock fabrics have advanced dimensional stability and can stretch more in the lengthwise direction than widthwise. They provide better heat insulation than single knit fabrics due to an insulating layer of air between the front and rear surfaces.
Textile Fiber and its Properties
This document discusses the properties of textile fibers. It defines a textile fiber as a natural or synthetic fiber that can be spun into yarns and fabricated into fabrics. The document outlines the primary and secondary properties of textile fibers. Primary properties are essential for a fiber to function as a textile fiber and include a high length-to-width ratio, adequate tenacity or strength, cohesiveness or spinning quality, flexibility, and uniformity. Secondary properties are desirable but not essential, and include physical shape, luster, specific gravity, elongation and elastic recovery, moisture properties, resiliency, and thermal behavior. The document provides examples and details for each property.
Blend dyeing
Basic knowledge about blend dyeing
Dyeing of Blended Fibres & Fabrics
Blends:
Blends are any textile material from fiber through yarn to fabric which are deliberate combination of chemically or physically different fibrous polymer. Cotton and Polyester blend is an example of chemically different blend and Cotton and Viscose is physically different blend because both are cellulosic.
Reason for blending:
1.Economy: The dilution of an expensive fibre by blending with a cheaper substitute.
2.Durability: The incorporation of a more durable component to extend the useful life of a relatively fragile fibre.
3.Physical properties: A compromise to take advantage of desirable performance charactristics contribuition by both fibre components.
4.Color: The development of new fabric design for garments incorporating multicolor effect.
5.Appearance: The attainment of attractive appearance & perceptible qualities using combinations of yarns of different lusture, crimp or denier which still differ in appearance even when dyed with same color.
6.Other reasons-
Blending develops fibre properties.
Colorant modification is possible by blending.
Finishing process modification.
Improved moisture absorption, antistatic characteristics, reduced pilling, improved abrasion resistance.
Dyeing Possibilities with Blends:
1.Union Dyeing:
• This is suitable for fabrics containing two fibres to dye them in a single uniform colour, each dye suitable for one kind of fibre in the blend.
• Union dyeing is same as cross dyeing except that instead of multi-colour effects. One solid colour is produced. The dyer accomplishes this by using two or more classes of dye, each of the same colours.
• Different fibres may require different dyes to obtain the same colour; this may be done by putting the appropriate colour dye that is specific to each type of fibre in to one dye bath.
• For eg: a fabric composed of rayon and acetate can be dyed with a solid colour green by using a direct dye for the rayon, and a disperse dye of the same colour for the acetate.
2.Resist/Reserve dyeing:
• In resist dyeing at least one (but not all) of the components of the blend remains essentially undyed i.e almost white.
3.Cross dyeing:
• Cross dyeing produces fibres of contrasting color
• This is two types-
a)Shadow effect/Tone-in-Tone dyeing:
Two fibres are dyed in same hue & brightness but the depth is different. It is called tone-in-tone or shadow effect.
b)Contrast effect:
Two fibres are dyed with strong difference in hue, brightness & depth.This is called contrast effect. Pleasing final appearance is important here.
Man made fibers
The document discusses various natural and man-made textile fibers such as rayon, acetate, nylon, polyester, acrylic, modacrylic, spandex, polypropylene, and specialty fibers like glass, carbon, and aramid. It describes the material each fiber is derived from, its properties, common uses, and manufacturing processes. The fibers have a range of properties that make them suitable for different applications in apparel, home furnishings, industrial products, and other uses.
Natural Fiber to Yarn Stage - Linen
Linen is obtained from the flax plant. It is composed mainly of cellulose and is one of the strongest natural fibers. The linen manufacturing process involves cultivating flax plants, harvesting, and then preparing the fibers through processes like retting, breaking, scutching and spinning. Linen has good strength and absorbency but lacks elasticity. It is resistant to heat and weak acids but can be damaged by insects and strong acids. The properties of linen make it well suited for uses like towels and handkerchiefs.
Classification Of Textile Fibers
Fibers can be divided into natural fibers and man-made or chemical fibers. Natural fibers include vegetable fibers like cotton, linen and jute, animal fibers like wool and silk, and mineral fibers like asbestos. Man-made fibers include regenerated fibers made from natural polymers like cellulose or protein, and synthetic fibers made from chemicals. Fibers are classified based on their origin, length, size and chemical composition to standardize and easily identify them.
Textile fibers and yarns editabl
this presentation will give the basic information about the fibers & yarns that ultimately makes fabrics for this industry. It is helpful for beginners as well as established design professional by giving them exact nature of fabrics they are working over or is going to start a new level by different fabrics.
Textile Fibers By Suraj Sharma
The PPT entails the basic info. of the textile fibers the info. of the same gathered from internet and bits acquired from the the working place.
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Cotton - Natural Fiber
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus Gossypium in the mallow family Malvaceae. The fiber is almost pure cellulose. Under natural conditions, the cotton bolls will increase the dispersal of the seeds.
kapok fibre
Kapok is a natural plant fiber obtained from the kapok tree. It is smooth, unicellular, and cylindrically shaped with a thin waxy cell wall and air-filled lumen. Kapok fibers are harvested by hand from ripe seed pods, then dried, bailed, and packed. Kapok has properties including light weight, buoyancy, absorbency, thermal insulation, and biodegradability. Its end uses include mattress and pillow stuffing, clothing, life-saving equipment, construction insulation, and technical textiles.
Textile finishes
Fabric finishes are applied after fabric production to improve appearance, feel, or properties. Aesthetic finishes influence texture, luster, drape, and hand. Calendering uses rollers to impart finishes like glazing, moire, or embossing. Other techniques include brushing, shearing, and flocking to modify texture. Functional finishes provide benefits like wrinkle resistance or stain release. A fabric's fiber content and construction determine suitable finishing methods.
Propertiesof fibers
every natural fiber has unique textile property like Strength elongation and length. these properties are important for making yarn and fabric in the textile industry.
Lotus fibre
Lotus fibre is extracted from lotus stems through a process of cutting, twisting, and drawing thin filaments together into threads. The threads are then spun into yarn and woven using a Cambodian loom into fabric without a warp beam. Over 120,000 lotus stems are needed to weave enough fabric for a single costume. Lotus fibre is breathable, soft, and crease resistant like linen or raw silk. However, extracting, spinning, and weaving the fibre by hand makes it a time-consuming and expensive process.
Properties of Fibers
This document discusses fiber science and the properties of fibers. It defines fibers as thin, flexible structures with a length to diameter ratio of at least 100:1. There are two main types of fibers - staple fibers which have a finite length and filament fibers which have an infinite length. The document examines various physical properties of fibers including tenacity, fineness, moisture absorption, abrasion resistance, crease recovery and flexibility. It also looks at chemical properties such as reaction to acids, alkalis, bleaching and dyeing ability. In summary, the document provides an overview of fiber types and analyzes important physical and chemical characteristics that determine a fiber's properties and uses.
Pile fabrics
Pile Fabrics
Classification of pile fabrics
Warp pile fabrics
Weft pile fabrics :
Care of pile fabrics:
Basic structure of a woven fabric
This document contains information about woven fabrics submitted by students Amit Biswas, Md. Ahasan Habib, and Tahmina Hossain Bristy to their lecturer Mr. Suja Ahmed Auporbo. It defines woven fabric as being made from two sets of warp and weft yarns interlaced at right angles. Woven fabrics are classified as having either a simple or compound structure. Simple structures use one set of parallel warp and weft yarns, while compound structures use more than one set of yarns including some for ornamental purposes. The document also describes and provides examples of various basic woven structures including plain weave, twill weave, satin weave
Warp knitting
Warp knitting is a method of knitting where loops are formed vertically along the length of fabric from warp yarns. There are several types of warp knitting including tricot, raschel, and milanese knits. Tricot knits use compound needles and are used for fabrics like lingerie, loungewear, and uniforms. Raschel knits use latch needles and heavier yarns, producing more textured fabrics for applications like carpets, home textiles, and outerwear. Milanese knits form diagonal patterns and are often made from filament yarns into lightweight fabrics.
Lotus fibre
The Most Sustainable Fibre - LOTUS FIBRE
1). History
2). Manufacturing Process
3). Properties
4). Advantages & Disadvantages
Finishing
The document discusses textile finishing processes. It begins by introducing textiles and their basic components and materials. It then describes the major departments of textiles - spinning, weaving, and wet-processing. Wet-processing involves pretreatments like scouring and bleaching, dyeing and printing, and finishing treatments like calendaring to impart properties like softness and durability. Specific mechanical finishing processes are also outlined, including sueding, raising, shearing, and decating. Calendaring is discussed in detail as a process that smoothes fabrics and modifies properties.
Terry-a pile fabric
Pile fabrics: Manufacturing methods include woven pile fabric formation & others methods such as knit pile fabric, tufted pile fabrics etc. A "Terry" or a "Terry Towel" as is generally known is a woven pile fabric formed by slack tension weave process. of weaving.
Wool finishing
Milling, crabbing, decatising, and carbonizing are finishing processes for wool, polyester, and nylon fabrics. Milling uses moisture, heat, and pressure to full and densify wool fabrics. Crabbing sets wool fabrics through tension and heat treatment to reduce distortions. Decatising sets wool fabrics by compressing them with steam between wool felt. Carbonizing converts polyester/cotton blends to 100% polyester by dissolving the cotton with sulfuric acid. Each process aims to stabilize fibers and set the fabric structure.
Properties Of Textile Fibers
The document summarizes key properties of various textile fibers including cotton, wool, flax, jute, silk, nylon, and polyester. It discusses properties such as fiber length, flexibility, tenacity, luster, density, moisture content, elasticity, resilience, and end uses. For each fiber, it provides 3-4 sentences on typical properties and 2-3 sentences on common applications and uses of that fiber type.
Interlock fabrics
Interlock fabrics are a variation of rib knit construction where both sides of the fabric look identical due to a double knit construction. Interlock fabrics have identical appearances on the front and rear surfaces, making them double-sided. They are tightly knitted, giving a smooth surface and firm feel. Interlock fabrics have advanced dimensional stability and can stretch more in the lengthwise direction than widthwise. They provide better heat insulation than single knit fabrics due to an insulating layer of air between the front and rear surfaces.
Textile Fiber and its Properties
This document discusses the properties of textile fibers. It defines a textile fiber as a natural or synthetic fiber that can be spun into yarns and fabricated into fabrics. The document outlines the primary and secondary properties of textile fibers. Primary properties are essential for a fiber to function as a textile fiber and include a high length-to-width ratio, adequate tenacity or strength, cohesiveness or spinning quality, flexibility, and uniformity. Secondary properties are desirable but not essential, and include physical shape, luster, specific gravity, elongation and elastic recovery, moisture properties, resiliency, and thermal behavior. The document provides examples and details for each property.
Blend dyeing
Basic knowledge about blend dyeing
Dyeing of Blended Fibres & Fabrics
Blends:
Blends are any textile material from fiber through yarn to fabric which are deliberate combination of chemically or physically different fibrous polymer. Cotton and Polyester blend is an example of chemically different blend and Cotton and Viscose is physically different blend because both are cellulosic.
Reason for blending:
1.Economy: The dilution of an expensive fibre by blending with a cheaper substitute.
2.Durability: The incorporation of a more durable component to extend the useful life of a relatively fragile fibre.
3.Physical properties: A compromise to take advantage of desirable performance charactristics contribuition by both fibre components.
4.Color: The development of new fabric design for garments incorporating multicolor effect.
5.Appearance: The attainment of attractive appearance & perceptible qualities using combinations of yarns of different lusture, crimp or denier which still differ in appearance even when dyed with same color.
6.Other reasons-
Blending develops fibre properties.
Colorant modification is possible by blending.
Finishing process modification.
Improved moisture absorption, antistatic characteristics, reduced pilling, improved abrasion resistance.
Dyeing Possibilities with Blends:
1.Union Dyeing:
• This is suitable for fabrics containing two fibres to dye them in a single uniform colour, each dye suitable for one kind of fibre in the blend.
• Union dyeing is same as cross dyeing except that instead of multi-colour effects. One solid colour is produced. The dyer accomplishes this by using two or more classes of dye, each of the same colours.
• Different fibres may require different dyes to obtain the same colour; this may be done by putting the appropriate colour dye that is specific to each type of fibre in to one dye bath.
• For eg: a fabric composed of rayon and acetate can be dyed with a solid colour green by using a direct dye for the rayon, and a disperse dye of the same colour for the acetate.
2.Resist/Reserve dyeing:
• In resist dyeing at least one (but not all) of the components of the blend remains essentially undyed i.e almost white.
3.Cross dyeing:
• Cross dyeing produces fibres of contrasting color
• This is two types-
a)Shadow effect/Tone-in-Tone dyeing:
Two fibres are dyed in same hue & brightness but the depth is different. It is called tone-in-tone or shadow effect.
b)Contrast effect:
Two fibres are dyed with strong difference in hue, brightness & depth.This is called contrast effect. Pleasing final appearance is important here.
Man made fibers
The document discusses various natural and man-made textile fibers such as rayon, acetate, nylon, polyester, acrylic, modacrylic, spandex, polypropylene, and specialty fibers like glass, carbon, and aramid. It describes the material each fiber is derived from, its properties, common uses, and manufacturing processes. The fibers have a range of properties that make them suitable for different applications in apparel, home furnishings, industrial products, and other uses.
Natural Fiber to Yarn Stage - Linen
Linen is obtained from the flax plant. It is composed mainly of cellulose and is one of the strongest natural fibers. The linen manufacturing process involves cultivating flax plants, harvesting, and then preparing the fibers through processes like retting, breaking, scutching and spinning. Linen has good strength and absorbency but lacks elasticity. It is resistant to heat and weak acids but can be damaged by insects and strong acids. The properties of linen make it well suited for uses like towels and handkerchiefs.
Classification Of Textile Fibers
Fibers can be divided into natural fibers and man-made or chemical fibers. Natural fibers include vegetable fibers like cotton, linen and jute, animal fibers like wool and silk, and mineral fibers like asbestos. Man-made fibers include regenerated fibers made from natural polymers like cellulose or protein, and synthetic fibers made from chemicals. Fibers are classified based on their origin, length, size and chemical composition to standardize and easily identify them.
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Textile fibers and yarns editabl
this presentation will give the basic information about the fibers & yarns that ultimately makes fabrics for this industry. It is helpful for beginners as well as established design professional by giving them exact nature of fabrics they are working over or is going to start a new level by different fabrics.
Textile Fibers By Suraj Sharma
The PPT entails the basic info. of the textile fibers the info. of the same gathered from internet and bits acquired from the the working place.
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Textiles Industry has many working procedures which form flow processes. Each process makes various influences on the environment and human health.Therefore, many eco-friendly fibers have been invented which do not require the use of any pesticides or chemicals
Textile scieces
This document discusses textile fibers and fabric construction. It begins by defining fibers as the basic units that make up textiles and yarns. There are two main groups of fibers - natural fibers from plants and animals, and manufactured fibers made from chemicals. The document then examines characteristics, production processes and examples of various natural fibers like cotton, linen, wool and silk and manufactured fibers like rayon, nylon, polyester and acrylic. It concludes by exploring common methods of fabric construction including weaving, knitting and felting, and finishes like dyeing, printing and solutions dyeing that are applied to fabrics.
Textile institute of pakistan 123
The document discusses various textile fibers including their properties and uses. It provides information on natural fibers like cotton, linen, jute, silk, and wool as well as man-made fibers like viscose rayon, acrylic, and polyester. For each fiber, the properties discussed include composition, strength, elasticity, moisture absorption, and reaction to heat, light, chemicals, and microorganisms. The main uses of each fiber type in apparel and home textiles are also summarized.
Textile institute of pakistan 123
The document discusses properties of various natural and man-made textile fibers including cotton, linen, jute, and silk. It provides details on their composition, characteristics such as strength, absorbency, and reaction to heat, light, and chemicals. It also lists common end uses of these fibers such as apparel, home textiles, and industrial materials like rope and packaging.
FIBERCRAFTPPT.pptx
This document provides an overview of different types of fiber crafts. It begins by defining what a fiber is and classifying fibers into natural and man-made categories. Natural fibers are further divided into vegetable, animal, mineral and other types. Some notable natural fibers discussed include cotton, flax, jute, hemp and coir. The document then briefly describes several common fiber crafts including macramé, rug hooking, spinning, weaving and lace making. It concludes by thanking the reader for their time.
FIBERCRAFTPPT.pptx
This document provides information about different types of fibers and fiber crafts. It begins by classifying fibers into natural and man-made categories. Natural fibers are further divided into vegetable, animal, mineral and other types. Important natural fibers discussed include cotton, flax, jute, hemp and coir. Man-made fibers are categorized into regenerated and synthetic fibers. The document also describes several types of fiber crafts including macramé, rug hooking, spinning, weaving and lace making. Each craft is defined and its historical origins or production process is briefly explained.
Natural fibers
This document provides information about 8 natural fibers: jute, flax/linen, wool, cotton, silk, coir, cashmere, and hemp. For each fiber, it lists properties such as length, color, tenacity, elasticity, and density. It also discusses the major uses of each fiber, such as jute being used for twine and rope and cotton being used universally for clothing and home textiles. The document aims to educate about the characteristics and applications of various natural fibers.
Introduction Of Silk
Silk is a natural protein fiber produced by silkworms. The two main types are cultivated and wild silk. Cultivated silk comes primarily from China and Japan and is lighter and more lustrous. Silk production involves boiling cocoons to unwind the filaments, which are then spun into yarns. The yarns are woven or knitted before removing the natural gum coating. Silk has a high tensile strength, moderate elasticity, and absorbs moisture well without feeling wet. It is used for luxury apparel, home textiles, and medical sutures due to its strength, luster, and comfortable hand.
Rayon
Rayon is a versatile fiber produced from cellulose. The manufacturing process involves treating cellulose pulp with caustic soda and carbon disulfide to produce a solution called viscose, which is then forced through spinnerets to produce filaments. These filaments are regenerated using a sulfuric acid bath and stretched. Rayon provides characteristics like absorbency and softness at a low cost. It can be blended with other fibers and modified to have properties like flame retardancy. Common uses include apparel, home furnishings, and industrial products. Rayon requires dry cleaning but some types can be machine washed.
TLE 9 fabric
The document discusses different types of fabrics including woven, knitted, and felted fabrics. It provides details on the characteristics of cotton, silk, and synthetic fabrics. Cotton is soft, breathable but creases easily. Silk is produced by insect larvae to form shiny cocoons. Synthetic fabrics are made through polymerization of chemicals derived from fossil fuels and can have various desirable properties but also environmental impacts.
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Presentation of Silk and ramie fiber
- 1. WELCOME
- 2. SILK Ramie
- 3. ABOUT SILK • Silk is a natural protein fibre. The protein fibre of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons.The protein fibre of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons.
- 4. HISTORY OF SILK • The production of silk originates in China in the Neolithic. Silk remained confined to China until the half of the 1st millennium BC. China maintained its virtual monopoly over silk production for another thousand years. Silk cultivation spread to Japan around 300 AD, and, by 522 AD.
- 5. PRODUCTION PROCESS OF SILK • Step 1: Raising silkworms & harvesting cocoons. • Step 2: Thread extraction: • Step 3: Dyeing. • Step 4: Spinning. • Step 5: yarn.
- 6. PROPERTIES OF SILK •low density makes for light and comfortable clothing. •high resistance to deformation. •good insulation properties / warm in winter, cool in summer. •strongest natural fiber available. •shimmers and shines. •good affinity to dye. •leaving aside the rather demanding care, silk is one of the most comfortable fiber fabrics in the world.
- 7. SILK ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES Advantage Disadvantage Soft Expensive Drapes well Needs special care, dry cleaning Dyes and prints well Stains with water Very strong Yellows with age Lightweight Weakened by perspiration, sun, soap Resists soil, mildew, and moths Attacked by insects, silverfish Comfortable Absorbent
- 8. USE OF SILK
- 9. BANGLADESH SILK • Rajshahi silk:Rajshahi silk is the name given to the silk products produced in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. It is famous because it is a high quality fabric used for clothing, especially for saris.
- 10. RAMIE • Ramie is a flowering plant native to eastern Asia. It has smaller leaves which are green on the underside, and it appears to be better suited to tropical conditions.
- 11. ABOUT RAMIE • Ramie fiber is known especially for its ability to hold shape, reduce wrinkling, and introduce a silky lustre to the fabric appearance. It is not as durable as other fibers, so is usually used as a blend with other fibers such as cotton or wool.
- 12. HISTORY OF RAMIE • Ramie has been grown in China for many centuries, and farmers in ancient China are known to have used the fiber to weave clothing. Ramie was used to produce an open-weave fabric called mechera, used for shirts and dressing gowns suitable for warm climates.
- 13. PRODUCTION PROCESS OF RAMIE FABRIC
- 14. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF RAMIE Advantages Disadvantages 1. Can be bleached. 1. Low in elasticity 2. Resistant to bacteria, mildew and insect attack. 2. Lacks resiliency. 3. Extremely absorbent. 3. Low abrasion resistance. 4. Dyes fairly easy. 4. Wrinkles easily. 5. Increases in strength when wet. 5. Stiff and brittle. 6. Withstands high water temperatures during laundering. 7. Smooth lustrous appearance improves with washing. 8. Keeps its shape and does not shrink.
- 15. PROPERTIES OF RAMIE FIBER • Ramie is one of the strongest natural fibers. • It is better strength when wet. • It is similar to linen. • It is not durable as other fibers, and so is usually used as a blend with other fibers such as cotton or wool. • It is known especially for its ability to hold shape, reduce wrinkling, and introduce a silky lustre to the fabric appearance.
- 16. USES OF RAMIE FAVRIC • Ramie is used in fabrics resembling linen, such as apparel fabrics for shirts and shorts, tablecloths, napkins and handkerchiefs. It is often found as a blend with cotton in knit sweaters. Ramie is also used in fishnets, canvas, upholstery fabrics, straw hats and fire hose.
- 17. THANK YOU