The document summarizes the differences between the present perfect simple and present perfect continuous tenses in English. The present perfect simple is used to denote a completed action connected to the present through its result. It is used for recently completed actions. The present perfect continuous emphasizes the continuing nature of the past activity and shows that something started in the past and has continued up to the present. It indicates an action that was in progress quite recently and affects the present situation. The document provides examples of how to use each tense properly based on whether the action is completed or ongoing, and how it relates to the present.