The document discusses harmful gases being emitted from an uncovered sewer drain near a residential building in New Delhi. Measurements found high levels of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and potentially carbon monoxide gases coming from the drain. Exposure to these gases can cause health issues like asthma, skin irritation, and nausea for residents. The document recommends detailed monitoring and testing to quantify gas levels and ensure they meet guidelines for human safety.
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
AIR POLUUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
AIR POLUUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
We depend on air for our respiratory needs. So, air pollution causes injury to all living organisms. In case of plants, the growth and yield of crops are reduced and cause premature death. In animals including man, serious metabolic and respiratory diseases are manifested due to air pollution. Air pollution is also called as atmospheric pollution. The atmosphere is an invisible layer of gases that surround the earth.
he atmosphere extends from the surface of earth upto 650 killometers. The lower most layer of atmosphere is known as troposphere which extends upto 8-10 km near the poles and 18-20 km near equator. Air pollution is largely confined to the lower atmosphere i.e. troposphere.
PM is a complex mixture of air borne particles that differ in size, origin and chemical composition, all of which are <10 µm in size.
US EPA described PM pollution as ‘mixture of mixtures’.
PM is among the most harmful of all air pollutants.
UV generated ozone systems are primarily used for air applications like
deodorization and disinfection where traces of ozone is suf
fi
cient. Any
application that requires more than trace quantities and concentrations of
ozone will necessarily opt for corona discharge method of generation
ADRH CONSEIL, cabinet de conseil, de formation, d'audit et de recrutement pour les petites et moyennes entreprises de la région Nord Pas de Calais et Picardie
We depend on air for our respiratory needs. So, air pollution causes injury to all living organisms. In case of plants, the growth and yield of crops are reduced and cause premature death. In animals including man, serious metabolic and respiratory diseases are manifested due to air pollution. Air pollution is also called as atmospheric pollution. The atmosphere is an invisible layer of gases that surround the earth.
he atmosphere extends from the surface of earth upto 650 killometers. The lower most layer of atmosphere is known as troposphere which extends upto 8-10 km near the poles and 18-20 km near equator. Air pollution is largely confined to the lower atmosphere i.e. troposphere.
PM is a complex mixture of air borne particles that differ in size, origin and chemical composition, all of which are <10 µm in size.
US EPA described PM pollution as ‘mixture of mixtures’.
PM is among the most harmful of all air pollutants.
UV generated ozone systems are primarily used for air applications like
deodorization and disinfection where traces of ozone is suf
fi
cient. Any
application that requires more than trace quantities and concentrations of
ozone will necessarily opt for corona discharge method of generation
ADRH CONSEIL, cabinet de conseil, de formation, d'audit et de recrutement pour les petites et moyennes entreprises de la région Nord Pas de Calais et Picardie
FACTORS RELATED TO COHb CONTENT TOWARD PARKING OFFICER OF PLAZA X SURABAYAirjes
The aim of thisresearchwas to study the effect of riskfactorsincludesage,gender, workinglives, body position whileworking, smoking habit, blood type, nutrientstatus, level of Hb, to COHblevelsblood in parking officersat X Plaza Surabaya. This researchwas an analyticobservationalstudywhichconducted cross sectional, using simple randomsamplingtechnique. The sample for thisresearchused 30 people.Themeasurement of carbonmonoxide air concentration at parking plaza x conducted on three-point surroundingofficerswork area. COHbcorrelationwithage, workingperiod, Hb, were analyzed usedPearsoncorrelation.The correlationbetweengender, smoking habit and body position whileworking to blood COHBlevelused T sampleanalyzed. The correlationbetweenblood types and bloodCOHblevelwasanalyzedbyanalysis of variance / ANOVA.The Spearman test was used to analyzed thenutritionalstatus. The resultshowedthathighestcarbonmonoxidelevelsfound in motorcyclewhich 16.1 ppm. Ambient air quality standard based on PP No. 41 of 1999 is 10 ppm, if wecomparedwith the resultweconcludethatlevels of CO at parking motor has exceeded the threshold. Based on thisresearch, advised to provide more local exhaust or air conditioning system aroundworking places of parking officers to reduce CO levelwhichproduced by vehicle. Also, weoffer to management handling the parking officers to givevitamin C and vitamin E as antioxidantthatreducetoxic in their body and to give check up facility for health condition regularly
about air pollution , definition, types . effects and measures to be taken
environmental & occupational health course, master of community medicine university of Khartoum , batch 2
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithyg2nightmarescribd
Have you ever wanted a Ruby client API to communicate with your web service? Smithy is a protocol-agnostic language for defining services and SDKs. Smithy Ruby is an implementation of Smithy that generates a Ruby SDK using a Smithy model. In this talk, we will explore Smithy and Smithy Ruby to learn how to generate custom feature-rich SDKs that can communicate with any web service, such as a Rails JSON API.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered Quality
Preliminary Report- Defence Colony Drain
1. Impact on Residents due to Sewer Gas
Authors:
Mayank K. Sinha, Consultant, Environmental Management
Pinaki Dasgupta, Consultant, Hazardous Substances Management
Summary:
As per Water and Waste Magazine, (2000, e-edition, article by Tony Palmer, Paul
Lagasse and Maureen Ross “Sewers with low velocities encourage the growth of
anaerobic bacteria in a slime layer coating the sewer. These bacteria reduce sulfur
compounds such as sulfate (SO4), thereby producing sulfides (SO2). Under anaerobic
(septic) wastewater conditions, sulfides cannot be oxidized. Therefore, they combine with
hydrogen to produce hydrogen sulfide gas, creating the "rotten egg" odor associated with
septic wastewater. If the concrete sewer is normally only partly full, the damp surface
above the water line is home to aerobic bacteria that oxidize the H2S and produce
sulfuric acid (H2SO4)”
Preliminary Report for C-159, Defence Colony, New Delhi
Background
The defence colony drain (nallah) has been proposed to be developed under a
beautification project coined as a “park” by the developers, the Delhi Development
Authority (DDA). The vent of the nallah (& a proposed third ramp of the park) is less
than 10 m in front of C-159, which makes it a direct receptor of hazardous gases releases
due to micro-biological actions taking place as a result of substances present in the nallah
in absence of sunlight and aeration.
The present scenario
During a field visit, it was observed that the pungent smell of H2S (Hydrogen Sulfide)
and NH3 (Ammonia) was strongly present out of the open space of the drain left open in
front of the said premises. These gases are known for their toxicity to humans and
environment.
The entire nallah is covered by concrete structure without any gas collection system, as a
result of which, the gases emit continuously unabated causing various health problems to
the residents.
This gas can contain hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen, and
hydrogen. The odor threshold, the lowest concentration, that can be detected with the
nose, for hydrogen sulfide is somewhere between .001 and .01 parts per million (ppm), an
extremely low concentration.
1
2. Consequence Analysis
The emissions of harmful gases are well known to cause severe health diseases like
asthma, skin irritation as well as nausea. Prima facie it seems that the mixture of gases
also have CO (carbon dioxide) which is equally toxic. As these are known to be present
in the air all time, the residents would have exposed well above the threshold limit of the
gases considered safe for human exposure as prescribed by WHO, AAH and CPCB
norms.
A detailed monitoring and test report is underway and results would be provided as
quantitative data for substantiating the above findings.
Hazardous Chemicals
Ammonia
Ammonia has a very strong odor that is irritating. Humans can smell when it is in the air
at a level higher than 50 ppm. Ammonia has a strong smell, similar to urine, which can be
detected by most people even in small amounts. It is a colorless gas with a pungent,
suffocating odor. Ammonia is an irritant and the solution and gas can cause burns of the
skin, eyes, mouth, and lungs. Chronic inhalation has been associated with increased
cough, phlegm production, wheeze and asthma. Ammonia and ammonia solutions are
irritant and corrosive and may be harmful by all routes of exposure
Ammonia at 50 ppm (35 mg/m3) can easily cause irritation to eyes over a two hours
exposure.
The recommended threshold quantities are provided below.
National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health (NIOSH)
Recommended Exposure Limit (REL)
25 ppm, (18 mg/m3) TWA
35 ppm, (27 mg/m3) STEL
CPCB national ambient quality standards prescribe an annual limit of 100 micro
grams per cubic meter for Ammonia
Hydrogen Sulfide
Hydrogen Sulfide is a colorless gas with a strong odor of rotten eggs. It is a strong
oxidizer. The gas can be detected at a level of 2 parts per billion. The density of hydrogen
sulfide is 1.393 g/L at 25 oC and 1 atm which is 18% higher than that of air making it
heavier than air. The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
(ACGIH) provides a Threshold Limit Value (TLV) of 1 ppm, (1.4 mg/m3) and TWA of 5
ppm with 7.0 mg/m3 STEL
2
3. In the UK and EU, long-term exposure limits (LTEL) for hydrogen sulphide is 7 mg/m3
(8-hour time weighted average (TWA) exposure reference period). The short-term
exposure limit in the UK (STEL) is 14 mg/m3 (15-minute reference period)
Hydrogen sulfide at 2 ppm is known to cause bronchial constriction in asthmatic
individuals. Nasal lavage fluid can also occur through continuous exposure of the gas. In
these cases, the concentration generally found to occur is 14 mg/m3
Carbon Monoxide
Carbon monoxide is a colourless, tasteless, odourless, non-irritating gas produced during
incomplete combustion of gas or fossil fuels due to there being insufficient oxygen
present. Carbon monoxide has a slightly lower density than air. In the human body, it
reacts readily with haemoglobin to form carboxyhaemoglobin. Because carbon monoxide
is a rather stable gas in the atmosphere, the lungs are practically the only significant route
for environmental exposures. Global background concentrations of carbon monoxide
range between 0.06 mg/m3 and 0.14 mg/m3 (0.05–0.12 ppm). Air quality guidelines by
the WHO provides for the following threshold values such as COHb does not exceed
2.5% anytime
30 mg/m3 (25 ppm) for 1 hour
10 mg/m3 (10 ppm) for 8 hours.
CPCB national ambient quality standards prescribe an eight hours limit of 02 milli
grams per cubic meter for Carbon Monoxide
Further, HPA, UK, reports that exposure to lower concentrations of carbon monoxide for
a longer period may affect learning, manual dexterity, driving performance and attention
level.
3
4. Abbreviations:
COHb: Carboxyhaemoglobin
Nallah: Sewer
ppm: Parts per million
ppb: Parts per billion (1 ppm = 1000 ppb)
mg m-3 = ppm x gram molecular weight/24.45 (molar volume of air at standard
temperature and pressure)
STEL: Short Term Exposure Limit
TWA: Time Weighted Average
Sources:
1. CPCB: Central Pollution Control Board, National Ambient Air Quality Standard,
18th November, 2009
2. US Environment Protection Agency
3. Health and Safety Executive (HSE), UK
4. Health Protection Agency, UK (From 1st April, 2013: Public Health England)
5. Ammonia:
http://www.hpa.org.uk/webc/HPAwebFile/HPAweb_C/1194947367219
6. Hydrogen Sulfide:
http://www.hpa.org.uk/webc/HPAwebFile/HPAweb_C/1246260030216
7. Carbon Monoxide:
http://www.hpa.org.uk/webc/HPAwebFile/HPAweb_C/1194947421806
8. WHO Air Quality Guidelines - Second Edition Chapter-5: Carbon monoxide
9. http://www.wwdmag.com/corrosion/hydrogen-sulfide-control-wastewatercollection-systems
10. http://www.marionohio.us/wpc/sewer_gas
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