Air pollution and its control through biotechnology

1. WELCOME

2. AIR POLLUTION AND IT'S CONTROL
THROUGH BIOTECHNOLOGY
Akshaya Anil
Subbulekshmi M D
M. Sc Biochemistry
Kerala University

3. COMPOSITION OF AIR

4. SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTANTS

5. SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION
Industry Major air pollutants
Thermal power plants NO2, N2O, SO2, particulates
Steel industries Smoke, particulates, CO,
fluoride
Petroleum refineries SO2, NO2. N2O, smoke,
particulates
Metal smelters SO2, NO2, N2O, NH3, fluoride
Fertilizer plants SO2, NO2, N2O
Acid plants SO2, NO2, N2O

6. CLASSIFICATION OF AIR POLLUTANTS

7. Based on chemical composition
Air pollutants
Organic pollutants Inorganic pollutants

8. Based on state of matter
Air pollutants
Particulate air
pollutant
Gaseous air
pollutant

9. EFFECT ON AIR POLLUTION ON
HUMANS

10. HEALTH EFFECTS
Pollulant Effects
Sulfur dioxide Nose & throat irritation,
respiratory illness, prolonged
exposure may lead to chronic
bronchitis
Nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxide Irritation of eyes, nose, and throat,
NO combines with O2 & reduces
supply of O2 to tissues
Carbon monoxide Binds to hemoglobin and
drastically reduces O2 supply to
tissues. May result in
cardiovascular and pulmonary
diseases
Aliphatic hydrocarbons Cancer

11. EFFECT OF AIR POLLUTION ON
PLANTS

12. HARMFUL EFFECTS
Pollutant Effects
Sulfur dioxide Bleaching of leaves, necrosis
Nitrogen dioxide Bleaching and suppressed growth
Fluorides Marginal necrosis
Peroxyacetylnitrate Suppressed growth and silvering
of lower leaf surface
Particulates Bleaching and necrosis

13. AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
Particulate air
pollutants control
Gaseous pollutants
control

14. CONTROL DEVICES FOR
PARTICULATE POLLUTANTS
Gravity settling chambers
Cyclone collectors
Dynamic precipitators
Spray towers
Electrostatic precipitators
Fabric filters

15. GRAVITY SETTLING CHAMBERS

16. CYCLONE COLLECTORS

17. DYNAMIC PRECIPITATORS

18. SPRAY TOWERS

19. ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS

20. FABRIC FILTERS